iosr-JMCE   Volume-17 ~ Issue-3 ~ may - June 2020

Abstract: Air pollution in cities is caused by motorized and factory activities. Increased pollutant gases cause climate change and the greenhouse effect. Therefore it is necessary to control it. One way is to use a wet scrubber on a motor vehicle and industrial exhausts. The purpose of this study is to reduce motor vehicle exhaust emissions. This research varies the diameter and wet scrubber sprayer on the muffler. The results showed that the more sprayers with smaller diameters the HC gas levels decreased by 11.53%, while the CO2 levels decreased by 1.04% (number = 3, diameter 200 um at 3000 rpm).

Key Word: Wet scrubber;Sprayer Number; Sprayer diameter;Exhaust Emissions

[1]. Y. S. H. Najjar, "Gaseous Pollutants Formation and Their Harmful Effects on Health and Environment," Innov. Energy Policies, vol. 1, pp. 1–9, 2011, doi: 10.4303/iep/e101203.
[2]. H. S. K, "Analysis of Exhaust Emissions from Gasoline Powered Vehicles in a Sub-urban Indian Town," Int. Res. J. Environ. Sci., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 37–42, 2013.
[3]. L. Nerhagen, S. Janhäll, and S. N. R. and T. R. I. (VTI), "Exhaust emissions and environmental classifications of cars: what indicators are relevant according to external cost calculations?," Vti Notat, no. 3A-2015, p. 34, 2015.
[4]. M. Dziubiński, "Testing of exhaust emissions of vehicles combustion engines," Environ. Eng. V - Proc. 5th Natl. Congr. Environ. Eng., pp. 305–310, 2017, doi: 10.1201/9781315281971-43.
[5]. P. J. Villegas, "Preliminary Study of Activated Carbon Filters for Pollutants Removal in Diesel Engines," Int. J. Sustain. Energy Environ. Res., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 31–45, 2016, doi: 10.18488/journal.13/2016.5.2/13.2.31.45..

Abstract: This paper is intended to put forth a new approach to robot design that is centered around Parallel Link Manipulator. Parallel Link Manipulator is a challenging but equally rewarding field of research. It can prove to be the remedy for the long-standing problem of low "Lifting Weight to Robot Weight Ratio‟. The very large size of actuators inserial link manipulators for heavy lifting is also a problem. Very heavy construction is required for heavy lifting purposes. In this paper we propose a new parallel link manipulator design to work as normal operating robot in warehouse and factories. We also present its forward and inverse kinematics with static structural analysis for testing the maximum......

Key words: Lifting Capacity to body weight ratio, Parallel Link Manipulators, Forward Kinematics, Inverse Kinematics, Static Structural Analysis, Manipulability

[1]. Griffis, M. and Duffy, J. (1989), A forward displacement analysis of a class of stewart platforms. J. Robotic Syst., 6: 703-720. doi:10.1002/rob.4620060604
[2]. Zhang, X., Mills, J.K. & Cleghorn, W.L. Dynamic Modeling and Experimental Validation of a 3-PRR Parallel Manipulator with Flexible Intermediate Links. J Intell Robot Syst 50, 323–340 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-007-9167-4
[3]. P. J. Parikh and S. S. Y. Lam, "A hybrid strategy to solve the forward kinematics problem in parallel manipulators," in IEEE Transactions on Robotics, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 18-25, Feb. 2005.
[4]. Tsai LW. (1996) Kinematics of A Three-Dof Platform with Three Extensible Limbs. In: Lenarčič J., Parenti-Castelli V. (eds) Recent Advances in Robot Kinematics. Springer, Dordrecht
[5]. K. Cleary and T. Brooks, "Kinematic analysis of a novel 6-DOF parallel manipulator," [1993] Proceedings IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Atlanta, GA, USA, 1993, pp. 708-713 vol.1.

Abstract: Background: Climate change is a scientifically proven phenomenon and affects many major industries all over the world. Due to climate change, the weather in India becomes difficult to predict. Now climate change is considered to possess a major challenge to the construction industry. Climate change has a strong impact on different phases of project life cycle like design, construction, and performance of buildings, equipment, machinery and workers. Hence, there is a need to investigate methods that will allow the construction to progress with minimum damage during bad....

Key Word: Climate change, Construction, Weather, Project Lifecycle, India.

[1]. Abdullah M Alzahrani and Abdel Halim Boussabaine, "The Association between Climate Change Scenarios and Risks on theBuilding Sector", Sustainable Building conference, 2013.
[2]. Climate of India, Wikipedia. Available from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_India. [Accessed on 21th April 2020]
[3]. Climate Change Impact on Buildings and Constructions, Available from: https://en.klimatilpasning.dk/sectors/buildings/climate-change-impact-on-buildings/ [Accessed on 5th November 2019]
[4]. David Friedberg, 2017. Climate Change and Construction. Construction Business Owner, Available From: https://www.constructionbusinessowner.com/technology/climate-change-andconstruction [Accessed on 5th November 2019].
[5]. G. H. Galbraith, J. S. Jugo and R. C. McLeen, "The effect of temperature on the moisture permeability of building materials", Building Research and Information, 2014, pp.245–259, doi.org/10.1080/09613210050073706

Abstract: Background:Shear wall and core wall are components applied in the high story structures to resist lateral force in high seismic zones, now utilized in zone II and also zone III to restrain against earthquake loads. Shear wall and core wall both are similar. Shear wall is considered as a linear wall which is provided at the edges of buildings. Core wall is provided at the center of the building. Core wall is combination of shear walls. Materials and Methods: In this paper study of 10 story, 15 story and 20 story building analyzed with different lateral resistance applied with similar structural parameters and dimensions with linear static method and comparison of analysis results with shear wall, core wall and concrete frame building......

Key Word: Shear Wall, Core Wall, Optimum Location

[1]. Duggal, S. K. Earth quake resistant design of structure.
[2]. Ghoreishiamiri, S. M. (November 2012). Effect of Reinforce Concrete Core Shear Wall on relative drift and torsion stiffness of reinforced concrete tall buildings . : https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309770712.
[3]. K Venkatesh PG student, D. O. ( 2017, January ). Study Of Seismic Effect Of HIGH Rise Building Shear wall/Wall Without Shear Wall. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), 08(01).
[4]. Rama Krishna Kolli, L. N. ( 2019, April). Experiemental Investigation and Analysis on Shear Walls. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering(IJRTE), 07(6C2).
[5]. Rao.kondapalli, M. S. (2018 , JULY). Optimum location of a shear wall in a R.C building.International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology, 09(07).

Abstract: The accurate measurement of multiphase flows of oil/water/gas is a critical element of oil exploration and production. Thus, over the last three decades; the development and deployment of in-line multiphase flow
metering systems has been a major focus worldwide. In this paper an ultrasonic slug flow metering concept has been proposed and investigated. Itaims to measure the flow rates of the liquid and gas phases from ultrasonic
measurements made in slug flow regime to obtain good measurement accuracy. This employs ultrasonic raw signal Doppler (with in house signal processing) method combined with a flash-mounted conductivity ring. This
approach has been tested on water/air flows in a 50mm diameter pipe facility in the School of Engineering in Cranfield University. The water and gas flowrate measurements using the proposed technique were compared
with a reference measurement and a good agreement between these two measurements was obtained with an error  15 % compared to a reference flowmeter. The gas measurement was within  10 % of the measurement
made using a reference flowmeter.....

Key Word: ultrasonic Doppler flowmeter, Doppler raw signal, multiphase flow, signal analysis

........

