IOSR-JAVS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-4 ~ APRIL-2018

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Non-Parametric Method of Assessing the Yield Stability Using Principal Coordinate Analysis
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Tufleuddin Biswas || P. Dinesh Kumar || A.B.Mandal || G.S.Mandal || S.Dewanjee
	:	10.9790/2380-1104010106

ABSTRACT: The Westcott (1986) method of stability analysis based on principal co-ordinate analysis is a simply non parametric method.The method depends ultimately on the choice of a suitable measure of similarity between genotypes.In the present study, there are 19 bread wheat genotypes for yield per plot under six environments are taken and as a result, there are two genotypes namely K7903 and Sonalika came out as stable genotypes. Further HUW100 and H1784 are stable for low yielding environments and HD2233, HD2214, HD2285 and CPAN1798 are stable for high yielding environments. Most of the stability information appears in a sequence of plots, where genotypes are immediately highlighted as consistently more remote points..

[1] WESTCOTT,B.(1986) .A method of assessing the yield stability of crop genotypes Centro Jnternacional de Mejoramiento de Maiz y Trigo (CIMMYT), Mexico ,J. agric. Sci., Camb. (1987), 108, 267-274
[2] WESTCOTT, B. (1986) . Some methods of analyzing genotype-environment interaction. Heredity 56 , 243 – 253.
[3] GOWER, J. C. (1966). Some distance properties of latent root and vector methods used in multivariate analysis. Biometrika 53, 325-338.
[4] EBERHART, S. A. & RUSSELL, W. A. (1966). Stability parameters for comparing varieties. Crop Science 6,36-40.
[5] FINLAY.K. W. & WILKINSON, G. N. (1963). The analysis of adaptation in a plant breeding programme. AustralianJournal of Agricultural Research 14, 742-754.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Detection of Mi Genes Resistant To Meloidogynespp, Which Causes Root -Knot Nematode Disease on Hybrid Tomato Plants
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Inaddhahirabood || Hayderfadhiljassim
	:	10.9790/2380-1104010714

ABSTRACT: The study was carried out to detect the Migene alleles by conducting the completely diallel cross- process among eight pure lines of different resistance tomato plants to the disease of the root-knot nematode and obtained 56 hybrids .The hybrids were infected by Meloidogynespp larvae with 5000 juveniles/ kg of soil were diagnosed genes for parents and hybrids resulting from the process of multiplication using the technique of molecular PCR analysis and then the application of DNA indicators through the use of four specific primers( Intron, REX, C8B, and TG180) to detect the presence of 6 genetic sites in their forms of homoresistance, homosucestibile and heterozygous of resistance to the nematode of roots with tolerant to soil temperature conditions higher than 32 ° C effectiveness in detecting resistance genes through the configured DNA bands matching band sizes of what researchers reached by former users of these primers..

 

Keywords: Tomato Lycopersiconesculentum L, Root-knot nematode, Meloidogynespp,diallel and reciprocal hybrid,Mi gene, molecular marker

[1] Ammiraju,J.S.S., J.Veremis, X.Huang, P.A.Roberts andI.Kaloshian .2003. The heat-stable, root-knot nematode resistance geneMi-9from Lycopersiconperuvianumis localized on the short arm of chromosome 6. TheorAppl Genet 106:478-484.
[2] Chen,H.,J.N.Du, L.N.Hao,C.Y.Wang, Q. Chen and Y.X. Chang.2012. Identification of markers tightly linked to tomato yellow leaf curl disease and root-knot nematode resistance by multiplex PCR Res. 11: 2917-2928 .
[3] Choudhury, B.C. (1980). Effect of different inoculum levels of Meloidogyne incognita on two tomato varienties.Bangladesh journal of Agricultural research. 5: 13 – 16.
[4] Goggin, F.L., V.M. Williamson and D.E. Ullman.(2001). Variability in the response of Macrosiphumeuphorbiae and Myzuspersicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to the tomato resistance gene Mi. Environ. Entomol. 30: 101 – 106.
[5] El Mehrach K., S. GharsallahChouchane, L. Mejia, V.M.Williamson, F. Vidavski, A. Hatimi, M.S. Salus, C.T.Martinand D.P. Maxwell.(2005).- PCR-based methodsfor tagging the Mi-1 locus for resistance to root-knot nematode in begomovirus-resistant tomato germplasm.ActaHorticulturae, 695: 263-270...

