IOSR-JHSS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-1 ~ Mar-Apr-2013

Abstract: Jhumpa Lahiri in her book The Namesake, now a major motion picture, unfolds the lives of Indians and Indian Americans struggling for adoption and assimilation of cultures. She displays the soul of the characters experiencing displacement, guilt, and fear, who are perplexed to balance their own tradition and culture with the new culture. They are at the crossroads of culture struggling hard to assimilate the cultures. No doubt, Jhumpa accepts that she has taken some bits and pieces of her stories from her own parents and even others, whom she knew growing up, she also admits that sometimes they are totally invented. In her interview with Bookforum, she confesses that:

[1] Dubey, Ashutosh. "Immigrant Experience in Jhumpa Lahiri‟s Interpreter of Maladies."
[2] Journal of Indian Writing in English 30.2(2002):22-6.
[3] Lahiri, Jhumpa. The Namesake. India: HarperCollins,2003.

Abstract: Globalization in India is generally taken to mean 'integrating' the economy of the country with the world economy. The real thrust to the globalization process was provided by the new economic policy introduced by the Government of India in July 1991. The Indian banking sector has emerged as one of the strongest drivers of India's economic growth. The Indian banking industry (US$ 1.22 trillion) has made an outstanding advancement in last few years, even during the times when the rest of the world was struggling with financial meltdown. India's economic development and financial sector liberalization have led to a transformation of the Indian banking sector over the past two decades. The Indian banking sector plays a key role in the economic development of nation. It has Rs.82,994 billion as total assets/liabilities. It collected deposits Rs.64,537 billion and sanctioned loans and advances Rs.50,346 billion in the year march 2012. The scheduled commercial banks were playing a key role in the economic development of India. The objectives of the research paper are to assess the Impact of globalization on scheduled commercial banks with reference to agriculture sector. The period for the analysis of the data has been taken for three decades i.e., from 1981-81 to 2010-11. Based on the secondary information it is analysed and concluded with suggestions.

Key words: Globalization, Scheduled Commercial Banks, Agriculture Sector Credit.

[1]. Indian Banking industry April 2012

[2]. Sonia & Dr.Rajeev kansal "Globalization and its impact on SSI in India" PCMA journal of business, vol-1, no.2, June 2009

[3]. Basic statistical returns of Scheduled commercial banks in India

[4]. RBI Reports 2012 and volume-31, March 2002 [5]. www.wikipedia.org

Abstract: The study focused on the accessibility of cassava farmers to agricultural information in Delta State. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 146 cassava farmers. Data collected through structured questionnaire were analysed using frequency counts, percentages and logit regression analysis. Findings revealed that the Ministry of Agriculture, friends and neighours, radio and television were major sources of information to respondents. Majority had access to information on available market for produce (45.2%), produce price (48.8%), input price (37.0%), improved cassava varieties (50.7%), fertilizer type (43.2%) and fertilizer application (46.6%). Inferential statistics revealed that education (t=2.522), association membership (t=2.275) and extension contact (t=2.080) had a significant influence on respondents access to agricultural information. It is recommended that ADP should be adequately funded to bridge the gap between researchers and farmers while adult education and membership of association should be encouraged among peasant farmers in Delta State.

Key words: Cassava; Farmers; Socio-economic; Access; Agricultural information; Delta State.

