iosr-JNHS   Volume-2 ~ Issue-1

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Eefect of Tenure of Service on Job Stress Andnurse-Physician Collaboration among Nurses and Doctors
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Olatunji, S. O., Mokuolu, B. O.
	:	10.9790/1959-0210104

Abstract: This study examined the role that experience plays in nurse-physician collaboration and how this experience affects the level of job stress that entails among the health workers. 191 health workers comprising of 102 nurses and 89 physicians were involved, this include 26 female and 63 male physicians, and 68 female and 34 male nurses. Perceived stress scale by Cohen (1983) and Satisfaction about Care Decisions developed by Baggs (1994) were employed as measures of job stress and nurse-physician collaboration respectively. The result showed that tenure of service has a significant effect on job stress and collaboration among nurses, workers with greater than ten years of service reporting higher level of collaboration and lower level of job stress compared with their counterparts of fewer years of experience. Collaborative practice is suggested between doctors and nurses at all cadres, and mentoring should be encouraged among the senior and the junior health workers so as to bring confidence on the job and consequently reduce the experience of stress.

[1] William, S., Michie, S., and Pattani, S. (1998).Improving the health of the NHS workforce: report of the partnership on the health of the NHS workforce.Nuffield Trust London UK.

[2] Dolland, m., Winefielf,A., De Joge,J.(2000). Psychological job starin and productivity in human service workers: a test of the demand control support model. Journal of occupational and organisational psychology, 73:501-511.

[3] Thoits, P. (1995). Stress, coping and social support processes: where we are? What next? Journal of health and social behaviour, 36(1) 53-79.

[4] Adebayo S.O. (2001). Social psychology of ethnic group relations in Nigeria.A publication of psychomotor communication; Lagos pp24-38.

[5] Schutz, W.C. (1955). What makes group productive. Human Relations 8,429-465. [6] Cohen S., Kamarck. T., &Mermelstein, R. (1983).A global measure of perceived stress.Journal of health and social behaviour. 24, 386-396

[7] Baggs, J.G. (1994). Development of an instrument to measure collaboration and satisfaction about care decisions.Advance Journal on Nurses 20, 176-182.

[8] Cherniss, C. (1986). Staff Burnout, Job Stress in Human Service. Beverly Hills, CA: sage

[9] Kurtz, M.W. (1980). A behavioural profile of physician managerial roles, in R. Schenke, (ed). The physician in management. Washington DC: Artisan, 33-34

[10] Di Megho,K., Padula, C., Piatetek, C., KorberS.,Barrett, A., Ducharm,M., Lucas, S., Piemont,N., Joyal,E., DeNichola, V. and Carry,K. (2005). Group cohesion and nurse satisfaction.Examination of a team-building approach. Journal of Nursing Administration, 35(3): 110-120

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Knowledge and Opinion toward Sex Education among Selected Secondary School in Ejigbo Local Government Area, Osun State, Nigeria.
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	B. L. Ajibade, Olagunju,R. O., Oyediran, G.
	:	10.9790/1959-0210508

Abstract: towards sex education in Osun State, Nigeria. It was designed to enlighten the adolescent on the problems associated with lack of sex education.

METHODOLOGY :This is a descriptive study using multistage sampling technique to select the 3 secondary schools in Ejigbo local government area. The respondents were selected using simple random technique through the register of the school. The instrument used was a self-designed questionnaire with reliability of 0.71 using spearman brown coefficient analysis. Three hundred (300) respondents were used for the study.

RESULTS. Findings showed that, adolescents level of knowledge on sex matter was poor with a greater percentage (53%) affirming this. On the meaning of sex majority of respondent (60%) said it has to do with touching of body parts.

CONCLUSION: It was concluded that sex education should be adopted to avoid consequent of lack of sex education.

Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, Adolescents, sex education.