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Impact of Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) For Better Monitoring & Evaluation (M&E) In Agriculture and Rural Development Projects
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Morla Raja Krishna Murthy
	:	10.9790/2380-1104011522

ABSTRACT: Traditional survey methods are generally costly and time consuming, usually provide information at the national and regional level only. The utilization of Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) method developed in manufacturing industry as a way to monitor the quality of production. A sample of items was randomly selected from each production lot, examined for any imperfection and to use small sample sizes when conducting surveys in small geographical or population-based areas i.e., Lots. LQAS is used to measure results at a local level, since it requires small random samples and produces results useful to local managers. However, current LQAS method requires all local areas be included in the survey is order to be aggregated to produce point estimates for the nation and states. This paper describes the use of LQAS for conducting agriculture and rural development project............

 

Keywords: Agriculture, data collection method, rapid monitoring & evaluation

[1]. Lemeshow S, Taber S. Lot quality assurance sampling: single and double-sampling plans. World Health Statistics Quarterly 44, 115-132.
[2]. Lemeshow S, & et al. Adequacy of sample size in health studies. Chichester, John Wiley & Sons, 1990. (Published on behalf of the World Health Organization)..

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Analysis of C-Organic, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Application Areas and Without Application of Palm Oil Mill Effluent
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	Sakiah || Mardiana Wahyuni
	:	10.9790/2380-1104012327

ABSTRACT: nutrients such as; nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are essential nutrients needed by plants. organic matter becomes one of those nutrient sources. in the process of processing oil palm into crude palm oil (CPO) will be produced liquid waste and solid waste. the resulting liquid waste is 2.5 To 5 times larger than the processed cpo. the amount of waste generated becomes a problem for oil palm planters, so it is necessary to think of a solution to handle the waste management. utilization of palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a soil repairing materials becomes one of the alternative of waste utilization. This research aims to determine the levels of C-organic, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the soil. Soil samples were taken at application area and without application of pome at 0- 400 cm...........

 

Keywords: application, distance, waste, palm oil

[1]. Directorate general of estate crops. Tree crop estate statistics of Indonesia. 2016. Secretariate of directorate general of estate crops, Ministry of agriculture, Indonesia.. http://ditjenbun.pertanian.go.id.
[2]. Naibaho, P.M, Palm Oil Processing Technology (Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute, 1998)
[3]. Lubis, B And P.L Tobing, Potential utilization of palm oil mill effluent. 1989. Bull.Perk. 20(1): 49-56.
[4]. Lelyana, V.D, Erwinsyah and Lydiasari H. Land application of palm oil mill effluent in palm oil plantations (Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute. 2013)
[5]. Budianta, D, Evaluation of Palm Oil Liquid Waste Application on The nutrient availability and yield of fresh fruit bunch of palm oil. Journal Of Tanah Trop, 10 (1), 2004 : 27-32...

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Acute Hemotropic Mycoplasmosis Of Newborn Calves In Basrah, Iraq
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Kamal M. Alsaad || Mohanad H. Lafta || Ali Jarad || Duna H.Ali
	:	10.9790/2380-1104012833

ABSTRACT: The present study was conducted on forty five (45) local calve breeds aged (2-13) days old of both sexes, carried out at Basrah governorate, Iraq.Thirty five (35) local calve breeds had been showing signs of Panting , Lateral recumbency and unable to stand, Petechial hemorrhages on sclera and conjunctival membranes, Pale or icteric mucous membranes, Different hemorrhagic patches on the skin, Enlargement of superficial lymph nodes and Hemoglobinurea with passing of coffee like urine. Ten, healthy local calve breeds of the same ages and sexes considered as controls. Complete clinical examinations have been applied to all animals. Moreover, all animals were..........

