IOSR-JAVS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-5 ~ MAY-2019

ABSTRACT: This study explores the fishing gears used by different communities in South Western Assam including Goalpara, Kamrupand Kamrup Metro districts of Assam, India.Eleven communities living in the area have been found to be involved in fishing. Out of them,Assamese speaking Kaibarta, Bengali speaking Kaibarta, Karbiand riparian Muslim communities are involved in commercial fishing in inland waterbodies and rest fish for household consumption. Twenty-seven different types of traditional fishing gears have been recorded during the study that are used in different types of water bodies including – rivers, hill streams, beels, swamps, marshy areas, water logged fields and manmade.......

Keywords: Ethnic communities,Fabrication materials, Fishing gears,Modernization, Traditional livelihood

[1]. Agarwal, SK, Singh, SK, Rajkumar, R (2005). Reproductive disorders and their management in cattle and buffalo: A review. Indian J. Animal Sci. 75(7): 858-873.
[2]. Brar, PS, and Nanda, AS (2004). Impact of conventional managemental practices on reproductive performance of rural buffaloes. Indian J. Animal Reproduction. 25(2): 94.
[3]. Dhaka, BL, Meena, GS, Meena, NL (2017). Reproductive performance of buffalos under field conditions in Bundi district of Rajasthan, India. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci. 6(4): 595-599.
[4]. El-Kirabi, E (1995). Buffalo population and production in Egypt. Buffalo Newsletter. 3:8.
[5]. FAO (2014). FAOSTAT Database. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy. Available at: http://faostat.fao.org/.

ABSTRACT: The measuring of technical efficiency for cotton farms can be invaluable in estimating optimum farming practices and in identifying premeditated options for the farmers. Therefore, this paper investigates the technical efficiency of sampled cotton farmers in Northeast zone of Nigeria, using a Stochastic frontier production function (SFA), constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS) of output-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Data were obtained from 349 cotton farmers using a structured questionnaire interviews. The estimates of technical efficiency based on these two aforementioned frontier methods were compared. While efficiency.......

[1]. Anonymous (2012).Wikipedia,available from website: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cotton. [2]. Kriger, C. E. (2005). Mapping the history of cotton textile production in precolonial West Africa. African Economic History, 1(33), 87-116.
[3]. National Bureau of Statistics, "Nigeria in 2014: Economic review and 2015-2017 outlook." Retrieved from https://www.nbs.org/, 2015.
[4]. USDA (2018), Nigeria Cotton Products Update May 2018, Gain Report, Global Agricultural Information Network, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC.
[5]. Meeusen, W., and van den Broeck, J. (1977), 'Efficiency estimation from Cobb-Douglas production functions with composed error', International Economic Review, Vol 18, pp 435–444..

ABSTRACT: The research aims to determine the effective environmental factors in planning program in diffusion of Agricultural technologies that provided by ministry of agriculture and describing classification of using standers from the point of view of specialists, academics, and Workers in the Agriculture College in Baghdad and other Agricultural Research Services. Data were collected from a random sample of 30 specialists in the production, diffusion and adoption of agricultural technologies. A questionnaire was prepared for this purpose consisting of three parts and the reality of the..........

Keyword: environmental, planning, diffusion, Innovation

[1]. Abdel Fattah, Aaadiashukri Ali. 2013, Building tests and metrology in psychology, Modren library of publishing, Cairo, P. 10.
[2]. Arab organization for agricultural development 2012. Meeting of agricultural technology transfer officers and experts in the Arab world. The Hashemite kingdom of Jordan, electronic version in Arabic.
[3]. AL- Remawi, Ahmed Skraye and other, 1996, Introduction in agricultural extension, DiarHanen for publishing , Amana, P.140.
[4]. AL-Taiae ,HasenKthier ,2009 ,Improving and management program for diffusion agricultural techniques in Iraq , Al-Fruit geranial for agricultural science . No.3.
[5]. College of Agriculture –Baghdad ,2014 ,Department of human resource .

ABSTRACT: This paper estimates the technical efficiency of rice farms in Kebbi State utilizing Data Envelopment Analysis and Tobit regression. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires from a sample of 231 rice producers surveyed in 2016 production season. The finding reveals that the mean technical efficiency estimates was 65.6 percent. This implies that 34.4 percent of potential output is lost due to technical inefficiency. The average input slacks for seeds, fertilizer, agrochemicals and labour were found to be 0.103, 0.838, 0.071 and 0.170 individually. This implies excess used of these inputs by their respective quantities. The output slack was found to be zero, meaning that no excess output was recorded. Education, extension contact and planting technology were the factors that significantly decreased the technical inefficiency of the farmers in the research area. The study concluded that most of the rice farmers in the investigation area are producing below the best possible output and have the opportunity to increase their output by 34.4 percent simply by using the technology of the best practice farm..........