Abstract: In this present work gas turbine is operated by power obtained from solar photovoltaic modules and PEM(polymer electrolyte membrane) fuel cell for obtaining 1 MW power. Air at ambient temperature of Kolkata city, India enters the compressor. The air is compressed in compressor and sent to combustion chamber. In combustion chamber air is heated to 1000K from power obtained by solar photovoltaic modules with current of 100 A after passing through 50 ohm resistance throughout the day and year. During day time solar photovoltaic modules generates current and the required current goes to combustion chamber through charge controller and inverter.......

Key Word: Combustion chamber; Central Electronics Limited Make PM 150;Electrolyzer; PEM(polymer electrolyte membrane

[1]. Raugei M, Bargigli S, Ulgiati S. A multi-criteria life cycle assessment of molten carbonate fuel cells (MCFC)—a comparison to natural gas turbines. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2005; 30(2):123-130.
[2]. Aravind P V, Woudstra T, Woudstra N, Spliethoff H. Thermodynamic evaluation of small-scale systems with biomass gasifiers, solid oxide fuel cells with Ni/GDC anodes and gas turbines .Journal of Power Sources. 2009; 190(2): 461-475.
[3]. Amorelli A, Wilkinson M B, Bedont P, Capobianco P, Marcenaro B, Parodi F, Torazza. An Experimental Investigation Into the Use of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells to Capture CO2 from Gas Turbine Exhaust Gases. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies 1 – 4 October 2002, Kyoto, Japan.
[4]. Ayagh H G, Walzak J, Patel D, Daly J, Maru H, Sanderson R, Livingood W.2005 State of direct fuel cell/turbine systems development. Journal of Power Sources. 2005; 152: 219-225.
[5]. Costamagna P, Magistri L, Massardo A F.Design and part-load performance of a hybrid system based on a solid oxide fuel cell reactor and a micro gas turbine. Journal of Power Sources.2001; 96(2): 352-368.

Abstract: Energy is essential for the creation of wealth and improvement of social welfare; this means that adequate and reliable supply of energy is required to ensure sustainable development.The textile industry is one of the major energy consuming industries and retains a record of the lowest efficiency in energy utilization but energy consumption is in increasing trend, due to modernized machines and continuous usage of the equipments in inefficient operating parameters. The energy cost is around 15 % to 20 % over the production cost and it stands next to raw material cost. So now a day's area of focus is towards energy consumption at load end and by optimizing the efficiency of the mills. Most of the textile mills have several common features and therefore if the key features for conserving energy are identified then it is quite possible that these can be replicated to the other plants as well. In our research paper we investigated the comprehensive overview of the present energy management strategies in the Ethiopian textile industry and the Implementation Strategies and barriers of Energy Conservation Management Technologies and the driving forces for the implementation of energy efficiency measure.

Key words- Energy Efficiency, Implementation Strategies, Textile mills

[1]. Abdelaziz E.A, R. Saidur, S. Mekhilef, A review on energy saving strategies in industrial sector, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15 (1) (2011), 150–168.
[2]. Ali Hasanbeigi, Energy-efficiency improvement opportunities for the textile industry, China energy group, energy Analysis department, Environmental energy technologies division: Berkeley lab, China, 2010.
[3]. Chandran K, P. Muthukumaraswamy, SITRA Energy audit–Implementation strategy in textile mills, The south India textile research association, Coimbatore, 2002.
[4]. Chang L, Tang ZX, Wang X, Effect of yarn hairiness on energy consumption in rotating a ring-spun yarn package, Textile Research Journal 73 (11) (2003), 73:949.
[5]. Drumma C, J. Buschb, W. Dietricha, J. Eickmansb, A. Jupke, STRUCT- Energy efficiency management for the process industry, Chemical Engineering and Processing, 67 (spl. issue) (2013),

Abstract: This paper aims to examines and establish the relationship between critical success factors (CSFs) of total quality management (TQM), strategic goal and organizational performance. Using key enablers and drivers collectively said CSFs as measures, the suggested model appraises three dimensions of performance: financial, non-financial and operational. A total of 500 questionnaires have been distributed to a FMCGs company in India and effective sample of 165 usable completed surveys (33.0 percent usable response rate). Statistical analysis and correlation were used to predict and estimate the relationship. The model was assessed using Analysis of Moment Structure (AMOS) based Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings showed that TQM practices have a significant impact on financial and operational performance.

Keywords: Critical Success Factors, CSFs, Performance, Total Quality Management, TQM, FMCGs

[1]. Adam, E.E., Jr, ―Alternative quality improvement practices
[2]. and organization performance‖, Journal of Operations Management, Vol.12, 1994, pp. 27-44.
[3]. Al-Marri, K., Ahmed, A. M. M. B., & Zairi, M., ―Excellence in service: An empirical study of the UAE banking sector‖, International Journal of Quality and Reliability Management, Vol.24, 2007, 164–176.
[4]. Boynton, A. C., & Zmud, R. W., ―An assessment of critical success factors‖, Sloan Management Review, 1984, Vol.25(4), pp.17-27.
[5]. Bush CT. Nursing research. Virginia: Reston Publishing Company; 1985.

Abstract: Reinforced concrete is an inherent material for construction of structural components. Concrete parameters directly affect its utilization for engineering works. However, Reinforced slab of 5mm x 450 x 450mm with BRC mesh and cover of 25mm were cast with river sand and compressed stabilized laterite for designed compaction loads of 6 N/mm² and 8 N/mm². The materials were tested for initial moisture content, and further sieve analysis and compaction test. All mixtures were maintained at moisture content of 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, and 18% respectively and water/cement ratio of 0.55. The main property investigated was the flexural properties for 7days, 14days, 21days and 28days respectively. With 6 N/mm² load, the values for reinforced slab with river sand are 3.09x10......

Keywords: Reinforced Concrete, Flexural Strength, Compressed Stabilized Laterite, River Sand, Structure

[1]. Abebe, D. A textbook of building construction, Addis Ababa University Press, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 2007
[2]. Alagbe, O. A. Prospects and Challenges of Compressed Stabilized Laterite Bricks in Enhancing Sustainable Housing Development in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development and Environmental Protection.2011; 1(3)
[3]. Likhil, LR, Kulkarni, DB. Torsional Strengthening of Under Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Crimped Steel Fiber. International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology.2014;3(6)
[4]. Osula, DOA.A Comparative Evaluation of Cement And Lime Modification of Laterite Soil, Engineering Geology.1996; 42.71-81.
[5]. Rigassi, V. Compressed Earth Blocks: Manual of Production. Eschborn, Germany: Gate Publication. 1995; (1).

Abstract: This paper shows forecasting practices in supply chain management (SCM) in a variety of industries, particularly in the areas of life sciences, retail chain and consumer products. This paper also presents the scenario of forecasting practices based on secondary data and represent the role of SCM, demand management, collaborative coordination, etc. Accordingly, highlighted in in-depth analysis is presented that opens up new limits to potential researchers and professionals for the use of forecasting techniques. In this paper a fuzzy adaptive extreme learning model is proposed for demand forecasting of shoe sale.

Keywords: Supply Chain Management, Fuzzy logic, ELM, Forecasting

[1]. Tomas Eloy Salais-Fierro, Jania Astrid Saucedo-Martinez "Demand Prediction Using a Soft-Computing Approach: A Case Study of Automotive Industry" 10(3), 829, 2020.
[2]. Chandraul, V. singh, &barode, S. kumar., "A Review on Demand and Forecasting in Supply Chain Management", IJOSTHE, 5(5), 2018. Retrieved from https://ijosthe.com/index.php/ojssports/article/view/76.
[3]. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24113/ojssports.v5i5.76.
[4]. Ping-HuanKuo, "A High Precision Artificial Neural Networks Model for Short-Term Energy Load Forecasting" 16 January 2018.
[5]. ShubhamBhadouria, ArvindJayant "Development of ANN Models for Demand Forecasting" Volume-6, Issue-12, pp-142-147 2017..