 

Keywords: Hemomycoplasma weynonii, newborn calves, Basrah, Iraq

[1] Almy, F.S., Ladd, S.M., Sponenberg, D.P., Crisman, M.V., Messick, J.B. (2006). Mycoplasma
[2] haemolamae infection in a 4-day-old cria: support for in utero transmission by use of a
[3] polymerase chain reaction assay. Can. Vet. J. 47, 229-233.
[4] Adresi, Y and Saki, CE. (2009). Clinical Eperythrozoon wenyoni (Adler and Ellenbogen,1934) and Haemobartonella bovis (Donatin and Lestoquard, 1934) Infection in A Cattle. F.Ü.Sağ.Bil.Vet.Derg. 23 (2): 117 – 118.
[5] Al-Badrani, B.A. and Rhaymah, M.S.H. (2012). A clinical and diagnostic study of Mycoplasma wenyonii and Haemobartonella bovis infections in cattle of Mosul City, Iraq. Res. Opin. Anim. Vet. Sci. 2(1), 27-30...

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effects of Nitrogen and Sulphur On Brassica Juncea (Cv. Caliente 199) Used for the Biofumigation of Potato Cyst Nematodes (Glo-bodera pallida (L.))
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Rajab, Y.S.
	:	10.9790/2380-1104013438

ABSTRACT: Glasshouse experiment was setup to find out the suitable ratio of Sulphur and Nitrogen for optimal Biofumigation for suppression of Potato Cyst Nematode (Globodera pallida [L.]) using Brassica juncea (Cv. Caliente 199) and to compare the efficacies of Meldola‟s blue stain and Trehalose-based methods of quantifica-tion for assessing egg viability of potato cyst nematode (PCN). sixteen treatment combinations were used and the parameter assessed was percentage PCN egg viability. statistical analysis was conducted using "R‟ software. results of two-way ANOVA showed significant difference in the treatments on PCN egg viability (p = 0.005). Regression analysis conducted using "R" software to com-pare Meldola blue stain and Trehalose methods........

[1] AHDB, 2016. Available On: Https://Potatoes.Ahdb.Org.Uk/Publications/2016-Gb-Potato-Production-Estimated-Down-5-522mt#Sthash.Cezjdp9g.Dpuf Accessed: 10/04/2017
[2] Dybal K. And Back M.A. (Undated) A Better Understanding Of A Major Potato Pest: Improved Crop Management. Unpublished Phd Report. Harper Adams University, UK.
[3] Ebrahimi, N., Viaene, N., And Moens, M. 2015. Optimizing Trehalose-Based Quantification Of Live Eggs In Potato Cyst Nema-todes (Globoderarostochiensis And G. Pallida). Plant Dis. 99:947-953
[4] Google Maps, 2017 Available On: Https://Maps.Google.Com/Maps/?Hl=En&Q=United+Kingdom+E28hz Accessed: 10/04/2017
[5] Martinez-Ballista M.C., Moreno D.A. And Carvajal M. 2013. The Physiological Importance Of Glucosinolates On Plant Response To Abiotic Stress In Brassica. International Journal Of Molecular Sciences. Pp. 11607-11617 Doi: 10.3390/Ijms140611607. ISSN 1422-0067. Available From: Www.Mdpi.Com/Journal/Ijms

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effect of Variety and Seed Dressing On Incidence and Severity of Cercospora Leaf Spot Disease of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata) In Sokoto, North-Western Nigeria
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	A.S. Muhammad || A.Y. Sajo
	:	10.9790/2380-1104013944