Keywords: Technical efficiency, DEA, Tobit regression, Input and output slacks

[1]. Godwin, U. "Rice farm, milling plant: Sure money spinner." (2013).

[2]. Akinsuyi, Y. "Local government intervention: Impact in small scale farming." This day Live (2011): 4.

[3]. Evbuomwan, Grace O., and Lawrence U. Okoye. "Evaluating the prospects of the Anchor Borrowers Programme in Nigeria." (2017): 1-10.

[4]. Mojo, Dagne, Christian Fischer, and TerefeDegefa. "The determinants and economic impacts of membership in coffee farmer cooperatives: recent evidence from rural Ethiopia." Journal of Rural Studies 50 (2017): 84-94.

[5]. Erenstein, Olaf, et al. "Rice production systems in Nigeria: A survey." Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire: West Africa Rice Development Association (2003).

ABSTRACT: Zeolites are crystalline, hydrated aluminosilicates of alkali and earth metals that possess infinite, three-dimensional crystal structures. They are further characterized by an ability to lose and gain water reversibly and to exchange some of their constituent elements without major change of structure. Zeolites were discovered in 1756 by Freiherr Axel Fredrick Cronstedt, a Swedish mineralogist, who named them from the Greek words meaning "boiling stones, "in allusion to their peculiar frothing characteristics when heated before the mineralogist's blowpipe. Natural zeolites have found applications as fillers in the paper industry, as lightweight aggregate in construction, in pozzolanic cements and concrete, as ion-exchangers in the purification of water and municipal sewage effluent, and in the removal of nitrogen compounds from the blood of kidney patients. In this test carried out at the experimental greenhouses of CREA-OF (Pescia- PT), was evaluated the possibility of using the micronized zeolites mixed to the substrate, for to increase the germination of horticultural and grass crops..

Keywords: alternative substrates, plant quality, inorganic additives, seeds, water use

[1]. Bazzocchi R., Casalicchio G., Giorgioni M.E., Loschi B., Passaglia E., Savelli C., 1996. Effetti di zeolititi Italiane sullo sviluppo del sedano. Colture Protette, 11, 91-97.
[2]. Galli E., Passaglia E., 2011. Natural zeolites in environmental engineering. In: H. Holzapfel (Ed.), Zeolites in Chemical Engineering, VerlagProcessEng Engineering GmbH, Vienna: 392-416
[3]. Gottardi, G. E, Galli, E. 1985.Natural zeolites. sprinter-verlag, berlinheidelberg, 409 pp.
[4]. Gualtieri A.F., Marchi E., Passaglia E. 1999. Zeolite content and cationexchangecapacity of zeolite-richrocks. Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, 125, 707-713.
[5]. Gualtieri, A.F., (2000).- Study of NH4+ in the zeolite phillipsite by combined synchrotron powder diffraction and IR spectroscopy. ActaCryst., B56, 584-593..

ABSTRACT: A field experiment conducted at Bakshi ka taal during Rabi season of 2016 and 2017 to study the effect of plant densities and integrated nutrient management on productivity, nutrient uptake and quality of sweet corn. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments comprised of three plant spacing as main plot viz., 60 X 20 cm, 45 X 20 cm and 45 X 30 cm and seven levels of INM practices viz., T1-100% RDF (120N, 60 P2O, 60K2O)- Control, T2- 50% RDF NPK + Vermicompost 5 t ha-1, T3-75% RDF NPK + Vermicompost 2.5 t ha-1, T4- 50% RDF NPK +FYM 6 t ha-1, T5-75% RDF NPK + FYM 3 t ha-1, T6-50% RDF NPK + Azospirillum 5kg ha-1 and T7-75% RDF NPK + Azospirillum 2.5kg ha-1. Among the plant spacing, significantly higher nutrient uptake of NPK and quality of grain (protein and starch content and TSS) was observed with spacing of 45 X 30 cm. Among the integrated nutrient levels, application of 75% RDF + 2.5 t vermicompost recorded significantly higher nutrient uptake (NPK), improved quality and increased productivity green cob.

