iosr-JNHS   Volume-1 ~ Issue-3

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Staff Nurses (Nicu) Knowledge Regarding Care Of Low Birth Weight Baby
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Ms.Rajwinder Kaur
	:	10.9790/1959-0130104

Abstract: Low birth weight babies are immature, they need special nursing care. Nurses are front line care providers they are key persons involved with the care of the low birth weight neonates round the clock. A pre-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding care of low birth weight baby among (NICU) staff nurses. The study was conducted in 6 pediatrics hospitals at district Jalandhar, Punjab. Total 60 staff nurses those who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling technique. A pre-test was taken by using structured questionnaire followed by structured teaching programme. After 7 days post-test was taken. The overall mean score of pre-test was 15.60 with the S.D.5.98. Whereas in post-test the overall mean score of 22.68 with S.D. of 4.55 the t-test value was 14.46* which is statistically significant at p<0.005 level of significance. The study finding implied that the education had a vital role in improving the knowledge of staff nurses regarding care of low birth weight baby.

[1]. Gurav BR, Kartikeyan S, Jape RM. Low birth weight babies. Journal of pediatric.2003; 45(3): 413-415.
[2]. Ghai.O.P. Essential pediatrics.6th edition. New Delhi: CBS Publishers, 2004.
[3]. A. Parthasaraty. IAP Textbook of Pediatrics. jaypee brothers, medical publishers(P)ltd., New Delhi.2003 pp-60-62
[4]. Parthsarthi. Text book of Paediatric. 2nd edition, Jay Pee :61-63.
[5]. United Nations Children's Fund and the World Health Organization, Low birth weight: Country, regional and global estimates, UNICEF and WHO, New York and Geneva, 2004,pp.2-3.
[6]. United Nations Children's Fund and the World Health Organization, Low birth weight: Country, regional and global estimates, UNICEF and WHO, New York and Geneva, 2004,pp. 9.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	School Children Knowledge Regarding Dental Hygiene.
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Ms. Manveer Kaur
	:	10.9790/1959-0130508

Abstract: School health education services are an economical and powerful means of raising standard of community health, especially for the future generations. School is considered as a best setting for the positive health and prevention of diseases, awakening health consciousness in which the child grows and develops. A pre-experimental study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding dental hygiene among middle schoolchildren. The study was conducted in government schools of Jalandhar district, Punjab. Totally 60 students those who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected by convenience sampling technique. A pre-test was taken by using structured questionnaire followed by structured teaching programme. After 7 days post-test was taken. The result of the post-test score revealed that the structured teaching programme had its impact on improving the level of knowledge regarding dental hygiene among middle school children. The overall mean score of pre-test was 14.91 with the S.D. 3.84, whereas in post-test the overall mean score of 23.01 with S.D. of 3.72. The t-test value was -8.1* which is statistically significant at p<0.005 level of significance. After structured teaching programme 68% students had average and 32% had good level of knowledge and no one had poor level of knowledge regarding dental hygiene. The study finding implied that the education had a vital role in improving the knowledge of school children regarding dental hygiene.

[1]. Peter S. Essentials of Preventive and Community Dentistry. 1st ed. New Delhi: Arya Medical, 1999. p102.
[2]. Nair MCK, Menon PS, Parathasorthay A. IAP Textbook of Pediatrics. 2nd ed, India: Jaypee, 2000.p.910-11.
[3]. Chandra satish. Textbook of community dentistry. 1st ed. New Delhi: Jaypee, 2004. p.159-60, 72.
[4]. Jurgensen N, Peterson PE. Oral health and impact of socio behavioral factors in a cross section survey of 12 year old school children in Laos. BMC oral health. Nov 2009; 9: 29
[5]. Amin TT, AL Abad BM. Oral hygiene practice, knowledge, dietary habits and their relation to caries among male primary school children in Al Hassa. Indian Journal of dentistry.Nov2008; 6(4):361-70.
[6]. Polit F. Denise Hungler. Essentials of Nursing Research. 2nd ed. JB Lippincott Company, p-117-167.
[7]. Kalawole K, Oziegde E, Bamise C. Oral hygiene measures and the periodontal status of school children in Ile-Ife. Indian Journal of dental hygiene. March 2011; 10.1601,5037