[1]. Achilla, M. (2002). Issues and Problems in Introducing Family Life education for boys and girls of secondary schools. Journal of Family welfare 38 (I): 56-67.
[2]. Adeyemo, M.O. (2007) Dissemination of family Life education to adolescents by their parents suburden Ibadan, Nigeria. 22-49.
[3]. Agujiobi, B. (2003): Need for sex Education in Our Schools Adewumi Printing Press, Ibadan, Nigeria. 22-49.
[4]. Akindele, J. (2002): Human Sexual Responses, Gribina Publishing Company, Lagos, Nigeria pp 37-62.
[5]. George, D.P (1999):Enciclopedia of Education, Spain Editorial Sufeliz Limited 8:192.
[6]. Goldman, M(1999): Sex Education for youths and parents Magill Publishing Co. Mumbai pp 19-50.
[7]. Hiller, L.(2000): Sexually and Diversity in Rural youth. American Garland publishing inc. U.S.A, 83-98.
[8]. Moore, s.(2000): Sexuality in adolescents Routledge publishers, U.S.A, 105-161.
[9]. Nwabuichie, J.(2001) Sex and Moral Behaviour Cimong the youth, Delta publication Limited Nigeria,55-7.
[10]. Pearsons. k (2000): Adolescent value system preferred Resolution Strategies and conflict with parents Australian Journal of psychology 5(2):63-70.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Beet root juice on haemoglobin among adolescent girls
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. N. Gayathri Priya , Mrs. M. Malarvizhi, Mrs. Annal Jega Jothi
	:	10.9790/1959-0210913

Abstract: Adolescence is a time of intense physical growth. It is also a stage of stress and strain. Most of them are having poor access to proper health care, nutrition and education. Beetroot juice is particularly beneficial as an anemia remedy for children and teenagers. Many studies proved that beet root also contribute to improve the haemoglobin level in the blood. Hence a study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of beet root juice on hemoglobin among adolescent girls. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of beetroot juice on hemoglobin among adolescent girls. True experimental study design was adopted and the study conducted in Aringar Anna Government Higherv Secondary School, Chennai, Tamilnadu. A total of 60 adolescent girls were selected for the study, in that 30 girls were in experimental and 30 girls were in the control group who fulfilled the inclusive criteria were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The freshly prepared beetroot juice was administered to the samples for 20 days in mid morning. Pre and post assessment was done using the checklist for assessing the signs and symptoms of anemia and cyanmethemoglobin method for checking hemoglobin level.The data analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics.Samples in the experimental group showed a highly significant improvement in hemoglobin level following the administration of beetroot juice (p<0.001), in comparison with the control group.The nurses have to play a vital role in building the knowledge and understanding the importance of prevention of anemia. This can be facilitated by motivating the nurse to improve the theory based knowledge to educate the community to use locally available resources to improve the health. By this the anemia can be prevented among the adolescent girls and in future the complications due anemia can be prevented.

Keywords: Adolescent girls, haemoglobin, anemia

[1]. Chaudry, SM.Dhage VR., (2008) A study of anemia among adolescentfemales in the urban area of Nagpur, http://www.ijcm.org.in. DOI: 10.4103/0970-0218.43230
[2]. Sudhagandhi,B (2011) Prevalence of anemia in the school children. http://www.ijnpnd.com.article.DOI: 0738.84212
[3]. World Health Organization(2001) .Iron deficiency anemia,Assessment prevention and control.A guide for programme managers NHD/ 01.http://www.who.com.
[4]. Toteja,GS.(2006) Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and adolescent girls in 16 districts of India.Food and nutrition bulletin. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17209473.
[5]. Bulliyy.G (2007) Hemoglobin status of non school going adolescent girls in three districts of Orissa, India. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health .http://wwwncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18348415.
Unpublished Dissertation:
[6]. Sherin Nithya(2009) Effectiveness of beetroot extract upon anemia among adolescent girls. Unpublished Dissertation.Dr.M.G.R University, Tamil Nadu.
[7]. Ammu(2010) Experimental study on effectiveness of beetroot juice on level of anemia among adolescent girls. Unpublished dissertation.Dr.M.G.R University, Tamilnadu

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Effectiveness of Lifestyle Intervention among Pre-Diabetes Patients in Melaka, Malaysia.
Country	:	Malaysia
Authors	:	Norma S., Zaleha MI, Azmi MT, Nor Aryana H.
	:	10.9790/1959-0211421