[1]. Anonymous, (2018). World Agricultural Production. United States Department of Agriculture, Circular Series WAP 7-18 July 2018 pp. 1-31.
[2]. Bharud, S.R., Bharud, R.W. and Mokate, A.S. (2014). Yield and quality of sweet corn [Zea mays (L.) var. Saccharata] as influenced by planting geometry and fertilizer levels. International Journal of Plant Sciences, 9(1): 240-243.
[3]. Chhokar, P. K. (2008). Organic farming and its relevance in India. Organic agriculture. Indian Society of Soil Science, Jodhpur PP 5-33.
[4]. Gunjal, B. S., Patil, H. M. and Wadile, S. C. (2017). Influence of integrated nutrient management on growth attributes and yield contributes of sweet corn (maize) in sweet corn (Zea mays L.) - potato (Solanum tuberosum) cropping sequence. IJCS, 5(5): 320-325.
[5]. Keerthi S, Upendra Rao A, Ramana AV, Tejeswara Rao K. (2013). Effect of Integrated nutrient management practices on cob yield, protein content, NPK uptake by sweet corn and post harvest N, P205 and K20. Intern. J Appl. Biol. Res., 3(4):553-555.

ABSTRACT: The study was carried out on the Determinant of Technical Efficiency of Sesame Production in Kurmi Local Government Area of Taraba State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study were to examine Socio-economic characteristic of the respondents; determine the profitability of Sesame enterprise; establish the technical efficiency of Sesame farmers and establish the determinants of the efficiency of farmers. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Purposive and simple random sampling technique was adopted for the study. 82 structured questionnaires were administered and were retrieved. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Gross..........

[1]. Abu, G. A., Abah, D and Okpachu, S. A. (2011). Analysis of Cost and Return for Sesame Production in Nasarawa State:
Implication for Sustainable Development in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa 13(3): 238-249..
[2]. Adeniyi O. R. and Ogunsola G. O. (2014), Cocoa Production and related socio-economic and climate factors: A case study of Ayedire local government area of Osun state, Nigeria, published by Science and Education Centre of North America Agricultural Science, 2(4):1-13
[3]. Adepoju A.A. (2008), "Technical Efficiency of Egg Production in Osun State", International Journal of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development (IJAERD), 1(1), 2008
[4]. Aigner, D. C., Lovell, C. A. K and Schmidt, P. (1977). Formulation and Estimation of Stochastic Frontier Production Function Models. Journal of Econometrics, 6: 21-31.
[5]. Ajao. A.O (2011), "Comparative Technical Efficiency of Concrete and Earthen Fish Pond in Oyo State-Nigeria", Global Journal of Science Frontier Research, Volume 11, Issue 9, Version 1.0 December 2011. Global Journals Inc. (USA).

ABSTRACT: Gelatin is a hydrocolloid product obtained by hydrolyzing the protein collagen found in the skin, bones and connective tissue. Gelatin is obtained by heat denaturation from collagen. Gelatin has been applied in food as a gelling agent, thickener, emulsifier, pharmaceutical, health, cosmetics and photography industry. gelatin sourced from fish is still small. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of milkfish skin gelatin with acetic acid 4%, 6% and 8%. The results showed that gelatin with the highest percentage of glycine. the best research results at a concentration of 8%, namely gel strength 98.07 g / bloom, Viscosity 6 cP, yield 19.4%. Use of high concentrations of..........

Keywords: Gel Strenght, Milfish Skin, Gelatin

[1]. Adiningsih, Y., T. Purwanti. 2015. KarakteristikMutu Gelatin IkanTenggiri (Scomberomoruscommersonii) dengan Perendaman Menggunakan Asam Sitratdan Asam Sulfat. JurnalRisetTeknologiIndustri.9 (2) : 149-157.

[2]. Agustin, A. T. 2013. Gelatin Ikan: Sumber, Komposisi Kimia Dan PotensiPemanfaatannya. Jurnal Media TeknologiHasilPerikanan. 1 (2):44-46.

[3]. AOAC. 1995. Official Methods of Analysis. The Association of Official Analitical Chemist. A. O. A. C. Inc., Washington, DC. Chap. 38: 1-3.

[4]. Arnesen, J. A danGildberg, A. (2002). Preparation and Characterization of Gelatin from the skin of Harp Seal (Phocagroendlandica). Bioresource Technology. 82 : 191-194.