[1] Adebayo, K. Anyanwu, A.C and Dsiyale, A.O. (2003): Perception of environmental issues by cassava processors in Ogun State, Nigeria – Implications for environmental extension education: Journal of Extension systems 19:103 – 112.
[2] Adekunle, A.A., Ononiwu, G., Ogunyika, O., Chugbo, C. (2002): Agricultural information dissemination in Abia State: An audience survey. IITA Report, Ibadan Nigeria.
[3] Adesoje, S.A., Farinde, A.J. and Ajayi, A.O. (2006): Determinants of training needs of Fadama farmers in Osun State, Nigeria and implication for extension workers. Journal for applied Sciences 6(15): 3082–3088.
[4] Akinloye, J.F., and Banji, O.A. (2005): Role of Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Commodity Associations (CAs) and Non-Governmental Activities in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension society of Nigeria (AESON).PP 208 – 218.
Empirical Analysis of Cassava Farmers Socio – Economic Characteristics and Their Access to
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[5] Banmeke, T.O.A and Olowu, T.A. (2005): Accessibility of women farmers to agricultural information in South Western Nigeria. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension 34 (2): 237 – 246.
[6] Chris, G., (2001): Agricultural knowledge and information system in Hagaz, Eritres. International and Rural Development department. The University of Reading, United Kingdom http:llwww.fao.org/sd /2001 /kn1001a- en.htm. assessed 12th December, 2008.
[7] Ekong, E.E. (2003): An Introduction to Rural Sociology. Second edition, Dove educational publishers, 80 Wellington Bassey, Uyo. Nigeria.
[8] Food and Agricultural Organisation (2000): Marketing Extension Guide 2: Understanding and using market information. FAO of the United Nations, Rome.
[9] ICS-Nigeria (2007): Information and Communication Support for Agricultural Growth in Nigeria http:llwww.ics-nigeria.org.
[10] International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (2004): Nigeria's Cassava Industry: Statistical Handbook, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Abstract: The study measures farm level technical efficiency among paddy of Hailakandi district of Assam on the basis of farm level primary data of 265 cultivators for the cropping season of 2010-11. A translog stochastic production frontier is estimated and selected non-input factors are assumed to explain farm level variations in technical inefficiency. Among the non-input factors age and education levels of the cultivator have positive influences on technical efficiency. However indebtedness and percentage of self consumption of farm turn out have negative influences. Government support through agricultural department has an insignificant impact on technical efficiency. Proportion of land leased in by the cultivator has a positive impact on technical efficiency. Decreasing returns to scale is apparent from the parameter estimates. Mean technical efficiency is found to be around 63 percent. The study observes negative association between farmers' distress and the level of technical efficiency.

Keywords: Decreasing return to scale, Hailakandi, Non-input factors, Technical efficiency, Translog stochastic production frontier

[1] Wadud, A. Md. and White, B., The determinants of technical inefficiency of farms in Bangladesh, Indian Economic Review, 2, 2002, 183-97.

[2] Kalirajan, K. and Shand, R. T., A generalized measure of technical efficiency, Applied Economics, 21, 1989, 25-34.

[3] Kalirajan, K. and Flinn, J. C., The measurement of farm specific efficiency, Pakistan Journal of Applied Economics, 2, 1983, 167-80. [4] Ali, M. and Flinn, J. C., Profit efficiency among Basmati rice producers in Pakistan Punjab, American Journal of Agriculture Economics, 71, 1989, 303-30.

[5] Coelli, T. and Battese, G. E., Identification of factors which influence the technical inefficiency of Indian farmers, Australian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 40, 1996, 103-128.

[6] Heshmati, A and Kumbhakar, S. C., Estimation of technical efficiency in Swedish crop farms, A pseudo panel data approach, Journal of Agriculture Economics, 48, 1997, 22-37.

[7] Kumbhakar, S. C. and Bhattacharya, A., Price distortion and resource use efficiency in Indian agricultural: A restricted profit function approach', Review of Economics and Statistics, 74, 1992, 221-39.

[8] Bagi, F. S. and Huang, C. J. Estimating production technical efficiency for individual farms tennessee, Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 3(2), 1983, 249-256.

[9] Bhattacharyya, A., Kumbakar, S. C. and Bhattacharyya, A., Ownership structure and cost efficiency: A study of publicly owned passenger bus transportation companies in India, Journal of Productivity Analysis, 6(1), (April), 1995, 47-62.

[10], [18], [19], [23] & [24] Kumbhakar, S. C., Ghosh, S. and McGuckin, T. J., A generalized production frontier approach for estimating determinants of inefficiency in U.S. dairy farms, Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 9( 3), 1991, 287-96

Abstract: For the development of an economy it is necessary that its human resource is educated. But a healthy mind also needs a healthy body. They being the foundational core stones of human development form an essential element of child right. Even Article 21 and 21A of Constitution of India guarantees Right to food and free and compulsory education respectively a fundamental right of every child accentuating this reality. In recent decades, the importance of education along with proper nutrition has been reflected in increased budgetary allocations to basic education, compulsory schooling legislation, and widespread media attention to education and developmental issues This paper basically focuses upon Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Mid-day meal scheme, the two most prevalent welfare schemes of the Indian villages. In this paper the budgetary allocations and utilization of funds for village Uperwara towards child education and nutrition has been unveiled and their detailed analysis has been done. Its effects on child development has been analysed through secondary data. Henceforth conclusion has been drawn.

