iosr-JNHS   Volume-2 ~ Issue-5

Abstract: Children are becoming the victims of unintentional injury at home. Many studies have explored the parent factors, environmental factors and child factor singularly. This study aims at determining the relationship between children's injury behavior, parent's injury prevention behavior and parental stress by comparing injured and non- injured children at the age group of 2-5 years. Descriptive co relational study design was used. Data was collected from parents(50+50),using modified standard tools by interview schedule and analyzed by Descriptive and Inferential Statistics. The results were given in Correlation Coefficient and independent 't' test. Parents of injured group reported a higher exploratory behavior among children and parents had more Supervisory behavior and severe stress due to guilt feeling. Parents of Non- Injured group reported more of impulsive behavior among their children and the and had a higher supportive behavior and their stress was comparatively lesser than the injured group. Furthermore it revealed that children's injury behavior depends on the prevention behavior of parents and hence the parents to be educated more about the occurrence of injury and the nature of injury prevention behavior. Stress due to guilt feeling is high among both groups , irrespective of occurrence , and non occurrence of injury.

Key Words: Children's injury behavior,Domestic mimicry,Exploratory behavior, Impulsive behavior, Parent's injury prevention behavior.

1]. Barbara. A, et al.,(2004) Mothers' Home-Safety Practices for Preventing Six Types of Childhood Injuries: What Do They Do, and Why? ,Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 29(4), 285–297
[2]. Bruce B. et al., (2005),Effects of parental viewing of children's risk behavior on home safety practices, Journal of Pediatric Psychology, Oct-Nov;30(7):571-80
[3]. Bryan T, et al.,(2010).Assessing Injuries with Proxies: Implications for Understanding Concurrent Relations and Behavioral Antecedents of Pediatric Injuries, Journal of Pediatric Psychology 35(1) pp. 51–60
[4]. Garzon DL, et al.,(2005)Contributing factors to preschool unintentional injury, Journal of Pediatric Nursing, Dec;20(6):441-7
[5]. Glik D, et al.,(1991) , Predictors of risk perceptions of childhood injury among parents of preschoolers, Health Education Quotient;18(3):285-30.
Book References
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Abstract: Autism is one of five disorders that fall under the umbrella of Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD), a category of neurological disorders characterised by severe and pervasive impairment in several areas of development. The rate of autism has been steadily rising worldwide .There is growing evidence that nutritional therapy can really make a big difference to children with autism. The present study was carried out to assess the "Nutrient intake and food consumption pattern of autistic children". The study was conducted at various autistic centres in Thrissur. Hundred autistic children between the age group of 4-12 years were selected for the study. An interview schedule was given to the parents of the selected subjects to collect relevant data regarding socio- economic status of the families, anthropometric measurements, health history of the mothers and child, feeding behavioural problems, nutrient intake and food consumption pattern. Based on the findings of the present it can be concluded that nutritional inadequacies are more common in autistic children. Feeding behavioural problems such as picky eating behaviour, refusal behaviour and food jags are the major reasons for the nutritional inadequacies in autistic children.

KEYWORDS: autism, anthropometric measurements, feeding behavioural problems, nutrient intake

[1] Autism Society of America, Autism and intellectual disability: Two sides of the same coin. American Journal of Medical Genetics, 160(2), 2012,89-90.
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Abstract: According to World Health Organization (WHO), osteoporosis is second only to cardiovascular disease as a global healthcare problem. Health education on osteoporosis is critical for young women to become better aware of the causes and symptoms of osteoporosis, given the critical long-term effects of this illness for women.The main objective of the study was to assess and compare the knowledge, Attitude and Expressed practices of working women regarding prevention of osteoporosis in experimental and comparison group.Quasi experimental non-equivalent control group pretest posttest design was used. Thestudy was conducted at selected institutions of MM University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana. 100 female teaching faculties were selected using convenience sampling. Structured knowledge questionnaire, attitude scale and expressed practices scale was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and expressed practices of working women regarding prevention of osteoporosis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study indicated that the mean post test knowledge, attitude and expressed practice score of working women(29.44±3.52,100.16±6.78,52.20±4.3) in experimental group was significantly higher than the mean post test knowledge, attitude and expressed practice score (17.48±4.47, 84.10±5.85, 46.14±7.48) in comparison group. Positive significantrelationship (r=0.59) was found between post test knowledge and attitude of working women in experimental group. A significant association was found between level of pos test knowledge with religion (t=7.55), post test attitude with religion (t=10.04) and source of knowledge (t=5.25) in experimental group.Informational booklet is an effective strategy in enhancing knowledge, developing favourable attitude, and improving practices of working women regarding prevention of osteoporosis.