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effectiveness of acupressure on nausea and vomiting among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy in a selected hospital, Coimbatore.
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Jagon.J.Babu
	:	10.9790/1959-0130913

Abstract: Chemotherapy induces nausea and vomiting. In this context; bio-field therapy like acupressure has its own significance, thus enhancing the scope of nursing. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of acupressure (p6) on nausea and vomiting among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. A quantitative approach using Experimental design with pretest posttest was carefully utilized. For this 60 cancer patients receiving chemotherapy was selected using stratified random sampling in G.K.N.M Hospital. The intervention p6 acupressure was given by the researcher thrice a day for three days. Data collected using Standardized Rhodes index of nausea and vomiting to assess the level of nausea and vomiting by interview method was analyzed using independent 't' test and paired 't' test that found significant values 15.12 and 9.14 respectively at p<0.001. Thus, the study finding point out the effectiveness of p6 acupressure on nausea and vomiting among cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.

Keywords– Acupressure, Cancer, Chemotherapy, Nausea and Vomiting.

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[4] F. Polit, Nursing research principles and methods (Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2004).

[5] F. Polit, and D. Hungler Nursing research principles and methods (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 2001).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Comparative Analysis of Health Institutions on the Attitude and Practice af Midwives Towards Pregnant Women During Child Delivery In Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Dr. Florence O ADEYEMO
	:	10.9790/1959-0131419

Abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the attitude and practice of midwives in a mission and government health institutions in Ogbomoso, town in south west Nigeria towards pregnant women during delivery. Five hundred and seventy nine pregnant mothers from antenatal clinic, labour and postpartum ward, were enrolled for this study. Primips were excluded from the study. Four hypotheses were tested. The study showed that the attitude and practice of mid-wives have great influence on the pregnant women perception about them. There is a mutual relationship between the mid-wife and the pregnant women and this may result to successful child(ren) delivery. The study also revealed that the attitude of mid-wives from Mission hospital is significantly different from the attitude of mid-wives from general hospital. Similarly, the Value for practice of mid-wives from Mission hospital is significantly higher than that of the mid-wives from general hospital. Lastly, the perception of pregnant women toward choice of health institutions shows great significant difference. The present study suggests the need for strict supervision of midwives to ensure quality care and positive attitude towards women in labour and Stakeholders including Nursing and Midwifery Council should intensify action on continuous education on human relations.

Keywords: Attitude, Child Delivery, Health Institutions, Midwives, Practice, Pregnant Women.

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[7] L.O. Ogunjimi, Rosemary Thomas, Ibe and M.M. Ikorok, Curbing maternal and child mortality: The Nigerian experience, International Journal of Nursing and Midwifery, 4(3), 2012, 33-39.

[8] C.I. Iyaniwura and Q. Yusuf, Utilization of Antenatal care and delivery services in Shagamu, South Western Nigeria, African Journal of Reproductive Health, 13(3), 2009, 110-123.

[9] Nwosu Joanna, M. Oladoyin Odubanjo and Osinusi O. Bandele, Overview of Maternal and Infant deaths in Nigeria: Reducing Maternal and Infant Mortality in Nigeria, The Nigerian Academy of Science forum on evidence-based health policy making workshop summary, 2009, 1-8.

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Factors Contributing to Miss Appointments among 1-4 Years Old Toddlers for Routine Health Care in Government Health Clinics in Peninsular Malaysia
Country	:	Malaysia
Authors	:	Noor Hafizan M S, Rusnah S , Khalib L
	:	10.9790/1959-0132024

Abstract: Scheduled routine health care follow up visits among 1-4 years old toddlers to government health clinics are not fully utilized and factors contributing to missed appointments are not well studied. Continuous health care among children under 5 years of age is one of the important factors to reduce morbidityv and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors contributing to missed appointments among 1-4 years old toddlers for health care. Unmatched case control study among 570 mothers (285 cases and 285 controls) in five government health clinics in Tumpat district, Kelantan, Malaysia that serving a routine child health care was conducted using guided questionnaire. Analysis involved was binary logistic regression. Results showed that working mothers (adjusted OR:1.59, 95% CI :1.10-2.30, p:<0.05), knowledge of the mothers about child health services in government health clinic (adjusted OR: 8.45, 95% CI: 4.40-16.24, p:<0.001), mother's perception towards health facilities and services in government health clinic (adjusted OR: 1.59, 95% CI: 1.10-2.30, p:<0.05 and mother's social support from people surrounding (adjusted OR : 4.89, 95% CI: 2.40-9.98, p:<0.001) were the factors contributing to missed appointments. The research findings indicate that special efforts should be made to help working mother, to promote child health care services in government health clinic and to increase social support to mother in child health care in improving their routine health care follow up visits to government health clinic.