ABSTRACT: Field Study Was Conducted During The 2015 Raining Season, At The Usmanu Danfodiyo University Dry Land Farm, To Evaluate The Effect Of Variety And Seed Dressing On Cercospora Leaf Spot Disease Of Cowpea. The Varieties Used Include Sampea-7, Sampea-8, Sampea-9, Sampea-11, Sampea-15 And Ex-Yumfa While Apron Star 42ws Was Used For Dressing The Seeds. Randomized Complete Block Design Was Used For The Study. Results Revealed That All The Varieties Were Infected By Cercospora Leaf Spot Disease At Varying Levels. Ex-Yumfa Had The Highest Disease Incidence And Severity Both At 9 Was And At Harvest. Lowest Disease Incidence And Severity Was Observed Both At 9 Was And At Harvest On Sampea-15. Significant Difference Was Also Recorded Between Dressed And Undressed Varieties. Ex-Yumfa Had Lowest 100 Grain Weight And Seed Yield While Sampea-7, Sampea-8, Sampea-9 And Sampea-11 Were Statistically Similar In Most Of The Disease And Yield Parameters Measured..

 

Keywords: Cowpea, Variety, Seed Dressing, Cercospora, Yield

[1] Ajibade, S.R. And Amusa N.A. (2001). Effect Of Fungal Diseases On Some Cowpea Line In The Humid Environment Of South West Nigeria. Journal Of Sustainable Agricultural Environment 3: 246 – 253.
[2] Akande, S.R. (2007). Genotype By Environment Interaction For Cowpea Seed Yield And Disease Reaction In The Forest And Derived Savanna Agro Ecologies Of South-West Nigeria.American-Eurasian Journal Of Agriculture And Science,2 (2): 163-168.
[3] Akande, R.R. (2005). Genotype By Environment Interaction For Cowpea Seed Yield And Disease Reaction In Forest And Dried Savannah Agro Ecologies South West Nigeria. American Erosion Journal Of Agro Culture And Science. 2(2): 163-168.
[4] Allerd, R.W., Zhang, Q., Maroof, M.A.S. And Mouna, O.M. (1992). Evolution Smultiloocus Genetic Structure In An Experimental Barley Population.
[5] Booker, H.M. (2006). Studies On Resistance To Cercospora Leaf Spot (CLS) Disease And The Impact Of CLS And Cowpea Severe Mosaic Virus (CPSMV) Diseases On Productivity Of Vigna Unguiculata (L) Walp. In Trinidad. Phd Dissertation, The University Of West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad And Tobago...

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Stabilization of Vertebral Fracture - Luxations with Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Stainless Steel Wire In Cats
Country	:	Turkey
Authors	:	E. Karabulut
	:	10.9790/2380-1104014548

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this retrospective study is to investigate PMMA and stainless steel wire in the stabilization of vertebral fracture and luxations. The material of the study consisted of 11 cats diagnosed with spinal fracture or luxations as a result of orthopedic and radiological examination brought to The Animal Hospital of Firat University with the complaint of paralysis. Cats were positioned in sternal recumbency. The skin incision was made in sufficient length to reach 5-6 vertebrae on the midline. Muscles were separated from spinous processes, lamina and articular facets. Then, dislocated or fractured vertebrae's were returned to normal state. Articular facets and spinous process were drilled with a 0.1 mm drill. These vertebrae's were stabilized by passing stainless steel wire through.........

 

Keywords: Cat, Fracture, Luxation, Polymethylmethacrylate, Spine, Wire.

