Series-1 (Nov. – Dec. 2021)Nov. – Dec. 2021 Issue Statistics
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Foundation Design Consideration In Marginal Lands Of South-Western Niger Delta (Nigeria) |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Dickenson D. HECTOR || Ifiok M. IBANGA || Iniemem J. INIM |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0906010109  |
Abstract: This study involves a pre-construction investigation to characterise the subsurface lithology and recommend an appropriate foundation design for a one-storey building in a marginal land of the south-western Niger Delta. The soil investigation results indicate a dark-grey peat layer existing from top to a depth of 4.5 m, followed by a soft-greyish organic clay occurs to a depth of 12 m. This clay has an undrained shear strength between 21.17 – 22.52 KN/m2, coefficient of permeability between 1.2 x 10-6 - 1.85 x 10-8 cm/sec, coefficient of compressibility between 24.34 – 25.28 m2/MN, and the coefficient of consolidation 0.94 – 1.45 m2/yr indicating low permeability and moderately to low compressibility........
Keyword: Southwestern Niger Delta, Marginal Lands, Pile Foundation Design, Building Load, Vertical Stress, Bearing Capacities, Total Settlement, Rate of Settlement
[1]. Abam TKS, Okogbue CO (1993) Utilisation of marginal lands for construction in the Niger Delta. Bulletin of the International Association of Engineering Geology 48: 5-14
[2]. Amadi, A.N. (2009) A review of the causes of building failure in Nigeria with emphasis on the role of a Geologist. NMGS 45Th Annual international conference, Owerri, book of Abstract, p 101.
[3]. Amadi AN, Eze CJ, Igwe CO, Okunlola IA, Okoye NO (2012) Architect's and geologist's view on the causes of building failures in Nigeria. Mod Appl Sci 6: 31-38.
[4]. American Society for Testing of Materials (1997). Annualbook of ASTM standards, Vol. 04.08, Conshoshocken, Pa.
[5]. Bowles, J.E. (1977), Foundation Analysis and Design. 2nd Edition. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York., 750 pages.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Geophysical perspective of road pavement failure: a case study of Ikot Ekpene- Umuahia road, Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Udoinyang, I. E. || George, N. J. || Ekere, Akpan |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0906011016 |
Abstract: Geophysical survey using two dimensional resistivity methods was undertaken to investigate the causes of pavement failure along the Ikot Ekpene - Umuahia road. The study was centered on some perennial failed parts of the road namely Ariam, Awomnkwu, Ekebedi Oboro, Ogbubule Oboro, Okwe-ukwu Oboro, Ndoro Oboro, Umudike,Ahiaeke Ndume, Ehimiri using subsurface electrical method, which reveals the subsurface geology( lithology) at each location after interpretation. Abem Terrameter SAS 1000 was employed and the apparent resistivity values were used. The lithology of the subsurface reveals that their resistivity falls between >83Ωm to 103Ω. The geoelectric zones constructed from the VES resistivity structures shows that the pavement segments were founded on a shallow basement near low resistive layer bereft of vital geological features. This made it impossible for the pavement to withstand stress as a result of load from road users.
Keywords :- Geophysical survey, Pavement failure, ABEM Terrameter, Lithology, Thickly low resistivity layer.
[1]. Adegoke - Anthony, W.C. and Agada, O.A. 1980. Geotechnical characteristics of some residual soils and their implications on road design in Nigeria. Technical Lecture. Lagos, Nigeria. P. 1 – 16.
[2]. Adeyemo, I.A. and Omosuyi, G.A. 2012. Geophysical Investigation of Road Pavement Instability along Akure Owo express way, South Western Nigeria. American Journal of Research. 3(4), P.191-197.
[3]. Agwae, G. O., Geology, geochemistry and industrial potentials of marble deposits in Igarra Area, Southwestern Nige- ria 2011.University of Nigeria Nsukka, An Unpublished M.Sc Thesis.
