iosr-JCE   Volume-1 ~ Issue-3

ABSTRACT : Cost estimation of maintenance phase is necessary to predict the reliability, improve the productivity, project planning, controlling and adaptability of the software. Accurate estimation makes good understanding between the customer and user. Maintenance plays important role in various software developments like Iterative development, Agile development and Component Based Software Development (CBSD). In the recent year, software development turned into engineering through the introduction of Component Based Software Development. Though there are various models to estimate the maintenance cost of traditional software like COCOMO model, SLIM, Function Point (FP) model but till now there is no such model to estimate the maintenance cost of Component Based Software Development. In this kind of situation there is needed to develop a model to estimate the maintenance cost of Component-Based Software (CBS). This paper presents proposed basic maintenance cost estimation model for Component Based Software on the basis of COCOMO. This model is based on three parameters: Development cost of Component Based Software, ACT (Annual Change Traffic), Technical and Non-Technical factors which affect the maintenance cost of Component Based Software.
Keywords -ACT (Annual Change Traffic), Basic maintenance cost estimation model, Component-Based Software (CBS), Cost Estimation, Software Maintenance, Technical and Non-Technical Factors.

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[6] T. Wijayasiriwardhane, R. Lai, K. C. Kang, Effort estimation of component- based software development- a surveyIET Softw., vol. 5,2011, 216-228.
[7] K. Aggarwal, Yogesh Singh, Pravin Chandra and Manimala Puri, Measurement of software maintainability using a fuzzy Model,Journal of Computer Science, ISSN 1549-3636, 2005 Science Publications, 538-542.

ABSTRACT: The main objective of this paper is to detect an accident in which immediately help is required to driver and driver is not in position to inform any medical rescue team. In this kind of situation there is a need to develop such system which should inform automatically to medical rescue team that some accidents have taken place along with geo-graphical location. This paper proposed a method using various sensors for monitoring accidents and providing on spot medical facility.
Keywords – GPS, ITS, VANET, WSN

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_transportation_system.
[2] Mishra, T., Garg, D., Gore, M.M., A Publish/Subscribe Communication Infrastructure for VANET Applications,Journal Of Computing, VOL-3, 2011, pp. 442 - 446
[3] Sok-Ian Sou, Tonguz, O.K, Enhancing VANET Connectivity Through Roadside Units on Highways, Vehicular Technology, IEEE Transaction, Volume 60 , 2011, pp. 3586 - 3602.
[4] QiyuanPeng,Design of Expressway emergency Rescue Management System Based on the GIS-T, proceedings of International Conference on Transportation Engineering, 2009.
[5] Wang Jun, Chen Hong, Analysis on Reliability of Emergency Rescue System on Highway, proceedings of National Conference on Power and Energy Engineering, 2011, pp.1 – 5.
[6] Moreira N., Venda M. , Silva C. , Marcelino L. , Pereira, A. @Sensor - Mobile Application to Monitor a WSN, proceedings of 6th Iberian Conference onInformation Systems and Technologies (CISTI), 2011, pp. 1-6.
[7] Yu Xiao, Xiaoyan Cui, Hang Li, Teng Xi , A protocol simplifying mechanism for a WSN module, proceedings of International Conference on Electronics and Information Engineering (ICEIE), Vol-2, 2010, pp. 474-477.

ABSTRACT:Localization is one of the most fundamental problems in wireless sensor networks, since the locations of the sensor nodes are critical to both network operations and most application level tasks. To solve the localization problem for find out the location of sensor nodes in wireless sensor network, a Anchor based localization scheme for wireless sensor networks with energy efficiency is presented in this thesis. First, we develop a standardized clustering-based approach for the local coordinate system formation wherein a multiplication factor is introduced to regulate the number of cluster head nodes and neighbor nodes and the degree of connectivity among cluster head nodes. The algorithm operates asynchronously without a centralized controller; and in this algorithm location of the cluster heads be known a priori which are called anchor nodes. In this thesis to calculate the distance between the nodes triangulation technique is used. A simulation analysis on a specific numerical example is conducted for specifying the energy efficiency in finding the location by using anchor nodes. Experiments show that our algorithm beneficiary for less energy consumption.

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