Keywords : Factors, government health clinic, miss appointment, toddler

[1] UNICEF Malaysia. State of World's Children. The United Nations Children's Fund, 2008.http://www.unicef.org/malaysia/msl/support_8072.html [1.9.10].

[2] WHO. Child health. World Health Organization, 2012. http://www.who.int

[3] MOH. Annual report 2008. Ministry of Health Malaysia, 2008.

[4] A.P.Alio and H.M. Salihu. Maternal Determinants of Pediatric Preventive Care Utilization among Blacks and Whites. Journal of the National Medical Association, 97(6), 2005.

[5] H. Tahirovic and A. Toromanovic. Glycemic control in diabetic children: role of mother's knowledge and socioeconomic status. European Journal of Paediatrics 169, 2010, 961- 964.

[6] E. Borras, A. Dominguez, M. Fuentes, J. Batalla, N. Cardenosa and A. Plasencia. Parental knowledge of paediatric vaccination. BMC Public Health, 9, 2009.154.

[7] A. Ruhul, M. Nirali and S. Becker. Socioeconomic factors differentiating maternal and child health-seeking behavior in rural Bangladesh: A cross-sectional analysis. International Journal for Equity in Health 9(9), 2010.

[8] H. Tadesse, A. Deribew and M. Woldie. Predictors of defaulting from completion of child immunization in south Ethiopia, May 2008 – A case control study. BMC Public Health, 9, 2009, 150.

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[10] S. Shamsul Azhar, K. Nirmal, S. Nazarudin, H. Rohaizat, A. Azimatun Noor and H. Rozita. Factors Influencing Childhood Immunization Defaulters in Sabah, Malaysia. The International Medical Journal Malaysia, 11(1), 2012.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Characterization of malignant solid thyroid nodules by Ultrasound and Doppler
Country	:	Saudi Arabia
Authors	:	Dr. Hamad Elniel Hassan Eltyib , Dr Ibrahim Abass Awad and Dr. Naglaa Mostafa Mohammad Elsayed
	:	10.9790/1959-0132530

Abstract: This is a prospective, consecutive study of thyroid patients referred for ultrasound for the period of 2012 to 2014 m at King Abdulaziz University hospital. Problem of the study lies in the interest or inadequate research that have been made about the role of ultrasound imaging in monitoring and predicted differentiate benign from malignant thyroid nodule and lack of diagnosis to see which should be subjected to histopathological examination and any of them need to medical follow up only.

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Male Circumcision within the context of HIV prevention in India: a qualitative study conducted among young men in Chandigarh, India
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Sanchit Kharwal, Prof. Shalini Bharat
	:	10.9790/1959-0133143

Abstract: Male circumcision has been advocated as an additional HIV prevention strategy but in India, it is not yet a part of the comprehensive HIV prevention package. In the Indian context male circumcision is strongly associated with specific religions and little is known about the socio-cultural and religious dimensions of this practice at the community level, the sensitivities attached to this practice, and its acceptance as a potential method of HIV infection prevention. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of knowledge and understanding of male circumcision among male youth of sexually active age group and to explore the practice of traditional male circumcision in a north Indian city. Data was collected by conducting 25 in-depth interviews, 5 key informant interviews and 2 focus group discussions. These interviews were tape recorded, transcribed, coded and analyzed using a qualitative software package. Results show that a majority of the respondents belonging to the non circumcising communities had limited understanding on male circumcision. Respondents from the circumcising community listed several benefits of doing male circumcision such as, better hygiene, prevention of infections, and enhancement of pleasure during sexual intercourse. The non circumcising community respondents considered male circumcision as a social stigma and carried the belief that approaching a traditional circumciser ("nai‟ or "hajjam‟) to undergo circumcision will or may convert them to the religion of Islam. The acceptance of circumcision as a practice to improve health and prevent infections such as, HIV, looked seemingly negative among respondents from the non circumcising communities. Due to its strong association as an identifier of a particular religion, there are fears in adopting it and being discriminated or targeted as being a member of the minority community.