Keywords: child welfare, child rights, United Nations Convention on Rights of the Child, Article 21,Article 21A, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan , Mid-day meal scheme, Secondary data

[1] IMF (2008). World Economic Outlook Database. (Washington, DC, International Monetary Fund, April 2008).
[2] UNDP, 2010-2011, Human Development Report (New York, United Nations Development Programme) http://hdr.undp.org.
[3] Census of India 2001&2011(http://www.censusindia.net/results/)
[4] Government of India, Ministry of Rural Development http://rural.nic.in/book01-02/ch-2.pdf. See also http://rural.nic.in/book00-01/ch-2.pdf.
[5] Government of India. Child Development. Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Women and Child Development (http://wcd.nic.in/)
[6] Chandrasekhar S. and Abhiroop Mukhopadhyay. 2006, September. ―Primary Education as a Fundamental Right, Cost Implications‖. Economic and Political Weekly. 41 (35): 3797-3804.
[7] India, Gazette of. 2009. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009. Government Report, New Delhi: Government of India Press.
[8] Mukherjee, Anit N. and Tapas K. Sen. 2007. Universalising Elementary Education: An Assessment of the Role of the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan. National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.
[9] Baru, Rama et al (2008): Full Meal or Package Deal?, Economic and Political Weekly, 14 June
[10] Parikh, Kalpana and Yasmeen, Summiya (2004): Groundswell for mid-day meal scheme, India Together.

Abstract: The study examined cassava farmers' limitations and utilization of agricultural information in Delta State. A multi–stage sampling technique was used to select 146 cassava farmers across the state. Data collected through structured questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's rho correlation. Findings revealed that respondents' had access to information on available market for produce, produce price, input price, improved cassava varieties, fertilizer type and fertilizer application. It was also observed that respondents utilize this information in their farm enterprise. The study identified poor communication, wrong communication channels and inadequate fund and epileptic power supply as major constraints associated with accessing agricultural information. A test of significance between information access and utilization showed that information on pest control method, disease control method, processing equipment and packaging were significant

Key words: Agricultural Information, Cassava farmers, Delta State, Limitations Utilisation.

[1] Abolaji D.D, Siyanbola, W. O, Oladele, O. A. and Isiaka A. O. (2007): Capacity innovations in cassava production, harvesting and processing in Nigeria. http:llwww.nigeriainvestment.com /story.php. assess April, 2009.
[2] Chris, G., (2001): Agricultural knowledge and information system in Hagaz, Eritres. International and Rural Development Department. The University of Reading, United Kingdom http:llwww.fao.org/sd/2001/kn1001a- en.htm. assessed 12th December, 2008.
Cassava Farmers LIMITATIONS And Utilization Of Agricultural Information In Delta State,
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[3] Fabiyi, E.F. (2001): Source of information on new farm practices; A case study of farmers in Dass Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria. Proceedings of the seventh annual national conference of the Agricultural Extension Society of Nigeria 19th – 22nd August, 2001 144-146.
[4] Food and Agricultural Organisation (2007): Communication for development. http:llwww.fao.org/nrlcom.en.htm.
[5] Food Agricultural Organisation (2007): Approaches to linking Producers to market, A review of experiences to date. FAO of the United Nations, Rome.
[6] Omokhudu, C.O. (1999); A study of various agencies communicating agricultural information among selected farmers in Owan East Local Government Area of Edo State. Proceedings of the fifth annual national conference of the Agricultural Society of Nigeria. 12th – 14th April, 99 –105.
[7] Ozowa, V.N. (2004): Information Needs of Small Scale Farmers in Africa. The Nigeria Example. Quarterly Bulletin of the International Association of Agricultural Information Specialist, IAALD/CABI, vol. 40 No 1 PP 22 – 30.
[8] Wikipedia, (2006): Demographics of Nigeria. http:llen.wikipedia.org/ wiki/demographics-of-nigeria. William, C.E.C.(1989): women in Nigeria agriculture, A Discussant paper presented at the National Symposium on the Nigeria Question December 11–13.

Abstract: Homelessness seems to have been rising throughout the world. Over 100 million people live without shelter (almost one third of the world's population) and the harder truth is that over 11 million children live on the streets. There have been shelter homes and facilities for the homeless children in India started by both government and non-governmental organization. This study investigates the facilities and care rendered by the institutions in Tiruchirappalli city in Tamil Nadu, India. The study also points out lacunas in the institution for the homeless. The study pleads for better facility of the homeless because every child has the right to lead a life, free from discrimination, inequality and exploitation. This is the key to our residential care and foremost to nation building.