[5]. Avena-Bustillos, R.J., Olsen, C.W., Olson, D.A., Chiou, B., Yee, E., Bechtel, P.J., McHugh, L.H. (2006). Water vapor permeability of mamalian and fish gelatin films. Journal of Food Science, 71(4), 202-207.

ABSTRACT: Red snapper bone is a waste produced by fisheries processing which has not been fully utilized. Red snapper bones can be used as a substitute for gelatin, which generally comes from the skin and bones of cattle and pigs. the type of acid and extraction temperature are used to determine how optimal some types of acid and temperature variations are to the characteristics of gelatin. this study was conducted to determine the effect of acid type and extraction temperature on the characteristics and amino acid profile of gelatin red snapper bone. The method used in this study is the experimental method. The experimental design used in this study was factorial Complete Complete Design (RAL) using acid.........

Keywords: Gelatin red snapper bone, acid type, extraction temperature

[1]. Alhana., P. Suptijah., K. Tarman. 2015. EkstraksiKarakterisasiKolagendariDagingTeripang Gamma. JurnalPengolahanhasilPerikanan Indonesia, 18(2): 150-161.
[2]. Ananda, A. R., Rr. J. Triastuti., dan S. Andriyono. 2018. IsolasidanKarakterisasi Gelatin dariTeripang (Phyllophorussp.) denganMetodeEkstraksiBerbeda. Journal of Marine and Coastal Science, 7(1): 1-11.
[3]. Astawan, M. dan T. Aviana. 2003. PengaruhJenisLarutanPerenaman Serta MetodePengeringanTerhadapSifatFisik, Kimia, danFungsional Gelatin dariKulitCucut. JurnalTeknologidanIndustriPangan, 14(1):7-13. ISSN 1979-7788.
[4]. Djailani, F., W. Trilaksani., and T. Nurhayati. Optimasi Ekstraksidan Karakterisasi Kolagendari Gelambung RenangIkan Cunangdengan MetodeAsam-Hidro-Ekstraksi. JurnalPengolahanHasilPerikanan Indonesia, 19(2): 157-167.
[5]. Hidayat, G., E. N. Dewi., dan L. Rianingsih. 2016. Karakteristik Gelatin TulangIkan Niladengan Hidrolis is Menggunakan Asam Fosfatdan Enzim Papain. JurnalPengolahanHasilPerikanan Indonesia, 19(1): 69-78..

ABSTRACT: Gelatin is a protein obtained from the partial hydrolysis of proteins of collagen fibers which are abundant in the skin, bones, and connective tissue of animals. Gelatin can be used as a multipurpose product and is widely used in the food and non-food industries. NaOH is a type of metallic base that has the character of dissolving fat tissue.Proteins are classified into 2, namely essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids. Essential amino acids are those that the body cannot synthesize. Whereas non-essential amino acids are the oppositeThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the long time of naoh seeding in the loss process fat to the quality of gelatin tiger grouper fish bonefor 4.5 days, 5 days, and 5.5 days. The best grouper bone gelatin was obtained by soaking naoh for 5.5 days of quality value of fat content of 0.02%; gel strength 108.04%; viscosity of 8.90 (cP); and yield of 13.28%; in addition, the highest profile of the essential amino acids in arginine was 8.89% and histidine, isoleucine was 0.93%. Whereas the highest non-essential amino acid profile at glycine was 23.49% and the lowest was tyrosine 0, 62%.

Keywords: gelatine, amino acid, fat

[1]. [AOAC] Association of Official Analytical Chemist. 1995. Official Method of Analysis. Washington, DC: The Association of Official Analytical Chemist

[2]. Agustiana., E. Suprayitno., Aulani'am., and H. Nursyad. 2014. Chitosan Inhibitability of Mangramamove Crab (Scylla sp), Giant Shrimp (Macrobrachiumrosenbergii de Man), and Penaeid Shrimp (Penaeusmerguiensis den Man) Against TheHistidine Decarboxylase Producing Bacterial Isolate Activity of Fresh Tuna (Euthnnusaffinis). Fakultas Perikanan Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Kalimantan. Internasional Journal of Biosciences.Vol5 (7) : 281-287. ISSN 2220-6655.

[3]. Angelia, I. O. 2016. Analisis Kadar LemakpadaTepungAmpasKelapa. JurnalTeknologi. Vol4 (1): 19-23.