Abstract: Makassar Container Terminal functions as trade logistics for both exports and imports. The dwelling time in Makassar Container Terminal currently reaches 4.09 days while the target set by the government is 3.5 days. This study aims to determine the factors causing dwelling time in Makassar Container Terminal. Data were analyzed using the Relative Index (RI) method. The results showed that the main factors causing dwelling time were posted clearance factor with the RI value of 0.728, preclearance factor with the RI value of 0.593, and customs clearance factor with the RI value of 0.487. In the post-clearance stage, the most influential sub-factors were importers/business actors with an approval rate of 87.33% and port operators with an approval level of 85.33%. In the pre-clearance stage, the influencing factor is the behavior of the entrepreneurs who hoard goods with an agreement level of 63.33%. It was concluded that because business operators/importers prefer to hoard their imported containers in the temporary stacking field, the port should increase parking fees and container fines and maximize equipment..

Keywords: Dwelling time, Relative Index, container, terminal

[1]. Adisasmita, S.A., 2011. Transportation and Regional Development. Yogyakarta. Graha Science.
[2]. UNCTAD. 2012. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2012). Review of Maritime Transport 2012. UNCTAD: Geneva.
[3]. World Bank. (2011). Why Cargo Dwell Time Matters In Trade. Washington D. C.
[4]. Koley, S., Datta, B., dan Mukherjee, S. 2016. Reducing Dwell time Related to Clearing and Forwarding of Export and Import Goods at Kolkata Sea and Air Ports. Foreign Trade Review, 51(4), 98–327.
[5]. Moini, Nadereh, Boile, Maria. Theofanis, Sotiris. and Lafenthal, William. 2012. Estimating the Determinant Factors of Container Dwell Time's at Seaports. Maritime Economics and Logistics, Vol. 14, 2, 162–177

Abstract: Waste is a heterogeneous combination of organic and inorganic constituents. Management and disposal of such waste is a complex problem in most of the developing and developed countries. Improper methods of waste disposal may lead to major issues such as pollution of land on which it is disposed, creates health hazards in people living in the vicinity of the dumpsite, contamination of ground water, streams, rivers and other aqua bodies. With the development and expansion of the cities the waste lands and dump yards are acquired for construction of various structures. Construction on a dump site is a challenge, as the disposal of waste deteriorates the strength and stability parameters of the soil. In order to undertake construction on such a site, the soil has to be first tested for the geotechnical properties. Suitable stabilisation method has to be undertaken to improve the strength of the dumpsite soil.......

Key Word: Contaminated soil; landfill; dumpsite; Bottom ash; soil pollution; stabilization.

[1]. Ayininuola G M (2014), "Decomposed soil waste impact on soil shear strength and California bearing ratio". IOSR journal of mechanical and civil engineering, volume 11, issue 3, version 7 (may – june 2014).
[2]. Beena K S et al (2011), "Geotechnical characteristics of leachate – contaminated lateritic soil". Proceedings of geotechnical conference, December 15-17,2011, Kochi.
[3]. Chen et al (1995), "Hydraulic conductivity of compacted municipal solid waste, Bioresources technology, vol.51.
[4]. Dr.Krishna M K et al (2016), "Effect of MSW leachate on the quality of soil", International journal of engineering science invention, volume 5, issue 6, june 2016.
[5]. Dr.Solly George et al (2015), "Study on geotechnical properties of diesel oil contaminated soil". International journal of civil and structural engineering research ISSN 2348-7607, volume 2, issue 2, october 2014 – march 2015.

Abstract: With the fast construction of high-speed train railway, moving flash butt welding has beencommonly employed for railway track welding, however, these joints sometimes do not achieve the performance required for high speed train operation due to the welding defects. In this research, a new method of in-situ welding technique was developed and applied to repair rail welded joint with defects, and it has many advantages such as saving time, reducing the consumption of rail during welding, decreasing cost of transportation and so on. In addition, it is more economic and efficient to solve welding defects without increasingthe number of rail welded joints, which can further avoid the risk possibility during actual service conditions.

Keywords: moving flash butt welding, welding defects, in-situ welding technique, insertion of short rail technique, fixed temperature, mechanical stretch

[1]. Chen H, Wu B, Tu M (2008). Microstructures and Properties of Flash Butt Welded Joints of Austenitic-Bainitic Alloy Steel Railway Switch and U75V Rail. Transactions of the China Welding Institution (4): 41-44.
[2]. Ding W, Song H, Luo D, Liu Y (2010). Study on Flash-butt Welding Process for U75V Rail. Hot Working Technology (9): 135-137.
[3]. Dong Z, Zhong H, CHENG D (2013). Analysis on the Welding Process and Weld Seam Quality of Flash Welder. Research on Iron and Steel (1): 36-40.
[4]. Godefroid, LB, Faria, GL, Cândido, LC, and Viana, TG (2014). Fatigue Failure of a Flash Butt Welded Rail. Procedia Materials Science 3: 1896-1901.
[5]. Godefroid, LB, Faria, GL, Cândido, LC, and Viana, TG (2015). Failure Analysis of Recurrent Cases of Fatigue Fracture in Flash Butt Welded Rails. Engineering Failure Analysis 58: 407-416.

Abstract: Domestic waste of passenger ships is waste generated by passengers on the ship during shipping. This study uses SWOT analysis to find out how the domestic waste management strategy of passenger ships that rely on Makassar's Soekarno-Hatta Port. The results showed that the garbage produced by passenger ships can be recycled such as plastic, paper, and cans/iron. Ship waste treatment infrastructure in Makassar's Soekarno-Hatta Port still needs to be developed and adjusted to the International Maritime Organization (IMO) rules. The waste management strategy on the ship should be managed with a separator container system between organic and non-organic waste, at the Makassar port, it should be managed with the principle of 3 R (Reuse, Reduce and Recycle).

Keywords: Passenger, Waste, Ship Visits, Pollution

[1]. Pelindo IV, 2019, Indonesian Port Company IV (IPC-IV), in Makassar
[2]. Jinca, M.Y., 2011, Indonesian Sea Transportation Systems, Analysis and Case Study, Brillian Internationl. Surabaya
[3]. IMO, International Maritime Organization, 2002, Marpol 73/78, concerning Management of ship waste.
[4]. Palapa, 2018, Efforts to Prevent Pollution at Sea with the Garbage Management Plan aboard the MV. Energi Midas, Proceedings of the Sailing Nautical Seminar, Vol. 9
[5]. Rahim, Ir.R., 2014, Study of Soekarno-Hatta Port Waste Management in Makassar, National Symposium on RAPI XIII, FT, UMS.

Abstract: With the pace of rapid developing economy, the energy demand is increasing day by day which has become a major concern in energy sustainability of Bangladesh. Presently, most of the energy is spawned by burning limited fossil fuels whose reserve will be extinguished very soon. To overcome the present energy crisis, it is high time to find a suitable alternative source for sustainable energy generation. In this regard, solar energy is one of the potential source because of geographical location. Bangladesh government has already taken different kinds of projects to produce desired amount of power by using this solar energy potential. However, numerous common misperceptions appear in the country regarding solar energy potential. One of the foremost problem is acquiring adequate land for solar park, Bangladesh being an agro-based country obtaining land is very difficult for setting up large solar power plants. On the other hand, residential, industrial, commercial and government buildings can provide enormous rooftop spacewhich can be used to implement for solar power production. Therefore, rooftop solar is the best alternative resolution for Bangladesh to meet its desired target and alleviate the present energy crisis. In this paper we have discussed about present condition and prospects of rooftop solar in the perspective of Bangladesh.