[1] EM Penha, GM Cardoso, RL Carneiro, EFM Filho, DCG Junior, VJ Moraes, WR Aguilar And MBP Soares, Traumatic Spinal Cord İnjury İn Cats: Three Years Epidemiologic Study And Late Characterization Of Lesions By Computerized Tomography İmaging Analysis. PUBVET, Londrina, V.5, N. 26,Ed. 173, 2011, Art. 1169.
[2] R Cruz-Arambulo, And S Nykamp, Acute İntraparenchimal Spinal Cord İnjury İn A Cat Due To High-Rise Syndrome. Can. Vet. J., 53, 2012, 274-278.
[3] EH Park, GA George And LM Tieber, Mechanisms Of İnjury And Emergency Care Of Acute Spinal Cord İnjury İn Dogs And Cats. Journal Of Veterinary Emergency And Critical Care, 22(2), 2012, 160-178.
[4] A Ozak And KS Inal, Stabilisation İn Spinal Trauma. Turkiye Klinikleri J. Vet. Sci. Surg.-Special Topics, 2(3), 2016, 50-59.
[5] F Steffen, Diagnostic Approach To The Spinal Patient. Small Animal Orthopedic And Neurosurgery. 2nd Continuing Education Course For Japan Small Animal Surgeons At The Small Animal Surgery Clinic, University Of Zurich, Switzerland, February, 2002, 14-19...

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Weeds In The Vegetable Garden of The Town of Gagnoa (Côte d'Ivoire)
Country	:	Côte d'Ivoire
Authors	:	Diomandé Souleymane || Yao Akoua Clémentine || Mangara Ali || et Bakayoko Adama
	:	10.9790/2380-1104014959

ABSTRACT: Côte d'Ivoire is a predominantly agricultural country like many developing countries. However, farmers, the main players in this sector of activity, are supported by a major concern, which is the management of weeds. Indeed, these weeds are in direct competition with the cultivated plants and this causes a considerable decrease in productivity. Thus, to put in place an effective management of weeds, one needs to have a thorough knowledge of these species, in particular their floristic composition, their diversity and their ecology. The objective of this study is to inventory the weeds and identify the control methods mainly used against these plant species. To carry out this study, we carried out a semi-structured survey associated with surface surveys in order to gather information on the weeds..........

 

Keywords: Vegetable gardens, weeds, inventory, wrestling, Gagnoa

[1] Isingrini T. Université Paul Cézanne Aix-Marseille III – Institut d'urbanisme et d'Aménagement Régional -Mémoire de Master-FC 2009/2010 Urbanisme, Projet territorial et Développement durable. Jardins familiaux, du développement social au développement durable. 2010 ; 153 pages.
[2] Potagers de France, Un réseau de jardins potagers et fruitiers de France, 2012. [Online] Available: http://www.potagers-de-france.com (October 15, 2015).
[3] De Margerie S. Potager 2000, pré-étude en vue d'une nouvelle gestion du potager du Roi à Versailles ; mémoire de DESS, ENSP Versailles, Université Paris 1, Panthéon-Sorbonne.
[4] Jardins potagers communautaires de N'Ganon et Nangounkaha, Côte d'Ivoire-Tours, dans le cadre du projet 4Cities4Dev, 2011. [Online] Available: http://www.4cities4dev.eu/fra (April 20, 2015).
[5] Merlier H, Montégut J. Adventices tropicales. ORSTOM, CIRAD-GERDAT, ENSH,Montpellier, France. 1982 ; 490 pages.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Prevalence of Human African Trypanosomosis In Maiduguri, Nigeria
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	maimadu, A.A || ogbu,K.I || olabode.M.P || waziri,I.A || salami,C.A || ochai, S. O.
	:	10.9790/2380-1104016063

ABSTRACT: A case study of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri was carried out using case files and records from year 1990 to 2000. 28 suspected cases were retrieved. However, only 6 of these were clinically confirmed as Human African Trypanosomiasis. The infection prevalence was at 95% confidence limit. Between years 1990, 1991, 1993, 1996 to 2000, the confidence interval was 13.4 – 47.0%. It was 0% in 1992 and 0.1 -0.9% between 1994 and 1995. The relatively high prevalence of the zoonotic disease recorded between 1990-1995, and its slight increase in health problems over the years can be indicted on the lack of effective disease reporting in the locale of interest, as well as poor disease management and animal husbandry practices among cattle rearers. Some rigorous campaign and awareness on the implication of this endemic disease on cattle production and public health hazards are needed.