[4]. Firlianty., E. Suprayitno., Hardoko., and H. Nursyam. 2014. Protein Profile and Amino Acid Profile of Vacuum Drying and Freeze-Drying of Family Channidae Collected from Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. FakultasPertanianUniversitasPalangkaraya, Kalimantan. International Journal of Biosciences.Vol5 (8) : 75-83. ISSN 2220-6655.

[5]. Gimenez, B., Turnay ,Lizarbe, P. and Guillen. 2005. Use of Lactic Acid for Extraction of Fish Skin Gelatin. Journal Food Hydrocollois. Vol19 (2): 941-950..

ABSTRACT: Processing the robusta coffee beans into robusta coffee powder is one of the post-harvest processes that will add value to the coffee. The aims of this study were to describe the processing of robusta coffee powder, calculate and analyze the production and the income of the robusta coffee powder industry, calculate on how much the value-added from home industry of robusta coffee powder, to know and to formulate the marketing strategies the Robusta coffee powder processing industry with different business scale in Pagaralam City. This research was conducted in November 2018 until January 2019 and using the census method to determine sample members...........

Keywords: Processing industry, Robusta coffee, Revenue, Value Added, Marketing Strategy

[1]. The Central Bureau of Statistics Pagaralam. 2016. Regional Statistics Pagaralam. Pagaralam.
[2]. Plantation Office. 2016 Post Harvest Sustainable Coffee. (On line).Sustainable Http://Ditjenbun.Pertanian.Go.Id/Pascapanen/Berita-203-Kopi-.html, Accessed March 28, 2019 At the date.
[3]. Plantation Office. 2016. Area of South Sumatra coffee. South Sumatra.
[4]. Directorate General of Plantation. 2014. Statistics Indonesia Plantation. Jakarta
[5]. Gregory, M. 2000. Introduction to Economics Volume 1. Erland. Jakarta

ABSTRACT: Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P) are closely related to the reproductive abilities of ruminants, especially female cattle; calves, pregnant and dry cattle. Especially in pregnant cattle, these elements are used for fetal growth in addition to maintain the condition of the parent body. The levels of Ca and P in the blood of livestock are strongly influenced by the levels of Ca and P in plants and in the soil where the plants grow. The aim of the study was to determine the status of Ca and P minerals in balinese calves, pregnant and dry balinese cattle which were raised by farmers in the..........

Keywords: Calcium, Phosphorus, Female Balinese Cattle

[1] C. Velladurai, M. Selvaraju, RE. Napolean, Effects of Macro and Micro Minerals on Reproduction in Dairy Cattle a Review, International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2 (1), 2016, 68-70.
[2] Darmono, Penyakit Defisiensi Mineral pada Ternak Ruminansia dan Upaya Pencegahannya, Journal Litbang Pertanian, Balai Besar Penelitian Veteriner Bogor, Indonesia, 26(3), 2007, 104-108.
[3] K. Sudhir, KP. Anil, AR. Waquar, KD. Dinesh, Importance of Micro Minerals in Reproductive Performance of Livestock, Veterinary World, 4(5,) 2011, 230-233.
[4] JP. Goff, Horst, Physiological Changes at Parturition and Their Relationship to Metabolic Disorders, Journal of Dairy Science, 80(7), 1997, 1260-1268.
[5] N. Martinez, CA. Risco, FS. Lima, RS. Bisinotto, LF. Greco, ES. Ribeiro, F. Maunsell, KN. Galvao, JEP. Santos, Evaluation of Peripartal Calcium Status, Energetic Profile and Neutrophil Function in Dairy Cows at Low or High Risk of Developing Uterine Disease, Journal Dairy Science, 95, 2012, 7158-7172.

ABSTRACT: This study aims to analyze the effect of factors on rice demand and supply in North Sumatra Province. The data used are secondary data from 1988-2017. Processing data using the indirect last square (ILS) method with the help of eviews10 software program. The results of this study indicate that the retail price of rice, population, and per capita income have a significant effect on the demand for rice in North Sumatra Province. The rice price variable partially has a positive and not significant effect on the demand for rice in North Sumatra Province, while the variable population and per capita income partially have a positive and significant effect on the demand for rice in North Sumatra Province. The retail price of rice, population, and price of urea fertilizer have a significant effect on the supply of rice in North Sumatra Province. Variable retail prices of rice and population.........

Keywords: Rice, Demand, Supply, Price, Population

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