Keywords:Rooftop solar, solar potential, net-metering, industrial rooftop, battery, renewable energy, solar power, off-grid solar, on-grid solar

[1]. Bangladesh: Increasing Access to Energy – Asian Development Bank, Publication Stock No. ARM135352, February 2013, p. 1
[2]. Md. HumayunKabir, WilfriedEndlicher, Jonas Ja¨germeyr, "Calculation of bright roof-tops for solar PV applications in Dhaka Megacity, Bangladesh", Journal of RenewableEnergy, available online 25 November 2009, p. 1760
[3]. A S M MonjurulHasan, Mohammad Rokonuzzaman, Rashedul Amin Tuhin, Shah Md. Salimullah, MahfuzUllah, TaiyebHasanSakiband PatrikThollander," Energies,Article Drivers and Barriers to Industrial Energy Efficiency in Textile Industries of Bangladesh", Published: 10 May 2019, p. 3
[4]. FerdausAra Begum, Rooftop solar power -- a sustainable option for Bangladesh, published: November 08, 2019 in The Financial Express, available at
https://www.google.com/amp/s/thefinancialexpress.com.bd/views/reviews/rooftop-solar-power-a-sustainable-option-for-Bangladesh1573226883%3famp=true
[5]. GROWTH OF ELECTRICITY SECTOR IN INDIA FROM 1947-2019, May 2019, Chart: 4," Planwise Growth of Per Capita Consumption of Electricity in the Country", p. 15

Abstract: Geosynthetics is synthetic material utilized for soil support. Soil uses the developed powers in earth in fortification of soil due to erosion which creates strain in support. Geosynthetics is utilized in areas where shear stresses are produced due to the fact that shearing restrain among soil and reinforcement controls the horizontal movement of the soil. Geosyntheticsutilized for increasing bearing limit and porousness of soil, decreasing settlement of soil. In dynamic shear excitations, slip deformation happen along smooth geosynthetic interfaces. In this manner, in a landfill application seismically prompted slip deformation along a base geosynthetic liner can bring about diminished increasing velocities transmitted to landfill squander. Fundamental shaking table test on smooth high thickness polyethylene and geotextile indicated that this idea of utilizing geosynthetics....

Key Words: Seismic Waves, High Density Polyethylene (HDP), Displacement Transducers

[1]. American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM] (2000)."Standards on Geosynthetics", 5th edn. ASTM, Philadelphia, PA Giroud J-P 1993 GeosyntheticsBibliography. International Fabrics Association, St. Paul,MN, Vols. 1,2. De, A. and Zimmie, T.F. (1997). "Factors InfluencingDynamic Frictional Behavior of Geosynthetic Interfaces",Proc. IGS (International Geosynthetic Society)Geosynthetics' 97, Long Beach, Calif., 837–849.
[2]. Deb K., Chandra S. &Basudhar P.K. (2005). "SettlementResponse of a Multilayer Geosynthetic-reinforced Application of Geosynthetics for Ground Improvement: An Overview442Granular Fill–soft Soil System.", Geosynthetics International,12,No.6.
[3]. Ghazavi Mahmoud &LavasanArashAlimardani (2008)."Interference Effect of Shallow Foundations Constructed on Sand Reinforced with Geosynthetics", Geotextiles andGeomembranes, Volume 26, Issue 5, pp. 404–415.
[4]. HajianiJavadet.al. (2003). "Experimental and NumericalInvestigation of the Bearing Capacity of Model Circular and Ring Footings on Reinforced Sand," Geotextiles andGeomembranes, 21 241–256.
[5]. Kelly, J.M. (1997). "Earthquake-resistant Design withRubber", 2nd Ed. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.Kodikara Jayantha (2000). "Analysis of TensionDevelopment in Geomembranes Placed on LandfillSlopes", Geotextiles and Geomembranes,1847–61 Koerner R.M. (1998). Designing with Geosynthetics, 4thedn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJKrystyna Kazimierowicz-Frankowska (2007). "Influence ofGeosynthetic Reinforcement on the Load-settlemen Characteristics of Two-layer Sub Grade", Geotextiles andGeomembranes, 25 366–376.

Abstract: Wear is produced when two elements press against each other, such as apron liner, blow bars and crushing material. During this process, small materials from each element become detached, causing the surface to wear away. A primary factor in wear for crushing applications is abrasion. The blow bars on the rotor of an impact crusher wears faster because of the impact and rubbing with material during crushing. This contributes to about 60 % of the cost of wear parts in an impact crusher. This study is focus on wear analysis of rotor blow bars of a compound impact crusher used in limestone crushing. The wear rate on the blow bars were calculated using the measured length of the blow bar before and after crushing 100,000 tons of limestone. The blow bars are refilled and hard-faced to prolong it life.......

Key Word: Impact crusher; Blow bars; Wear; Wear rate

[1]. Lewis R, A modelling technique for predicting compound impact wear, Wear 262 (2007) 1516–1521
[2]. https://www.hazemag.com/en/products/primary-impactors-hpi/
[3]. https://www.hazemag.com/fileadmin/user_upload/hazemag/pdf/products/english/190403_HAZEMAG_HPI_HPC_ENG.pdf
[4]. Durgesh R. Vermaand Pankaj R. Hatwar, "Design of A Horizontal Shaft Impact Crusher", International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering & Management (IJAIEM), Volume 3, Issue 1, January 2014
[5]. https://www.terex.com/docs/librariesprovider2/default-document-library/evoquip-wear-parts-guide_web.pdf

Abstract: The findings of experimental study of welds completed between Al-steels that differ in chromium content. Analysis of the micro-structural evolution during the application of pre and post weld heat treatments is reported in dissimilar materials. Particular attention was paid for three different parameters as rotational speed, tilt angle and travel speed were used during this process with two values for each. The finest and bad samples from eight samples were studied using the for microstructure test before and after heating. In-welded condition there is a noticeable change in the hardness and strength of the aluminum alloy in the joint section. This can be credited to over-aging of the aluminum alloy due to the heat produced by the joining procedure. Standard T6 heat treatment develops the mechanical characteristics of the aluminum-steel joint. It showed the ability of friction-stir welding for joining dissimilar metals.

Key Word: dissimilar materials; friction-stir welding; rotational speeds; tilt angle; travel speed

[1]. Ahmed, M.M.Z., Ataya, S., El-Sayed Seleman, M.M., Ammar, H.R., Ahmed, E. Friction stir welding of similar and dissimilar AA7075 and AA5083. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2017; 242, 77–91.
[2]. Parth R., Panchal, Satish J., Makwana and Khushbu C., Panchal, A literature Review on Friction Stir Welding of Similar and Dissimilar Materials, International Journal of Electronics, Electrical and Computational System, 2017; Vol. 6 (10).
[3]. Kumar A. and Jadoun R S, friction stir welding of dissimilar materials/alloys: a review, Int. J. Mech. Eng. & Rob. Res., 2014; Vol. 1(1).
[4]. Shigematsu I, Kwon YJ, Suzuki K, Imai T, Saito N, Joining of 5083 and 6061 aluminium alloys by friction stir welding. Journal of Materials Science Letters 2003; 22: 343-356.
[5]. Guerra M, Schmidt C, McClure LC, Murr LE, Nunes AC, Flow patterns during friction stir welding, Materials Characterization, 2003, 49: 95-101.