Keywords – Homelessness, Residential Care, Vulnerable Children, Homeless Children, Child Care

[1] Christensen, S.K. (ed). 2002. A Tool Kit on Child Rights Programming. Copenhagen: Save the Children, Denmark.
[2] Connolly, M., and J. Ennew. 1996. Children out of place: special issue on working and street children. Childhood 3(2). May.
[3] Consortium for Street Children. 2001a. Advocacy Workshop Report. London: Consortium for Street Children.
[4] D‟Souza b., Castelino l., Madangopal D., (2002). A Demographic Profile of Street Children in Mumbai, Shelter Don Bosco Research And Documentation Center, Mumbai.
[5] Glenn Miles & Paul Stephenson, Children in Residential Care and Alternatives, (Tearfund: 2001) 9.
[6] Kacker, L, et al (2007), Study on Child Abuse: India 2007, p 38-39. Ministry of Women and Child Development, Government of India, [Online] Available at: http://wcd.nic.in/childabuse.pdf. [Accessed 19 July 2009].
[7] Shrivastava M, (1995). Drug abuse amongst street children. Perspective in Social Work, 10(1): 11-17.
[8] Stonge, James H. ed. (1992). Educating Homeless Children and Adolescents: Evaluating Policy and Practice. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. .
[9] UNESCO/ICCB. 1995. Working with Street Children: Selected Case Studies from Africa, Asia and Latin America. Paris: UNESCO and ICCB (International Catholic Children‟s Bureau).
[10] UNICEF. 2002. UNICEF calls Global Response to Children Orphaned by AIDS Grossly Inadequate. Press Release, 2 December 2002.

Abstract: SEZ refers to Special Economic Zone, literally mean geographically demarcated region that has economic laws that are more liberal than the country‟s typical economic laws and where all the units therein have specific privileges. SEZs are specifically delineated duty-free enclaves and are deemed to be foreign territory for the purposes of trade operations, duties and tariffs.1

Key words: SEZ, FDI, Employment, Export and EPZ

[1] Aggarwal Aradhana (2004). Export Processing Zones in India: Analysis of the Export Performance. - Working Paper No. 148. New Delhi: ICRIER.
[2] Aggarwal, Aradhna (2006), "Special Economic Zones:Revisiting the Policy Debate‟, Economic and Political Weekly, November 4, pp. 4533-4536.
[3] Arora, O P (2003). Compilation of Circulars on EPZ/SEZ/EOU issued by CBEC, DGFT & RBI. Published byM/s Anmkur Arora Associates.
[4] Bhandari, Anup Kumar and Pradip Maiti (2007). Efficiency of Indian Manufacturing Firms: Textile Industry as a Case Study. International Journal of Business and Economics, 6 (1): 71-88.
[5] Bhavani T (1991). Technical Efficiency of Indian Small Scale Sectors: An Application of Frontier Production Function. Indian Economic Review. 26 (2): 149-166
[6] Goldar, B, V S Ranganathan and R Banga (2003). Ownership and Efficiency in Engineering Firms in Indian, 1990-91 to 1999-2000. ICRIER working Paper No. 115.
[7] Grasset, Jeremy and Frederic Landy (2007). Special Economic Zones in India–Between International Integration and Real Estate Speculation. Man and Development , 29 (4): 63-74.
[8] IIFT (1990). Exports Processing Zones in India: A Case Study of Kandla Free Trade Zone. Indian Institute of Foreign Trade Occasional Paper. New Delhi.
[9] Kambhampati Uma S (2003). Trade Reforms and Efficiency of Firms in India. Oxford Development Studies, 31(2): 219-33.
[10] Kumar, Ranjan (2006), "SEZ: Capturing me Foreign Market‟,Southern Economist, September, Vol. 45.

Abstract: This paper is aims to evaluation the best type of construction of the regional road in Indonesia, which passes through a criticalgeometric conservation area where it is a barrier to improve development. This study consists of the following steps:1)Invited community members to participate and applied an Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP) approach,2)Calculation of CO2 emissions with the estimation by using results of some of the literature published,3) Evaluation of the efficiency of economic resources based on: a) Benefit cost analysis, b) Net Present Value analysis,c) Internal Rate of Return analysis. The results showed that the public starts to pay attention for their quality of life and the environmental effect caused by their development activity. Finally, some recommendations are given for future improvement.

Keywords: Analytic Hierarchy Process, CO2 Emissions, Decision, Efficiency of Economic Evaluation, Public Participation

[1] Glover, R Donald and Simon, L Julian.,Journal of Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol 23 no. 3.www.jstor.org/discover (the University of Chicago Press), 1975.