Keywords: Informational booklet, osteoporosis, working women, Experimental and control group.

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[4] Rodzik Byrne Elizabeth. Osteoporosis Education in College-Age Women [M.sc Nursing theses].Eastern Michigan University; 2008.

[5] Pande K, PandeSonali , Tripathi S, Kanoi R, Thakur A , Patle S . Poor Knowledge about Osteoporosis in learned Indian Women. JAPI. 2005May; 53: 433-436.

[6] Edmonds Ellen T, Turner Lori W.Osteoporosis Prevention among College Students: Strategies for Health Professionals [PhD thesis]. University of central Ankasas.

[7] ShojaeizadehDavoud, SadeghiRoya, JavadTarrahi Mohammad, AsadiMojgan, safari Hossein, LashgararaBehnam. The effect of educational intervention on prevention of osteoporosis through Health Belief Model (HBM) in volunteers of Khorramabad city Health centre.Annuals of Biological Research. 2012; 3 (1):300-307.

[8] Abushaikha L, Omran S, Barrouq L. Osteoporosis knowledge among female school students in Jordan. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal. 2009;15(4):906-911.

[9] Mahfouz Eman M, KamelGirgisEmad, MosalemFadiaAbd El- Hameed, SamehEman. Osteoporosis-related lifestyle choices and knowledge among adolescent females in el-minia city, Egypt. El-Minia Med. 2007 Jan; 18(1):29-41.
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Abstract: This study investigated the relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among health workers. A total of 116 participants comprising 45 doctors and 71 nurses were selected from National Orthopedic Hospital, Enugu State. They between the ages of 24 years-64 years with a mean age of 45 years. They were selected, making use of purposive stratified sampling technique. The participants were administered a 20-item Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire, 33-item emotional intelligence scale and 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory. Here, regression analysis was applied as a statistical test to analyze the data. The findings revealed that there was a significant positive relationship between emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among health workers (r = .67 < 0.01). This shows that as emotional intelligence increases, job satisfaction will increase.

Keywods: emotional intelligence, job satisfaction, nurses, medical doctors, nigerian health workers.

[1]. Adeyemo, D.A & Ogunyemi, B (2005) Emotional intelligence and self-efficacy as predictors of occupational stress among academic staff in Nigeria University, Nigeria. Unpublished manuscript.
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Abstract: Smoking and tuberculosis (TB) are two major problems of health in the world, even though TB is mostly found in developing countries. After HIV and AIDS spread, TB is the leading cause of death worldwide and is responsible for more than one million deaths every year. The data of World Health Organization (WHO) show that Indonesia becomes the 3rd biggest country of smoker rate after China and India, followed by Russia and United States. Whereas, according to the total population, Indonesia is in the 4th position after China, India, and United States. The aim of this research is to analyze the effects of smoking habit on the development of tuberculosis disease. From the analysis result show: (1) Smoking and TB remain a significant health problem in both developed countries and developing countries, (2) Cigarette smoke has the effects of both pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive in the immune system of respiratory tract, (3) Smoking increases the infection risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the risk of disease progression and death in patients with TB, (4) Quitting smoking plays a role in global tuberculosis control and reduces mortality in patients with TB.

Keywords: Smoking Habit, Tuberculosis, Mortality

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[9]. Gi acomo M, Davi dson PM, Penelope A. Abbot t P, Davison P, Moore L, Thompson S. Smoking cessat ion in indigenous populations of Australia, New Zealand, Canada, andthe United Stat es: Element s of effect ive int ervent ions. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2011;8: 388- 410.
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Abstract: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic disease that still becomes the world's health problem including in Indonesia. WHO states that TB has been considered as a global threat. It is estimated that approximately 1, 9 billions of people or one third of the world population is infected by this disease. Every year, there are about 9 millions new sufferers of TB with about 3 millions mortality. In developing countries, mortality occurs in around 25% of all cases. In fact, it can be avoided by the finding of germs causing TB. The objective of this research is to determine the relationship among social support and life quality of pulmonary TB sufferers, characteristics of pulmonary TB sufferers, magnitude of social support, and level of life quality of pulmonary TB sufferers having treatment at Center for Pulmonary Disease Eradication and Prevention (BP4) of Sanglah of Denpasar and magnitude of contributions of respondent characteristics on life quality of pulmonary TB sufferers. There is a meaningful relationship between social support and life quality of pulmonary TB sufferers. The higher the social support, the better the life quality will be. Age and education variables provide meaningful contributions on life quality. Other variable, namely sex, occupation, and history of treatment do not provide contributions on life quality of pulmonary TB sufferers.