 

Keywords: Prevalence, Human African Trypanosomiasis, zoonotic, UMTH, Maiduguri.

[1] Aerts, D., P. True, L. Penchenier, Y. Claes, and D. Le Ray. (1992). A kit for in vitro isolation of trypanosomes in the field: first trial with sleeping sickness patients in the Congo Republic.
[2] Akish Kuintel, Patricia Lowe, Anneli Cooper. Case of Nigeria-acquired Human African Trypanosomiasis in United Kingdom,2016: Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol. 23 (2017) 1225-1228.
[3] Anosa, V.O.: Haematological and biochemical changes in human and animal trypanosomiasis. Part 1. Revue Elev. Med. Vet. Pays trop.41(1): 65-78, 1988
[4] "African Lethargy, Sleeping Sickness, or Congo trypanosomiasis;Trypanosoma gambiense". The Modern Home Physician, A New Encyclopedia of Medical Knowledge. WM. H. Wise & Company (New York).pages 20-21. 1989 -2001 -2010 GlaxoSmithKline.
[5] Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Jan. 2005, p. 133–146 Vol. 18, No. 12005, American Society for Microbiology. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg86:394-395.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Sheep And Goat Marketing: Panacea To Poverty Alleviation In Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo StateNigeria
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Oyewo, I.O || Afolabi, R.T || Ademuwagun, A.A || Owolola, O.I
	:	10.9790/2380-1104016467

ABSTRACT: The study investigated the economic analysis of sheep and goats marketing in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State. The study used primary data through a well-structured questionnaire administered to 55 marketers using descriptive and gross margin analysis to analyse the data. The result showed that 100% of the sheep and goat marketer's were male and 54.6% are between the ages 20-30 years, 80.0% of the marketers were married. Majority (80%) had one form of formal education. About 50.9% had between 11 and 20 years of marketing experience. It is confirmed that the marketers sold more during the festival period, the total sales of N33, 570,000.00k on sheep and N102, 515,000.00k on goat per season.........

 

Keywords: Akinyele, Economic, Marketing, Oyo State, Profitability, Sheep and Goat

[1] Idachaba, F.S (2000) "Food Policy in Nigeria." Agricultural Research Bulleting. Vol. 1:162.
[2] Isaac, B.O and Titilayo, B.O (2012) Small Ruminants as a Source of Financial Security: A
[3] Case Study of Women in Rural South-West Nigeria. Institute for Money, Technology and Financial Inclusion. Working Paper 2012-2. Pp21.
[4] Jabo, M.S.M (2004) Structure Conduct and Performance of Cattle Markets in Four Selected
[5] Local Government Areas of Sokoto State, Nigeria. Unpublished M.Sc Thesis. Usman Danfodio University, Sokoto, Nigeria. Pp62.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Economic Efficiency of the Okra Crop Farms in Baghdad Governorate - Eastern Karrada (Application Model) in the summer season of 2016
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Hawra,aJaafer Mohammed
	:	10.9790/2380-1104016872

ABSTRACT: okra is one of the most important and widespread summer vegetable crops, it is cultivated in all areas of Iraq and consumed by most people, it is consumed cooked with tomatoes as well as it enters into the canning and freezing industry, some people still keep it drying and store it for winter use, its nutritional importance comes through its containment of carbohydrates, proteins, salts and minerals, okra is ranked fifth among the vegetable crops in terms of cultivated area after the water melon, tomatoes, melon and cucumber.The research aims to study the economic indicators of the okra farms in Baghdad, the cost and revenue data were obtained through a questionnaire and found that all the studied.........

 

Keywords: economic efficiency, farm, okra crop.