Abstract: Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention on physical (weight, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, waist circumference) and biochemical (fasting blood sugar (FBS), 2 hours postprandial (2HPP), and lipid profile) parameters among individuals with pre-diabetes. Methods: This study involved 185 pre-diabetics patients from fourteen selected health clinics in Melaka. The patients were divided into three groups based on the intervention that they received namely lifestyle intervention (n=62), pharmacological intervention (n=60), and control group (n=63). Each clinic applied only one type of intervention. The control group received only the conventional education. the lifestyle intervention group underwent group and individual dietary counseling together with exercise programme, and the pharmacological intervention group were given the oral Metformin (500 mg b.i.d). Results: Both blood glucose profiles included FBS and 2HPP with the mean difference of 0.24 ± 0.94 mmol/L were significantly reduced in the lifestyle intervention group. Waist circumference and LDL-cholesterol were significantly reduced while HDL-cholesterol was significantly elevated in both lifestyle and pharmacological intervention groups. The greatest reduction of body weight and BMI were seen in pharmacological intervention group with the mean difference of 2.06 ± 2.68 kg and 0.89 ± 1.17 kg/m2 respectively as compared to the lifestyle intervention and the control group with the mean difference of 1.49 ± 2.98 kg, 0.46 ± 2.02 kg/m2; 0.61 ± 1.16 kg, 0.10 ± 1.03 kg/m2 respectively. The lifestyle intervention showed significant reduction in weight (p=0.004), BMI (p=0.023) and waist circumference (p=0.005) as compared to the control group. Multivariable analysis, the lifestyle intervention still had an effect on fasting blood sugar (FBS), 2 hours postprandial (2HPP), and body mass index (BMI) after all the baseline differences were controlled. The lifestyle intervention showed the greater decreased in FBS (0.279 mmol/L) than pharmacological intervention (0.245 mmol/L). Conclusion: Lifestyle intervention was effective in reducing blood sugar profile of pre-diabetic patients as compared to the pharmacological intervention and the control group.

Keywords: Prevention T2DM, primary intervention, impaired glucose tolerance, pre-diabetes.

[1]. Murray CJ, Lopez AD. The global burden of disease: A Comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from disease, injuries and risk factors in 2000 and projected to 2020 J Health Risk Manag 2000.
[2]. Yavagal ST. Prevention is better than cure. [Online]. Available from: URL:http://www.pubmed.com.
[1] Deshpande AD, Harris-Hayes M, Schootman M. Epidemiology of diabetes and diabetes-related complications.Phys Ther,88(11), Nov 2008,1254-64.
[2] Wilson PW, Kannel WB. Obesity, diabetes, and risk of cardiovascular disease in the elderly.Am J Geriatr Cardiol, 11(2), Mar-Apr 2002, 119-23,125.
[3] Amos AF, McCarty DJ, Zimmet P: The rising global burden of diabetes and its complications: estimates and projections to the year 2010. Diabet Med 14, S1-85
[4] Buysschaert M, Bergman M. Definition of prediabetes. Med Clin North Am, 95(2), Mar 2011, 289-97.
[5] Hong Wang, MD, Nawar M. Shara, Darren Calhoun, Jason G. Umans, Elisa T. Lee, and Barbara V. Howard. Incidence Rates and Predictors of Diabetes in Those with Prediabetes: The Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Metab Res Rev, 26(5), July 2010, 378–385.
[6] Kuller LH, Velentgas P, Barzilay J, Beauchamp NJ, O'Leary DH, Savage PJ. Diabetes mellitus: subclinical cardiovascular disease and risk of incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 20, 2000, 823-9.
[7] Unwin N, Shaw J, Zimmet P, Alberti KG. Impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glycaemia: the current status on definition and intervention. Diabet Med, 19(9), 2002, 708-23.
[8] Nathan DM, Davidson MB, DeFronzo A. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care, 30 (3), 2007, 753-758.
[9] Marso SP. Review: The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. British Journal of Diabetes & Vascular Disease 2, 2002, 350
[10] Qiao Q, Hu G, Tuomilehto J, Balkau B, Borch JK. Age and sex specific prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose regulation in 11 Asian cohorts. Diabetes Care, 26, 2003, 1770-1780.