[4]. Aigbedion, I. 2007. Geophysical Investigation of Road Failure Using Electromagne-tic Profile along Opoji Uwelench and Illeh in Ekpoma, Nigeria.
[5]. Aigbedion, I., "Geological and geophysical evidence for the road failures in Edo state, Nigeria". Environmental Geology, 2007. Berlin, pp 101- 103
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Application of QGIS in Identification of Igneous Rocks Using Digital Image Histogram |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. Vikas Swarnkar || Dr. S. D. Deshmukh || Dharmesh Deshmukh |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0906011731 |
Abstract: The spectral signatures of various igneous rocks were studied using histograms of satellite images and digital photographs of hand specimen of rocks. Comparison of histogram of digital image of hand specimen of a known rock was done with satellite image of a terrain of known geographical location and the igneous rocks were identified on the basis of similarity of image histograms. It was found on the basis of study of histograms of gabbro, granite, basalt and rhyolite that the shape of histogram of images cropped from Google Earth and those from images of hand specimens of known rocks and photographs of glazed rocks taken from internet were showing high degree of resemblance.
Keywords : Image histogram, Digital image histogram, Igneous rock, Identification of Rocks
[1]. Blaschke, T., 2010: Object based image analysis for remote sensing. ISPRS journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, 65 (1), 2-16.
[2]. Burger, W. & Burge, M.(2008) Digital Image Processing ~ Processing – An Algorithmic Introduction using Java Springer-Verlag, New York
[3]. Guangpeng Fan, FeixiangChen,Danyu Chen, Yan Li,and Yanqi Dong.(2020).A Deep Learning Model for Quick and Accurate Rock Recognition with Smartphones.Mobile Information Systems Volume 2020, Article ID 7462524, 14 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7462524.
[4]. https://crisp.nus.edu.sg/~research/tutorial/tmp/image.htm
[5]. https://geology.com/rocks/basalt.shtml
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Microtremors for site effect evaluation at the new Kima factory, Aswan, Egypt |
| Country | : | Egypt |
| Authors | : | Abdelnasser Mohamed || Rafaat Fat-Helbary || Ezzat Elamin |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0906013240 |
Abstract: The evaluation of site effect is one of the key parameters in seismic hazard mitigation. Over the most recent quite a few years, destructive earthquakes happening near populated and metropolitan zones showed that site effect can assume a significant part to the resulting damages. Numerous techniques have been applied to quantify the site response and characterize the site effect functions. Microtremor method is probably the most used technique to calculate the resonance frequency within urban areas. The Egyptian government constructed a new factory (new Kima factory) for fertilize, southeast Aswan city......
Key Word: Site effect; Microtremors; Kima factory.
[1]. Al-Qaryouti M. and Al-Tarazi E. (2007). Local site effects estimated from ambient vibration measurements at Aqaba City, Jordan, Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 11, 44-55.
[2]. Andrews, D. J. (1986). Objective determination of source parameters and similarity of earthquakes of different size. In: Das, S., Boatwright, J., Scholz, C.H. (Eds.), Earthquake Source Mechanisms. American Geophysical Union, Washington D. C., pp. 259–268.
[3]. Bard, P.-Y. 1998. Microtremor measurements: A tool for site effect estimation. Second International Symposium on the Effects of Surface Geology on Seismic Motion, Irikura, Kudo Okada &Sasatani (eds), Balkema, pp. 1251-1279.
[4]. Bard, P.-Y. (2000). Lecture notes on 'Seismology, Seismic Hazard Assessment and Risk Mitigation', International Training Course, Potsdam, p. 160.