Abstract: Background:Unreinforced masonry towers are especially vulnerable to damage during earthquakes.A historic stone masonry minaret in Cairo (1468 A.D.) showed signs of damage and obvious inclination after occurrence of strong earthquakes in 1992 and 2015. Investigating the dynamic behavior of this historical tower is of primary importance to assure its structural safety and seismic vulnerability and enable conservation of thisheritagemonument. Materials and Methods: Numerical modeling and seismic analysis are performed for the minaret in its current condition using finite element commercial software in order to investigate its seismic behavior and to assess its structural efficiency. Several numerical models are made for the minaret to study the influence of openings and of the spiral stairs to the dynamic behavior.........

Key Word: Masonry; Tower; Historic;Finite Elements; Dynamic Analysis; Seismic; Assessment.

[1]. Dogangun, A.; Acar, R.; Sezen, H.; Livaoglu, R. (2008) "Investigation of dynamic response of masonry minaret structures", Bull Earthquake Eng, 5, 505-517.
[2]. Preciado, A., Bartoli, G. and Budelmann, H. (2015) "Fundamental aspects on the seismic vulnerability of ancient masonry towers and retrofitting techniques", Earthq. Struct, 9(2):339–52.
[3]. Sykora, D., Look, D., Croci, G., Karaesmen, E. and Kraraesmen, E. (1993), "Reconnaissance report of damage to historical monuments in Cairo, Egypt following the October 12, 1992 Dahshur Earthquake", Technical Report NCEER93-0016, National Center for Earthquake Engineering Research, State University of New York at Buffalo, U.S.A.
[4]. Higazy, E.M. (2004), "Vulnerability of historical minarets, investigation of their seismic assessment and retrofitting", Emirates Journal for Engineering Research, 9 (2), 59-64.
[5]. Corbi, O., Zaghw, A., Elattar, A. and Saleh, A. (2013) "Preservation provisions for the environmental protection of Egyptian monuments subject to structural vibrations", International Journal of Mechanics, 3 (7), 172-179.

Abstract: Background: Many communities live deplorably in extreme poverty in some poor countries of the world. Majority rely upon traditional sources of highly turbid and untreated surface waters for their domestic needs. These surface waters can be treated with coagulants to remove the turbidity thereby making them suitable for consumption. Therefore, this study compared the efficiencies of Alum and Moringa oleifera coagulants in removal of turbidity from water. Materials and Methods: One-Factor-At-A-Time (OFAT) experimental approach was adopted in this study. This entails carrying out the experiments by varying one factor at a time when others are kept constant. The factors considered in this study are dosing, pH and impeller rotational speed respectively, which involved three stages of experiments. A 20 litre sample of turbid water was prepared by mixing 60 g weight of clay soil particles (0.020 mm - 0.0020 mm grain size) in 20 litres of distilled water to give 3000 mg/l concentration of turbid water. Required doses of Alum and......

Key Word: Comparative, Alum, Moringa oleifera, Clarification, Study

[1]. Lea, M. Bioremediation of turbid surface water using seed extract from the Moringa oleifera Lam. (Drumstick) tree. Current Protocols in Microbiology. 2014; IG.2.1-IG.2.8, Wiley Online Library. DOI: 10.1002/9780471729259.mc01g02s33.
[2]. Madsen, M., Schlundt, J. and Omer, E.F. Effect of water coagulation by seeds of Moringa oleifera on bacterial concentrations.J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1987; 90: 101-109.
[3]. Levicki, K. A catchment to consumer approach to rural water resource assessment: Baseline study and safe drinking water supply strategy for Orongo village, Lake Victoria basin, Kenya.2005;Royal Institute of Technology. Stockholm, Sweden.
[4]. Sutherland, J.P., Folkard, G.K., Mtawali, M.A. and Grant, W.D. Moringa oleifera as a natural coagulant. Affordable water supply and sanitation:1994;Proceedings of the 20thWEDC Conference, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
[5]. Fahey, J.W. (2005). A review of the medical evidence for its nutritional, therapeutic, and prophylactic properties.Part 1. J. Phytochem.. 1994;. 47: 123-157..

Abstract: Development of an engineering software that is very suitable for project planning was done and tested with GAP international limited. The work involved a project planning tool that can maintain multiple
projects and can be used by anyone (such as small independent firms, public municipalities, and government organizations) for their engineering projects. The research objective was to provide a suitable engineering
project planning software that is cheap to afford, easy to use as well as being powerful enough to plan longterm projects and flexible enough to adapt to changes, constraints and clients needs. The critical path method
(CPM) was employed in achieving it. This paper also looked at the use of powerful planning tools like Gantt charts and task lists to schedule engineering projects, assign tasks and make milestones to stay motivated in
order to achieve meeting-up........

Key Word: Design, Engineering, Software, Project, Planning, Critical path.

[1]. Akpan, E.O.P. and Chinzea, E.F., Project management: Theory and practice, Nigeria (2000), Koby Press Ltd: Owerri
[2]. Davis, E.W., Project network summary measures constrained-resource scheduling, AIIE Transactions, Vol.7, Issue 2 (1975), pp.132-142.
[3]. De Boer, R. and Schutten, J. M., Multi-project rough-cut capacity planning in Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing, Ashayeri, J, Sullivan, W.G. and Ahmad, M.M. (eds.), (1999), pp. 631-644, Begell House, Wallingford: UK.
[4]. De Boer, R., Resource-constrained multi-project management, (1998), PhD thesis: University of Twente, Enschede, (Netherlands).
[5]. De Waar, A. J., Re engineering non flow large scale maintenance organizations (1999), PhD thesis: University of Twente, Enschede, (Netherlands).

Abstract: Transportation is very much related to the economy and growth of the nation. The public transportation in Kerala is undertaken by both government and private sectors. The distributions of bus routes of these service providers are unscheduled & non-scientific. This leads to higher fuel and labour wastage and loss of time of commuters. This study aims to assess the level of service of existing public sector buses in Kalady area and propose changes for better commuter satisfaction based on specific parameters and to chart most feasible bus routes depending on peak hour demand. In addition to this we aim to chart bus routes that are economically feasible at peak demand periods and to analyse the existing bus route service in a given area. The data collection is done through questionnaire survey to the bus users and service non bus users. The level of service will be evaluated by analysing the Likert scale and correlating it to performance index. The feasible routes can be evaluated by charting and analysing the routes.

Key Word: Feasible, Questionnaire Survey

[1]. Madhav G. Badami , Murtaza Haider ,An analysis of public bus transit performance in Indian cities, Transportation Research Part A 41 (2007) 961–981
[2]. Noor H.M., Nasrudin, N., and Foo, J,Determinants of customer satisfaction of service quality: city bus service in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia,Procedia – Social and Behavioral Science.153, (2014)595-605
[3]. Moses Olaniran Olawolen, Oluwole Aloba,Mobility characteristics of the elderly and their associated level of satisfaction with transport services in Osogbo, Southwestern Nigeria,Transport policy35(2014)105-116
[4]. Pradeep chaithanya and V.Vinayak Ram ,Integrated and Sustainable Service level Benchmarking of Urban Bus System,Transportation Research Procedia17 (2016)301 – 310
[5]. Sanjeev Sinhaa, Shubhajit Sadhukhanb and Shiv Priyea ,The role of quality assessment for development of sustainable bus service in mid-sized cities of India: A case study of Patna,Procedia Engineering (2017)198 -926 – 934.

Abstract: This research work investigated how used tyre can be employed for roofing houses, and evaluated the thermal comfort of the house. A house with dimensions 3ˣ 3 ˣ6 (m) was constructed with concrete blocks and roofed with sliced worn tyres. It was partitioned into two and one-half (1.5 ˣ3 ˣ 6 m) was evaluated for human comfort. Four radiant temperatures were measured at the inside and outside East and West walls of the building with thermocouples. The air velocity and relative humidity were respectively measured with anemometer and hygrometer. All the measuring instruments were connected to a data logger pre-set for hourly readings.Fanger's Predicted Mean Vote model was used to evaluate the human thermal comfortability. The results showed that air speed was in the range of 0 – 2.5 ms-1, mean radiant temperature was in the range of 0 – 34.35oC, relative humidity was in the range....

