iosr-JPBS   Volume-1 ~ Issue-2

Abstract: Background : Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was assayed in the sera of 40 adult male and 40 adult female patients within the age group of 16-50 years presenting with acute, Plasmodium falciparum malaria infection and a control group of 40 healthy adults within the same age group.
Study objective: Study was design to determine diagnostic value of serum LDH activity in patient with acute P.falciparum Infection.
Methods: Patient selection and pre-qualification were done by simple random sampling of individuals presenting at the MBS Hospital Outpatient Department with a history of fever and malaise within a period of one to eight days, and who were confirmed to be infected with the P. falciparum malaria parasite by microscopically examination of Giemsa-stained thin blood slides.
Results: The mean serum LDH activity in male patients was found to be 564 ±236.0 IU. This activity is significantly higher than the control LDH activity of 237.10±19.0 IU (p-value is less than 0.05). The mean serum LDH activity among female patients was 468 ±177.0 IU, which is a relatively higher activity compared to the control LDH activity of 237.10 ±19.0 IU (p-value is less than 0.05).
Conclusion: The combination of acute hepatocellular injury and red cell haemolysis induced by the invading merozoites may account for the increase in serum LDH activity during this infection. Therefore serum LDH activity is a potentially valuable enzymatic marker of falciparum malaria infection.

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Abstract- Introduction: Gram-negative pathogens are an important cause of hospital acquired infections throughout the world. Klebsiella pneumoniae has become one of the more common causes of nosocomial infections.
Materials and methods: A total number of 1264 urine, 544 pus and 784 sputum samples from January 2008 to October 2010 were included in the study. Isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae were identified by their morphological and biochemical characteristics. All the isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae identified were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity testing by modified Kirby-bauer disc diffusion method.
Results: The number of klebsiella pneumoniae isolates were 254 from 1264 urine samples, 135 from 544 pus samples and 191 from 784 sputum samples. Majority of the strains isolated were sensitive to Amikacin.
Conclusion: The present study from 2008 to 2010 reveals the incidence of infections due to klebsiella pneumoniae strains in the hospitalized patients and their tendency towards antibiotic resistance.
Key words: Kebsiella pneumoniae, nosocomial infections, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, beta-lactamase, ESBL's, Gram-negative, non-motile, urease.

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ABSTRACTS: Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae (Xcm) caused bacterial black spot of mango in Karnataka. The extent to which bactericides control this disease effectively is low. In this study the bactericidal effect of different products was assessed in vitro on mango plants under greenhouse conditions. Six commercial formulate and combinations were tested. In vitro analysis showed that minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of copper sulphate with a MIC value of 100 μl/ml and bavistin which was not active at 500 μl/ml. MIC values of commercial formulate bactrinashak ranged between 5 and 30 μg/ml, and combinations of copper oxychloride + copper sulphate; streptocycline + bactrinashak; mancozeb + copper oxychloride, mancozeb + bavistin and bavistin + bactrinashak, showed a great effect at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Treatments including copper sulphate and copper oxychloride significantly shows inhibition zone, whereas bavistin alone was less effective, these combinations of different antibacterial substances results were better than copper sulphate alone. We conclude that the combination of copper sulphate with streptocycline, bactrinashak may be useful in controlling symptoms of this disease in greenhouses.
Key Words: Commercial formulates, in vitro, Mango, Black spot disease.

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