[1]. Albaldawi. A. A.2009 .Methods of Statistics for Economic Sciences and Business management using SPSS program.Dar wael for publishing.Jordan p.230.
[2]. Al-Bayati. T. F.; K. T. Al Shammari.2009 . Introduction the economics, partial and total analysis. Wael institution for Publishing.Jordan p. 75.
[3]. Alsamarai. H. A. 2008. Agricultural Business management.Scientific Yazouri institution for Publishing and Distribution.Jordan p.33.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Hematological Responses Of Replacement Levels Of Cassava Peels And Maize As Energy Sources In Broiler Diets
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Kalio, G.A || Ingweye, J.N
	:	10.9790/2380-1104017377

ABSTRACT: The haematological response of broilers to replacement levels of cassava peel (CSP) and maize (M) was investigated. The formulated experimental diets: T1 (0% CSP + 100% M), T2 (50% CSP + 50% M), T3 (25% CSP + 75% M) and T4 (75% CSP + 25% M) respectively, were used in a completely randomized design (CRD). On the last day of a 63-day feeding and growth trial, a set of 2 ml blood samples were taken from 3 broilers per treatment into plastic tubes containing the anti-coagulant ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) for the determination of haematological parameters: PCV, Hb, RBC and WBC. The MCHC, MCH and MCV were also determined. Results on the blood parameters of broilers fed the experimental diets showed normal.........

 

Keywords: Hematology, Cassava peel, Maize, Replacement, Broiler.

[1] Lukuyu, B., Okike, I., Duncan, A., Beveridge, M and Blümmel, M. Use of cassava in livestock and aquaculture feeding programs. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Discussion Paper 25, 2014, 84 p.
[2] Lebot, V. Tropical root and tuber crops: cassava, sweet potato, yams and aroids. Crop Production Science in Horticulture (17), CAB Books, 2009, Wallingford, UK: CABI.
[3] FAOStat. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2013.
[4] Akinfala, E.O., Aderibigbe, A.O. and Matanmi, O. Evaluation of the nutritive value of whole cassava plant as replacement for maize in the starter diets for broiler chicken. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2002, (14)6.
[5] Nwokoro, S.O. and Ekhosuehi, E.I. Effect of replacement of maize with cassava peel in cockerel diets on performance and carcass characteristics. Tropical Animal Health Production, 2005, 37(6):495–501.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Analysis of The Tracheobronchi of Hedge Hog: Histomophometric Studies
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	C Yakubu || A. Yahaya || H. S Gumi || H. P Mana || M Chiroma
	:	10.9790/2380-1104017885

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out on six apparently healthy adult hedgehogs of both sexes, to elucidate the normal morphology and architecture in the conducting region of respiratory system of hedgehog and distinguish the normal lobulation of lungs. The animals were used for anatomical study. The mean length, number of tracheal rings, bronchi length and also the number of lung lobes are recorded. The trachea was observed to be cartilaginous tube extending from the larynx to the lung, at thorax it terminates by bifurcating in to the right and left principle bronchi above the base of the heart at the 4th thoracic vertebra. The right primary bronchus branched into three secondary lobar bronchi which provide each lobe of right lung.........

[1] Al-anbki, A.A. and Atya, M. A. (2013). Anatomical, Histological and radiological study of trachea and lung in domesticated local rabbits. M.Sc. Thesis submitted to Veterinary Medicine College, university of Baghdad.
[2] Carlton, H.M. (1980): Histological and histochemical methods. Carlton's histological techniques, 5th edition, Churchill livingstone Edinburgh, UK 8:61 – 328 [3] David Attenborough (2014). Attenborough's Natural Curiosities 2. Armoured Animals. UKTV.
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[5] Hutter, R. (2008). Atelerixalbiventris". IUCN Red list is threatened species, version 2008. International union for conservation of nature. Retrieved 30th August 2009. Database entry include a brief justification of why this species is of least concern.