[1]. Akinola A. O. and Adewole K. A (2015). "Characteristics Study of Gaseous Product from Waste Tyre Pyrolysis".International Scientific Research Journal, Vol. 1 (6), 1 – 5
[2]. Islam M. R., Haniu H., Beg Alam M. R. (2008). Liquid fuels and Chemicals from Pyrolysis ofMotorcycle tyre Waste Product Yields, Compositions and Related Properties, Fuel 87, 3112-3122 [3]. Williams P. T. (2005). Waste Treatment and Disposal, 2nd Ed; Wiley and Sons London
[4]. Satope, P. O. (2015). "Pyrolysis of Scrap Car Tyres for Char Production"An M. Eng. Dissertation at the Department of Mechanical Engineering Department, The Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
[5]. Catalina T., Virgone J., Kuznik F. (2009). "Evaluation of thermal comfort using combined CFDand experimentation study in a test room equipped with a cooling ceiling". Building and Environment,.Elsevier, 2009, 44 (8), pp.1740-1750..

Abstract: We are aware of the fact that energy is broadly classified into two main parts,that is Conventional and Non Conventional.The cost of conventional energy is increasing day by day due to its shortage.So we need to focus more on more utilisation of non conventional Energy Resources.Nowdays,temperature is also very high in summer seasons,So we need to have appliances like water cooler in commercial buildings(Like Schools,Colleges,Hospitals,Offices,etc).These water coolers are generally opearted on a cycle VCRS(Vapour Compression Refrigeration System).These water coolers because of involvement of compressor,consumes high power.In this Project,our aim is to Design and Fabricate water cooler runnning on Peltier Effect assisted with automatic dual axes solar tracker for efficient harvesting of solar energy.Conventional Water coolersare mostly based on VCRS and due to involvement of compressor it costs high electricity bill..

Key Word: Thermoelectric cooler, Peltier Module, Photovoltaic cell,Cooling rate,Water cooler, COP, Arduino uno.

[1]. Hossein Mousazadeh, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering,Vol.133
[2]. K.S. Madhu, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research vol. 3, 2229–5518.
[3]. AkshendraSoni (2016) International Advanced Research Journal in Science,Engineering and Technology, vol.3 .
[4]. M.Mirmanto et al., (2018) Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal.
[5]. Design and Implementation of a Sun Tracker with a Dual-Axis Single Motor "Jing-Min Wang and Chia-Liang Lu''.

Abstract: The study discusses the effect of magnet strength on fuel lines on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of magnet strength in fuel lines to fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. The research method uses pure experimental methods. using a free variable strong magnetic field (51, 102, 152, 202, and 249) gauss mounted on the fuel line and engine speed (1500 rpm, 2500 rpm, 3500 rpm, and 4500 rpm). while the dependent variable is fuel consumption (liter/hour) and exhaust gas emissions. Also, a Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) test was performed to determine.......

Key Word: Magnet strength, engine speed, fuel consumption, exhaust gas emissions

[1] F. Perera, ―Pollution from fossil-fuel combustion is the leading environmental threat to global pediatric health and equity: Solutions exist,‖ Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 15, no. 1, 2018, doi: 10.3390/ijerph15010016. [2] K. Gwilliam, M. Kojima, and T. Johnson, ―Reducing Air Pollution from Urban Transport,‖ World Bank, p. 194, 2004. [3] L. Jie, ―Environmental Effects of Vehicle Exhausts, Global and Local Effects – A Comparison between Gasoline and Diesel,‖ p. 32, 2011. [4] R. Prasad and V. R. Bella, ―A review on diesel soot emission, its effect and control,‖ Bull. Chem. React. Eng. & Catal., vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 69–86, 2010, doi: 10.9767/bcrec.5.2.794.69-86. [5] I. A. Reşitoʇlu, K. Altinişik, and A. Keskin, ―The pollutant emissions from diesel-engine vehicles and exhaust aftertreatment systems,‖ Clean Technol. Environ. Policy, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 15–27, 2015, doi: 10.1007/s10098-014-0793-9..

Abstract: Background: The purpose of using RC fences is to make a suitable distance between the explosion and the building, in order to reduce the damage that can occur in the building as much as possible, this distance is called stand-off distance. There are two common types of movable RC fences in Egypt, RC Curved and T-Shaped fences, which can be used to provide the protection for important buildings against blast loads. Materials and Methods: In this paper, Numerical analyses for blasting different RC fences were performed using LS-DYNA program. Basic considerations are presented for five constitutive material models (the concrete material, the reinforcing steel material, the air material........

Key Word: Explosion, Blast, RC fences, NSC, UHPC, Fence blast wall, 3D numerical simulation, LS-DYNA, Numerical results, Solid element, Finite element models

[1]. Muszynski LC, Purcell MR. Composite reinforcement to strengthen existing concrete structures against air blast. J Compos Constr. 2003;7(2):93-97. DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0268(2003)7:2(93)
[2]. Mutalib AA, Mussa MH, Hao H. Effect of CFRP strengthening properties with anchoring systems on P-I diagrams of RC panels under blast loads. Constr Build Mater. 2019;200:648-663. DOI:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.169
[3]. Ghani Razaqpur A, Tolba A, Contestabile E. Blast loading response of reinforced concrete panels reinforced with externally bonded GFRP laminates. Compos Part B Eng. 2007;38(5-6):535-546. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.06.016
[4]. Silva PF, Lu B. Improving the blast resistance capacity of RC slabs with innovative composite materials. Compos Part B Eng. 2007;38(5-6):523-534. DOI:10.1016/j.compositesb.2006.06.015
[5]. Schenker A, Anteby I, Gal E, et al. Full-scale field tests of concrete slabs subjected to blast loads. Int J Impact Eng. 2008;35(3):184-198. DOI:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.12.008.

Abstract: A note on Stokes drag on axi-symmetric small particle placed in axial and transverse flow of Newtonian and micro-polar fluid is written. The results are based on Stokes drag(Datta and Srivastava, 1999) for Newtonian fluid and for micro-polar fluid (Srivastava and Srivastava, 2016). The general relationships for Stokes drag on small axi-symmetric particle in axial and transverse flow are given for both Newtonian and micro-polar fluid. The relationship is then tested for sphere and spheroid for general validity. Further, the linear relationship between moment and drag is exploited for writing transverse drag in terms of moment of body rotating about axis of symmetry. The same is tested and verified for sphere.