[5]. Bard, P. Y., Duval, A. M., Lebrun, B., Lachet, C., Riepl, J., Hatzfeld, D. (1997). Reliability of the H/V technique for site effects measurement: an experimental assessment. In: Seventh International Conference on Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Istanbul, July 19–24.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Petrophysical Analysis of Some Hydrocarbon Reservoirs in Eastern Niger Delta Basin Using Well Logs |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Oki, Austin Oyinkuro || Opukumo, Alfred Wilson |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0906014151 |
Abstract: Petrophysical parameters were investigated on sandstone reservoirs of three wells in X-Field of Eastern Niger Delta basin with the aim of assessing the quality of the reservoir rock units for hydrocarbon production. Well logs were used for different parameters: Gamma-ray and Neutron logs for lithology identification; Resistivity log for Fluid-type discrimination; Density log for Porosity determination. A total of three reservoir sands (A, B and C) were identified and correlated across all three wells using Gamma-Ray logs. Average values for Gross thickness, Shale volume, Net thickness, Net to Gross, Effective porosity, Water saturation and Permeability for all three reservoirs were estimated using Petrel software. Gross thickness of A, B and C were 91.33, 214.66 and 206.66ft, respectively. Shale......
Keywords: Petrophysical properties, Well logs, Petrel, Hydrocarbon
[1]. Andesiheh A. A., Reijers T. J. A., Nwajide, C. S. 1997. Sequence stratigraphy framework of the Niger Delta. Paper presented at the AAPG International Conference and Exhibition, Vienna, Austria.
[2]. Asquith G, Gibson C. 1982. Basic Well-log analysis for Geologists. AAPG Methods for Exploration Series. 3:132-135.
[3]. Ologe O. 2016. Reservoir evaluation of "T-X" (Onshore, Niger Delta) from well logs petrophyscial analysis. Bayero Journal of Pure and AppliedSciences. 9(2):132-140.
[4]. Essien UE, Akankpo AO, Agbasi OE. 2017. Evaluation of reservoir petrophysical parameters in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. International Journal of Advanced Geosciences. 5(1):19-25.
[5]. Ikeagwuani F. O. 1979. Trends of petroleum exploration in Nigeria. Publication of the Petroleum Inspectorate, NNPC, Lagos. 65 – 72.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Hydrogeological Characterisation of Subsurface Fractures from Azimuthal Resistivity Surveys: A Case Study of Gonin Gora, Kaduna, Northwestern Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Alimi, Jamiu A. || Nwali, Chima N. || Omotayo, Kayode E. |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0906015260 |
Abstract: Background: Study for the hydrogeological characterisation of fracture patterns in the rocks of Gonin Gora northwestern Nigeria was carried out using geological, hydrogeological and azimuthal direct current electrical resistivity methods. Materials and Methods: Fracture orientations, width and spacing were studied on rock outcrops in the area. Water table, total well depths and ground elevation were measured in 17 open wells. Azimuthal electrical resistivity measurements were carried out along four azimuths (0o, 045o, 090o and 135o) at three different stations. The field-measured fracture orientations were plotted on polar plots to determine the principal fracture direction. Groundwater level.....
Key words: Gonin Gora, azimuthal, groundwater, fracture orientation, anisotropy
[1]. Bayewu, O. O., Oloruntola M. O., Mosuro G. O., Folorunso, I. O. and Kolawole, A. U. Evaluation of resistivity anisotropy of parts of Ijebu Igbo, Southwestern Nigeria using azimuthal resistivity survey (ARS) method. Journal of Geography and Geology. 2014; (6) 4.
[2]. Taylor, R. W., & Fleming, A. H. Characterizing jointed systems by azimuthal resistivity surveys. Groundwater. 1988; (2): 464-474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1988.tb00413.x
[3]. USGS. Square array direct-current resistivity measurements conducted at Nye County near Borehole NC-EWDP-29P. US Geological Surveys, 2006.
[4]. Boadu, F.K., Gyamfi, J., and Owusu, E. Determining subsurfacefFracture characteristics from azimuthal resistivity surveys: a case study at Nsawam, Ghana. Geophysics. 2005; (70) 5: B35–B42.
[5]. Asare, V.S., Gyasi, E. and Okyere, B.F. Azimuthal resistivity sounding with the symmetric Schlumberger and the Alpha Wenner arrays to study subsurface electrical anisotropy variation with depth. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications. 2015; (5) 5.