Keywords – Male circumcision, HIV, religion, social stigma, acceptance

[1] WHO, HIV/AIDS Fact sheet N°360, November 2012 accessed from (http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs360/en/index.html) on January 19th, 2013
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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Condition of Child Health and Child Morbidity in Bangladesh
Country	:	Bangladesh
Authors	:	Md. Shahidul Islam , Muhammad Alamgir Islam
	:	10.9790/1959-0134451

Abstract: The main aim of the study is to find the child health and child morbidity under five years for the cause of various diseases such as acute respiratory infection (ARI) and diarrhea. Therefore ARE and diarrhea are considered as the dependent variable and all other possible characteristics that may influence the child morbidity considered as independent variables. Many statistical techniques are used to analysis the data whenever warranted. To explore bi-variants relationship, series of cross tabulations have run. In some cases the extend of relationship discerned from the analysis has been evaluated by some usual measures of association such as chi square and odd ratio statistics. The statistical technique employed here include multivariate coefficient regression

Keywords: Health, Morbidity, Children, acute respiratory infection, diarrhea, Bangladesh

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Noble Ganga Tears-Sweat Bomb Theory
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Thiyagarajan Babu
	:	10.9790/1959-0135254

Abstract: Tears and perspiration are the regular secretions of eye organ for any human being owing to emotional issues. There were numerous literatures available on the products associated with the tears, why tears were created but the how part was not solved till date. Huge volume of literatures projecting tears were secreted by the lachrymal glands involving complex body mechanism was available. Similarly the roles of sweat glands were attributed for perspiration in the skin of mammals. My simple two instruments namely pH meter and ORP (Oxidation Reduction Potential) meter unopened this mystery that tears and perspiration were formed with an outside molecule. Lachrymal glands and Sweat glands secreted vital compounds carried by the cellular fluid in order to protect eyes and skin respectively from harmful organisms or agents.

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Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	A Statistical study Regarding Knowledge and Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C in Muzaffarabad Azad Jammu & Kashmir
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Atif Abbasi, Azhar Saleem, Samarah Aqeel Butt, Nazneen Habib ,Wafa Hussain, Sheeba Arooj
	:	10.9790/1959-0135562

 

Abstract: Background:. Hepatitis B and C is considered to be a significant threat to the mankind around the globe. Hepatitis is one of the major viral disease affecting significant proportion of population not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. This threat is most alarming in developing countries where poverty, illiteracy may contribute to the high risk for causes of Hepatitis B and C Pakistan is highly endemic for Hepatitis B and C. Objective: The objective of the present study were to investigate the risk factor of hepatitis among the people of Muzaffarabad Azad Jammu & Kashmir and also to check the prevalence of hepatitis B and C in the presence of different risk factors. And to investigate the relationship between education, area and gender with hepatitis. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted over a sample of 400 respondents based on multistage sampling technique. The chi-square test was used to assess the statistical significance to different risk factors with blood transfusion. The multiple logistic regression, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were also used to get the most significant risk factors of hepatitis B and C. Results: the study shows that the most dominant risk factors of the hepatitis B and c that were age group 15-20 (OR=2.621), 21-26 (OR=1.344) 27-31 (OR=1.005) with 95% CI. Marital status that is married (OR= 0.438) Un-married (OR= 0.850), education at different level that is Primary (OR=0.728), Secondary (OR=0.973), graduate (OR=0.688), knowledge about hepatitis B and C, yes (OR=1.412), No (OR=1.547), history of ear piercing (OR=1.401), Re-use of syringes (OR=1.250, 2.498), sexual relation with affected person (OR=3.943, 1.877). Mann-Whitney U test with gender and area of the respondents with values (15759.500, p-value=.005) and (18907.00, p-value=.266).It was found that there is difference between male and female opinion regarding knowledge about hepatitis B and C there was same knowledge about risk factor of hepatitis B and C among the people of rural and urban areas. The study shows that the educated people have more awareness and knowledge regarding hepatitis B and C.

Key Words: Chi-Square; Hepatitis B and C; Logistic Regression; Mann-Whitney U test; Odd Ratio,Muzaffarabad

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