Key Word: Stokes drag, axial flow, transverse flow, Newtonian fluid, micro-polar fluid. AMS Subject Classification- 76D07

[1]. Payne, L.E., and Pell, W.H. (1960). The Stokes flow problem for a class of axially symmetric bodies, J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 7, No. 4, pp. 529-549.
[2]. Happel, J., and Brenner, H.(1964, 1983). Low Reynolds Number Hydrodynamics, Nijhoff, Dordrecht, TheNederlands.
[3]. Eringen, A. C.(1966). Theory of micropolar fluids, J. Math. Mech., Vol. 16, pp. 1-18.
[4]. Erdogan, M. E. (1972). Dynamics of Polar Fluids, ActaMechanica, Vol. 15, pp. 233-253.
[5]. Ariman, T., Turk, M.A. and Sylvester, N.D. (1973). Micro continuum Fluid Mechanics-a review, Vol. 11, pp. 905-930.
[6]. Ramkissoon, H., and Majumdar, S.R. (1976). Drag on an axially symmetric body in the Stokes flow of micro polar fluid, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 19, pp. 16-21

Abstract: Purpose: The objective of this study is to evaluate the load carrying capacity of a target bridge structure based on the simple slab bridge of concrete over 20 years of public service. Method: By performing static loading test and dynamic loading test, the displacement, strain, impact factor, and natural frequency values were measured and evaluated through analysis method. Result: The main results of this study are as follows. First, the maximum displacement and maximum strain of S1 were assessed at 2.917 mm and 44.720 με(tensile) and -13.760 με(compression), respectively, with S2 maximum displacement and maximum strain being 2.100 mm and 4.870 με(tensile), respectively. Second, the maximum measured impact factor was 0.191 in section S1 A-A, and the maximum measured impact factor was 0.155 in section S2 C-C. Third, the natural frequency was assessed at 6.086 Hz, and the measurement was found to be within the range of 6.152 Hz to 6.738 Hz. Conclusion: The tested bridge may be evaluated to show good behavior and characteristics for the design load......

[1]. Hwang, J. H., An, S. S. & Kim, J. H.(2011). "A Feasibility Study of Loading Test for Safety Assessment : Concrete Bridges", Journal of The Korea Institute for Structural Maintenance and Inspection, Vol.15, No.6, pp.147-155.
[2]. Jung, H. P.(2019). "A Study on the Bridge Heavy Automobile Passing Load Based on Live Load and Load Test Data", Master's thesis, Graduate School of University of Seoul.
[3]. Korea Infrastructure Safety & Technology Corporation(2010). "FMS Facility Information Management System", Korea Infrastructure Safety & Technology Corporation.
[4]. Min, J. K. & Kim, Y. I.(2004). "Behavior Properties of Bridge by Non Destructive and Loading Test", Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers, Vol.1, pp.61-71.
[5]. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport(2010). Detailed Guideline for Safety Inspection and Precision Safety Diagnosis(Bridge), Korea Infrastructure Safety & Technology Corporation..

Abstract: New inventive methods in Soil and Structural Dynamics typically include acceptance of certain assumptions, a new or modified theoretical approach and development of hardware with software which are necessary for contemporary analysis of the soil-structure dynamic systems. However, hardware and software cannot themselves solve engineering vibration problems without engineering analysis and judgment. For validity of new methods, it is necessary to apply the engineering basis to prove the assumptions used in method derivations, determine accuracy of computed results and find the areas of applications and restrictions of the methods. This approach has been shown on the basis of a new method made for prediction of soil and structural vibrations from impact machine foundations before their construction..

Keywords: new methods, soil dynamics, structural dynamics, validity, engineering basis

[1]. Svinkin, M.R. (1978). "Prediction of soil oscillations from vibrations of machine foundations." Ph.D. dissertation, Scientific-Research Institute of Bases and Underground Structures named N.M. Gersevanov, Moscow (in Russian).
[2]. Svinkin, M.R. (1982). "The method for prediction of grounds vibrations on the basis of field experiments." The Manual on Design of Foundations under Machines with Dynamic Loads, Scientific-Research Institute of Bases and Underground Structures named N.M. Gersevanov, Stroiisdat, Moscow, 199-205 (in Russian).
[3]. Svinkin, M.R. (1997). "Numerical methods with experimental soil response in predicting vibrations from dynamic sources." Proceedings of Ninth International Conference of International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics, A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 3, 2263- 2268.
[4]. Svinkin, M.R. (2002). "Predicting soil and structure vibrations from impact machines." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 128 (7), 602-612.
[5]. Svinkin, M.R., Liberman, A.R., Solodilov, V.I, and Siryi, V. T. (1983). "Prediction of structural vibrations in the operating steel shop from foundry machines." Industrial Construction, 2, 16-18 (in Russian).

Abstract: Theconstruction industry,as the backbone and a parameter for measuring the growth and development of any nation, is tedious and expensive. There is therefore need to properly manage constructions for high quality delivery. Total quality management (TQM), is basically a way of thinking about the concept, visualization and achievement of goals to ensure good quality and productivity. It is a management philosophy which has been widely implemented in the manufacturing and other services industries, and has been recently brought into the Construction sector.As a new concept in the construction industry, some few articles and studies attempted to bring the benefits of this philosophy to the construction industry. The objective of this research is therefore to point out the latest studies which focused on improving the quality in construction project through implementing......

Keywords: Total quality management (TQM), Construction industry, Quality Control; Quality Assurance and TQM implementation.

[1]. V.S. Patyal, S. Ambekar and A. Prakash. "Organizational culture and total quality management practices in Indian construction industry", International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, Vol. 69 No. 5, pp. 895-913. 2019
[2]. F.A. Stasiowski, F. A. and D. Burstein. Total Quality Project Management for the Design Firm. New York: Wiley Publishers.1994
[3]. S. Seetaraman.Construction Engineering Management. Delhi: Umesh Publications. 2007
[4]. N. Androwis, R.J. Sweis, A. Tarhini, A.Moarefiand M.Hosseini Amiri. "Total quality management practices and organizational performance in the construction chemicals companies in Jordan", Benchmarking: An International Journal, Vol. 25 No. 8, pp. 3180-3205. https://doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-05-2017-0094. 2018
[5]. Arditi and Gunaydin (1997) D. Arditi and H.M. Gunaydin, H.M. Total quality management in the construction process: International Journal of Project Management, 15(4), 235-243. 1997

Abstract: The current day demand of the construction industry requires mainlyplanning, scheduling and management process. They include different set of activities which are executed as per the foremost important software issued for scheduling is PRIMAVERA P6 PROFESSIONAL and MICROSOFT PROJECT (MSP). In earlier days clarifying the status of venture to the customer in AutoCAD was very difficult and tedious. The recently advanced technology 10.6 plays a serious role within the software. They incorporate with the mix of 3D Design and planning PRIMAVERA can be done in which reduce the time management for the project

Keywords: 2D DESIGN, 3D VISUALIZATION, PRIMAVERA P6, ARCGIS 10.1.

[1]. AHMED AL-GAHZARI, Prof Dr. Baqer Al- Ramadan (2013): CRP (54) – Application of GIS in construction Project Management.
[2]. YADHUKRISHNAN A., Amba Shetty (2015) – ISSN (2393 -8021) "A Review on GIS based Construction Project Management.
[3]. V.K. BANSAL, M.Pal (2006)- GIS based Project Information System for CM.
[4]. MOHAMED REFAAT, Prof Mohamed El Barmelgy (2019) – Model for Analyzing urban Dynamics using 4D-GIS Analyzed.
[5]. CHANG CHEN, Feng Shi, Keijin Okuoka (2016) – The metabolism analysis of urban method for new building in China.

Abstract: Why has The Gyeongju Cheomseongdae masonry structure, been safe for more than a thousand years to this day? I wonder how Cheomseongdae, who survived the 2016 Gyeonggi Earthquake, behaves in the earthquake. So i did 3D modeling of the Cheomseongdae. And it was dynamically tested through Ansys simulation. It is hoped that it can be used as a basis for the seismic research and preservation of seismic studies and laminated cultural properties by verifying the seismic design techniques of its ancestors..

Keywords: Masonry Structure; Laminated Cultural Property; Seismic Performance; Ansys Simulation.