[2] Hemanta., Xiao-Hua., Modeling Multi-Criteria decision analysis for benchmarking management practices in project management,International Conference On Information Technology In Construction, 2008.

[3] Kato et al, A Life Cycle Assessment for Evaluating Environmental Impact of Inter-Regional High-Speed Mass Transit Projects, Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, vol. 6, 2005,pp 3211-3224.

[4] Miyata et al, Rural Sustainable Development by Constructing New Roads in Advanced Country: A Case Study of San-en Region in Japan, 2008.

[5] Saaty, T.L., Multicriteria decision making: The analytic hierarchy process, British Library, USA, 1988.

[6] Saaty, T.L., How to make a decision: The analytic hierarchy process, European Journal of Operational Research 48 (1990) 9-26,North-Holland.

[7] Tudela, Alejandro., Akiki, N., Cisternas, R., Comparing the output of cost benefit and multi-criteria analysis an application to urban transport investment, Journal of Transportation Research Part A 40, 2006, 414–423.

Abstract: The enclave problem is highlighted mainly as a political problem rather the social, economic and human rights related problems of the enclave people in previous researches. The present study tries to find out the present socio-economic condition and status of government services. Another important focus of the study was to understand the perceptions of the people on exchanging the enclaves between the two countries. Questionnaire survey was the main method of data collection. The study finds that the living standard of the enclave people has improved after the full time access through the Indian corridor to the mainland. Government services like education, medical facilities, electricity and other basic facilities are now expanding. Regarding the exchange of enclaves, the people of Angorpota- Dohogram are united and they are not interested to be the citizen of India whatever their living standard and sufferings and they expect a permanent solution to end their inhuman condition of statelessness.

Key words- Angorpota-Dohogram, Bangladesh, Enclave, Exchange, Socio-economic

[1]. DK Illustrated Oxford Dictionary. (2003). ed. Metcalf, Jonathan & Thompson, Della Dorling Kindersley Ltd. and Oxford University Press, UK.

[2] Whyte, B. R. (2002). 'Waiting for the esquimo: An historical and documentary study of the Cooch Behar enclaves of India and Bangladesh'. The School of Anthropology, Geography and Environmental Studies, The University of Melbourne.

[3] Whyte, B. R. (2002). 'The Cooch Behar Enclaves of India and Bangladesh: An Historical Overview and Determination of Their Number, area and Population'. Oriental Geographer. vol. 46, No. 2. Dhaka.

[4] Willem van Schendel (2002). 'Stateless in South Asia: The Making of the India-Bangladesh Enclaves'. The Journal of Asian Studies, 61, No. 1.Feb. 2002.

[5] The Daily Prothom-Alo, 18 August 2011

[6] Robbani. M Ghulam (2011) 'Chit Mahaler Manush: Rastrohinotar Etibritto'. Protichinta: a quarterly Journal on Society, Economy and State, October-December issue, 2011; Dhaka.

[7] Rabbani, M. G. (2007). 'Stateless in South Asia: Living in Bangladesh-India Enclave' in I. Ahmed (ed) Theoretical Perspectives, Centre for Alternatives, v-12 & 13

[8] bdnews24.com, Jun 30th, 2010 and The Daily Star. November 20, 2010

[9] Bangla News 24. September 6th 2011

[10] The Daily Star, 20 October 2011

Abstract: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi is internationally venerated for his doctrine. His philosophies of truth, non-violence, satyagrah, untouchability etc are alive and blossoming day by day, even after the 60 years of his death. In the present paper an attempt has been made to explore the Gandhian scholars, who are actively engaged in analysing the different facets of Gandhi. This work focuses on the periodical literature published on Gandhi till 2010 in English Language. There were 6175 articles contributed by 3803 authors. He is internationally acknowledged is clearly reflected by the fact that among the three contributors, at third position is Thomas weber from Australia.

KEYWORDS: Mahatma Gandhi, Gandhiana, Bibliometric study, Periodical Literature,

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[2]. Chun, Kyungmi (1999). Korean Studies in North America 1977 -1996: A bibliometric study, University of North Texas (unpublished).
[3]. Rana, Madan Singh (2010). Scientometric study of wild mammal research in India: Authorship, distribution and research. Germany: Lambert Academic Publishing.
[4]. Sahu, Sada Bihari (2012). A Bibliometric study on strategic management. SSDN Publisher & Distributors. ISBN: 978-93-811-760-09.
[5]. Rajneesh (2012). A scientrometric study of computer science with special reference to literature published by association for computing machinery (ACM) Banasthali Vidyapith(unpublished work).