Keywords: Pulmonary Tuberculosis, Mortality, Sanglah-Denpasar

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Abstract: Malaria is a vector borne communicable disease transmitted by the bite of infected female anopheles mosquito. Transmission of malaria vectors are driven by different environmental factors. Malaria is one of the major health problems in India including Karnataka. A qualatitative and quantitative study was conducted among the construction workers in their migratory settlements as well in their work site. The workers were interviewed in order to explore the environmental factors influencing Malaria. For quantitative study, data was collected from 90 respondents by snowball convenient sampling and qualitative information was collected by in-depth interview of 20 respondents at four construction sites in and around Manipal. The quantitative and qualitative findings shows that that water stagnation, bare soil, thick vegetation, open tanks, tyres, containers, garbage disposal, sewage disposal and sullage ,high temperature, high humidity,pre and post rainy season are the major environmental factors that causes malaria.

Keywords: malaria, environmental factors, migrants

[1]. T Akenji, NN Ntonifor, MB Ndukum, H. Kimbi, EL Abongwa, A. Nkwescheu et al, Environmental factors affecting malarial prevalence in rural Bolifamba, South- West Cameroon, African Journal of Health Sciences, 13(1-2), 2006, 41-46.
[2]. S. Bhattacharya, C. Sharma, RC Dhiman, AP Mitra, Climate change and malaria in India, Current Sciences, 90(3), 2006, 369-75.
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[4]. R Kamath, S Gaitonde, P Tripathi, D Das, M Banerjee, M Shetty et al, Clinico-epidemiological profile of malaria: Analysis from a primary health health centre in Karnataka, Southern India. Global Journal Of Medicine And Public Health, 1(6) ,2012.
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[9]. Health Impact Assessment (HIA) of Development Projects with Reference to Mosquito-borne Diseases, A Profile of National Institute of Malaria Research.
[10]. M. Banjerjee, AS Dhakar, S Singh, Qualitative assessment regarding malaria knowledge, attitude and risks among migrant construction workers at construction areas and migratory settlements in Udupi taluk, Karnataka, India, International Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, 3(1), 2013, 29-36.

Abstract:Most pregnant women complain to some degree of minor discomfort. These discomforts are not serious in themselves, but their presence detracts from the mother feeling of comfort and wellbeing. Maternal morbidity and mortality could be prevented significantly if women recognize abnormal signs and promptly seek health care. Aim: The main aim of this study was to evaluate Jordanian women's awareness of pregnancy normal and abnormal signs. Design: This was a descriptive exploratory study. Sample and setting: 340 pregnant women recruited from two MCH centers, were selected randomly between March and June 2011, which took place in the north region of Jordan. Data collection: A structured interview questionnaire form, consisting mostly of closed questions, was developed to collect needed data. Results: The study revealed a good degree of awareness about normal signs associated with pregnancy, and to a less extent about abnormal signs. The commonest complaints of the studied group during their pregnancy were nausea and vomiting, fatigue, back pain, heartburn and vaginal discharge. The use of home remedies for these signs was high. Conclusion: The study recommended the need to include information about abnormal signs of pregnancy by health care providers, particularly the maternity nurses and midwives as a routine care during antenatal visits.

Key words: Awareness, Home Remedies, Pregnancy, Jordan

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[8] B.Baya, G. Sangli, and A. Maiga, Measuring the effects of behavior change interventions in Burkina Faso with population-based survey results. Maryland, USA: JHPIEGO, 2004.