[1]. Lee Su-gon, Lee Sung-min, Park Hyun-gu, Double Ho, 'Research on the Natural Frequency of The Stone Axis', Thesis of The Korean Society of Architecture, 1999
[2]. Kim Kwang-jae, Lee Sung-min' Structural Characteristics Study of Gyeongju Cheomseongdae
[3]. through Model Experiments 2002
[4]. Daniel Schiff, Dynamics Analysis and Failure Modes of Simple Structures, John Wiley & Sons, 1990
[5]. Dong-Soo Kim, etc., 'Site Assessment of Kyung-Ju for Earthquake Ground Motion Evaluation', The Thirteenth Symposium on Civil Engineering December 7-8, 2000., Taipei, Taiwan.

Abstract: Concrete plays an important role as a construction material in most of infrastructure projects because of its low cost and ease of manufacture. Plain concrete possesses a very low tensile strength, limited ductility and little resistance to cracking. This study investigated effectof using natural and polypropylene fibers on Properties of fresh and hardened concrete. The first goal is using natural fiberssuch as date palm fibers (DPF), flax fibers (FF) and date palm spikelet fibers (DPSF).This study was conducted to investigate the use of different percentages of DPF (0.25, 0.5 & 0.75%), percentages of FF (0.15, 0.3 & 0.45%) and percentages of DPSF (0.5, 1.0 & 1.5%) as a volume fraction. The second goal is using hybrid fibers by adding constant amount of polypropylene fibers (PF) to DPF, FF and DPSF mixes (DPFP, FFP and DPSFP). Proportions of mixes determined using ACI 318-2019 recommendations....

Keywords: Concrete,Date Palm Fibers (DPF), Flax Fibers (FF), Date Palm Spikelet Fibers (DPSF), polypropylene fibers (PF), Slump, Compacting Factor, Flexural Strength.

[1] Mehta, P.K and Monterio, P.J.M, (1997) "Concrete Microstructure, Properties and Materials" India ed .Indian Concrete Institute, Chennai. [2] Neville,A.M and Brooks,J.J , (1990). Concrete Technology.ELBS ed.Longman , London. [3] E. T. Dawood and M. Ramli, (2012) "Durability of high strength flowing concrete with hybrid fibers" Construction and Building Materials, vol. 35, PP. 521-530. [4 ]F. Pacheco-Torgal and S. Jalali, (2011) "Cementitious building materials reinforced with vegetable fibres: A review," Construction and Building Materials, vol. 25, No. 2, PP. 575-581. [5] M. Sivaraja, N. Velmani, and M. S. Pillai, (2010) "Study on durability of natural fibre concrete composites using mechanical strength and microstructural properties," Bulletin of Materials Science, vol. 33, No. 6, PP.719-729.

Abstract: In the present paper, power is supplied to the generator of vapour absorption refrigeration system(VARS) in Kolkata city, India. During day time power required in the generator of an absorption refrigeration system is obtained from sunlight falling on solar photovoltaic(SPV) modules and extra current after meeting the requirements of the generator is sent to electrolyzer where water present in electrolyzer is dissociated into hydrogen and oxygen. The hydrogen produced having high volume is sent to a gas compressor for compression and stored in a small volume tank with the help of power obtained from separate solar photovoltaic modules. During night time hydrogen stored in tank is utilized by polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM) fuel....

Keywords: Central Electronics Limited Make PM 150, Electrolyzer, Polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM), Solar photovoltaic(SPV), Water-LiBr.

[1]. S.H.Wu, D.B.Kotak, and M.S.Fleetwood, An integrated system framework for fuel cell-based distributed green energy applications, Renewable Energy, 30, 2005, 1525-1540.
[2]. A. Yildiz, O. Ozgener, and L. Ozgener, Exergetic performance assessment of solar photovoltaic cell (PV) assisted earth to air heat exchanger (EAHE) system for solar greenhouse cooling, Energy and Buildings, 43, 2011, 3154-3160.
[3]. Y.Bai, G.Fraisse, F.Wurtz, A.Foggia, Y.Deless, and F.Domain, Experimental and numerical study of a directly PV-assisted domestic hot water system, Solar Energy, 85,2011,1979-1991.
[4]. N. A.Kelly, T. L. Gibson, and D. B.Ouwerkerk,Generation of high-pressure hydrogen for fuel cell electric vehicles using photovoltaic-powered water electrolysis,International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,36,2011,15803-15825.
[5]. I. Navarro-Solís, L. Villalba –Almendra, and A. Alvarez-Gallegos, H2 production by PEM electrolysis, assisted by textile effluent treatment and a solar photovoltaic cell,International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,35,2010,10833-10841.

Abstract: Solar Energy resource potential was investigated in six locations in Nigeria using the Hargreaves and Samani model. The study carried out in Sokoto, Maiduguri, Markurdi, Ibadan, Awka and Portharcourt employed maximium and minimum temperature data spanning 10 years. The result of this analysis shows that the mean value of global irradiation at Sokoto, Maiduguri and Markurdi are 18.55±0.54 MJ/m2-day, 19.83±0.60 MJ/m2-day and 17.80±0.30 MJ/m2-day, respectively over the ten years period, while Ibadan, Awka and Portharcourt recorded mean global irradiations of 16.68±0.36 MJ/m2-day, 17.68±0.28 MJ/m2-day and 17.46±0.19 MJ/m2-day, respectively. Therefore, Nigeria has good solar radiation potential with Northern part of Nigeria having a marginal edge over the southern part..

Keywords: Solar Energy, Hargreaves and Samani Model, Energy Potential, Power Generation

[1]. Ahmad, A.S., Renewable Energy Applications for Sustainable Development, Saarbrueken Germany, VDM Publishing House Ltd (2005).
[2]. Ajayi, O.O., Ajanaku, K.O., Nigeria's Energy Challenge and Power Development: The Way Forward, Energy and Environment 20 (3) (2009) 411-413, DOI: 10.1260/095830509788066448.
[3]. Animalu, A.E.O., Adekola, S.A., Science Today in Nigeria, The Nigerian Academy of Science, Abuja, (2002) 190-208.
[4]. Anyanwu, E.E., Oteh, U.U., Analysis of solar radiation measurement at Owerri, Nigeria, African Journal of Science, 4(1), (2003) 893-906.
[5]. Chineke, T.C., Equations for estimating global solar radiation in data sparse regions, Nigerian Journal of Renewable Energy, (2007) 1-13.

Abstract: Aggregates constitute the major part of any concrete construction. The requirement of aggregates is increasing day by day. The replacement of conventional aggregates with a proper substitute is a very relevant requirement. Fly ash which is a dangerous by product of the coal industry is proven to have geopolymer properties when treated with certain chemicals like sodium silicates and sodium hydroxide. The production of the artificial fly ash aggregate is done on a laboratory scale disc pelletizer whose angle of rotation and speed can be adjusted. The aggregates are produced as different trial mixes based on sodium hydroxide to sodium silicate ratio, rpm and angle of disc. These aggregates are then....

Keywords: Artificial aggregates, fly ash, geopolymerisation

[1]. O Kayali (2007) "Fly ash light weight aggregate in high performance concrete " University of new south wales. The Australian defence force academy.
[2]. Rafat Siddique (2003)Effect of fine aggregate replacement with Class F fly ash on the mechanical properties of concrete" Department of Civil Engineering, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Deemed University, Patiala 147004, India
[3]. J. M. J. M. Bijen" "(1986) Manufacturing processes of artificial lightweight aggregates from fly ash The International Journa/ of Cement Composites and Lightweight Concrete, Volume 8, Number3.
[4]. Go¨khan Baykal a,1, Ata Gu¨rhanDo¨ven" (1999) Utilization of fly ash by pelletization process; theory, application areas and research results" A Civil Engineering Department, t
[5]. Francesco colangelo,Francescomessinaraffaelecioff" (1988)Recycling of mswi fly ash by means of cementitious double step cold bonding peletization "(2015)department of engineering ,university of naples.