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Abstract: This study investigated nurses' use of facilitating and blocking communication behaviours in cancer care and the associated personal and professional factors. Using cross-sectional quantitative descriptive design and researchers-developed observation guide and questionnaire, data were collected by non-participant observation of 47 nurses working as permanent staff in eight wards admitting predominantly cancer patients in four teaching hospitals in South-Eastern Nigeria. Researchers did non-participant, one-hour event observation and recording of nurses' use of facilitating and blocking behaviours in communicating with three categories of admitted cancer patients – newly diagnosed with early disease signs, patients admitted with recurrence, and those admitted for palliative care. Out of the 721 events of communication behaviours observed, 441(61.2%) were facilitating, 280(38.8%) were blocking. Nurses exhibited highest facilitating behaviours for patients with early disease (208) and blocking behaviours mostly for patients on palliative care (139). Statistically significant relationships were noted among length of stay in cancer unit (p=0.0444) and exposure to post-basic course in cancer care (p<0.0001). Nurses were not good in communicating pains to patients. All nurses caring for cancer patients will most likely benefit from special pre-requisite training in communication and cancer care.

Keywords: blocking behaviours, communication behaviours, Cancer care, facilitating behaviours , personal factors

[1] D. Gauthier, Challenges and opportunities: Communication near the end of life, Medical Surgical Nursing, 17(5), 2008, 291-296. Accessed from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19051974

[2] S. Fukui, K. Ogawa, and N. Fukui, Communication skills training on how to break bad news for Japanese nurses in oncology: Effects of training on nurses‟ confidence and perceived effectiveness, Journal of Cancer Education, 25(1), 2010, 116-119.
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Abstract: Introduction: Patients' rights are an integral component of human rights. An important tenet of nursing is respecting the human rights and dignity of all patients. Protecting the patient rights by the nurses only will be possible when they have gained necessary knowledge about it and suitable conditions be provided for respecting these rights. Objective: To assess the nurses' knowledge, expressed practices and barriers in protection of patients' rights Methodology: A Non Experimental Research Approach was used with Exploratory Survey Design. Data was collected from 206 nurses of MMIMS&R Hospital, Mullana, Ambala by using total enumeration sampling technique. Structured knowledge questionnaire, three point expressed practices rating scale and four point barriers rating scale were used to collect the data. Results: Findings of the study revealed that that Mean knowledge score was 17.11 ± 5.13. One third (33%) of nurses had poor level of Knowledge and minimum number (12%) of nurses had excellent level of knowledge regarding protection of patients' rights. Majority (74%) of the nurses had Good level of expressed practices and 99.5 % of the nurses had barriers in protection of patients' rights. Conclusion: It was concluded that majority of nurses had moderate level of knowledge regarding protection of patients' rights therefore the teaching can be planned for the nurses to enhance their knowledge so that she/he can be an advocate for her/his patients' rights.

Key words: Knowledge, Expressed practices, Barrier, Protection of Patients' rights, , Nurses.

[1]. Kunjumon Betty P. A study conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of trained nurses in protecting patients' rights and factors interfering them. The Nursing Journal of India 2006; April ;XCVII(4):90-91.
[2]. Merakou K, Dalla-Vorgia P and Garanis-Papadatos T. Satisfying patients' rights:A hospital patient survey Nursing Ethics. 2001;8(6):449-508.
[3]. The national medical journal of India. Patient safety in India: time to speed up our efforts to reduce avoidable harm.2012; 25(3):129.
[4]. Barbara,and Seema. Study to Assess knowledge of Legal Responsibilities in Patient Care among graduates. Nurs J India. 2004 April; 95(4):90-1.
[5]. Hariharans, Jonnalagadda R, Walrond E, Moseley H. Knowledge, attitudes and practice of healthcare ethics and law among doctors and nurses in Barbados. BMC Med ethics. 2006 June; 7:7.
[6]. Kunjumon Betty P. A study conducted to assess the knowledge and practice of trained nurses in protecting patients' rights and factors interfering them. The Nursing Journal of India 2006;XCVII(4):90-91 [7]. Hakan Ozdemir M, Ozgür Can I, Ergönen AT, Hilal A, Onder M, Meral D.Midwives and nurses awareness of patients' rights. Midwifery. 2009 Dec; 25(6):756-65.
[8]. Available from URL:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18346826
[9]. Rajesh Kumar, Santosh Mehta, Raminder Kalra.Knowledge of staff nurses regarding legal and ethical responsibilities in the field of psychiatric nursing. Nursing and Midwifery Research Journal 2011 Jan;7(1):1-11.
[10]. S.Joolaee , Tschudin V, Nikbakht-Nasrabadi A, Parsa-Yekta Z. Factors affecting patients' rights practice: the lived experiences of Iranian nurses and physicians. International Nursing Review 2008; 55:55–61