IOSR-JAP   Volume-4 ~ Issue-1 ~ May–June 2013

Abstract: Sulphanilamide is the parent compound of all the sulpha-durgs which is important in urinary tract infections and meningococcal meningitis profilaxes. Ultrasonic velocity measurements are highly sensitive to molecular interactions and used to provide qualitative informations about the physical nature and strength of the molecular ∕inter-ionic interactions. In the present work, non-aqueous solutions of Sulphanilamide have been prepared with different concentrations and the experiments were carried out from a low temperature of 50c to a high temperature of 550c. The ultrasonic velocity data combined with density and viscosity provides the standard means for determining the internal pressure, free volume and acoustical parameters. The various interactions occurring in the solutions are interpreted interms of ion-ion and ion-solvent interactions. An attempt is made to identify the entry of solvate into the samples and the entry of drug molecules into the solvate which supports to identify the molecular structure.

Keywords : Acoustical parameters, free volume, Internal pressure, ion-solvent interactions ,ion-ion interactions.

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[9]. Jasmine Vasantha Rani E., Padmavathy R.,Kannagi K., Acoustic waves , 11(2011)152-162.

[10] Jasmine Vasantha Rani E.,Geetha, K., Solachi,V., Padmavathy R., and Kavitha J., J. Acou.Soc.India,vol.31 ,1-4(2003),323-326.

Abstract: The spectroscopic methods of the different regions of the Electromagnetic spectrum are the most powerful and useful techniques available for the understanding of molecular structure, nature of bonding between atoms, confirmation analysis, symmetry of molecules, ions in crystals and so forth. The high resolution IR spectroscopic studies have recently received a great thrust due to the advent of advanced Fourier transform spectrometers. In the present investigation the spectral changes are studied in the vibrational spectra of thiourea, thiosemi carbazide in non aqueous solvent. The H2N stretching vibrations observed at 3371cm¯¹, 3259cm¯¹, & 3156cm¯¹ indicated that 3 different types of NH2 groups arising out of tautomeric form. The results obtained from the present study confirm that the solute – solvent interactions occurring in the solution is through intermolecular H- bonding.

Keywords – Dimeric structure, Hydrogen bonding, Thiosemicarbazide, Thiourea.

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Abstract: In this paper a linear relationship in stellar optical spectra has been found by using a spectroscopical method used on optical light sources where it is possible to organize atomic and ionic data. This method is based on a new intensity formula in optical emission spectroscopy (OES). Like the HR-diagram , it seems to be possible to organize the luminosity of stars from different spectral classes. From that organization it is possible to determine the temperature , density and mass of stars by using the new intensity formula. These temperature, density and mass values agree well with literature values. It is also possible to determine the mean electron temperature of the optical layers (photospheres) of the stars as it is for atoms in the for laboratory plasmas. The mean value of the ionization energies of the different elements of the stars has shown to be very significant for each star. This paper also shows that the hydrogen Balmer absorption lines in the stars follow the new intensity formula.

Keywords: Astrophysics, Emission Spectroscopy Linear, Relationships

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Abstract: The need for a rapid, famous method for hair removal has led to the development of various laser for hair removal. These include ruby, alexandrite, diode, and Nd:YAG lasers. This research discusses the basic principles of laser hair removal, examines theoretically the properties of specific laser systems, and focuses on patient selection and treatment protocols for the various systems designed to ensure safe and effective treatment.

Key Words: Hair removal, laser procedure, 694 nm, ruby lase755 nm,Alexandrite1064nm and Nd;YAG laser.

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Abstract: Hyperspherical three body calculations are performed to study and review the various properties of the hypertriton bound state nucleus 3H in the quark model using -N potentials. In these calculations we study the different effects of the -N potentials on the hypertriton bound states as well as the separation energy B. A combination of realistic two body N-N potentials with various - N potentials are considered. Complete symmetric and mixed symmetric wave functions are introduced. using the renormalized Numerov method. The agreement between the calculated 3H binding energies and the available experimental data basically depends on the type of the -N interactions used in the calculations. It was found that the -N potentials are the most effective part in the hypertriton binding energy as well as the separation energy B where the -N potentials is very effective to bound or unbound the 3H hyper nucleus Pacs numbers: 21.30. + y, 21.10.+dr,27.20.+n

Keywords: Hyper spherical three body calculations.-N and N-N quark model potentials, Hyper nucleus 3H .

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Abstract: Mercuric Iodate Crystals were grown by a simple gel technique using diffusion method. The optimum growth conditions were established for the growth of these crystals by changing various parameters such as pH of the gel solution, gel concentration, gel setting time, concentrations of reactants etc. The grown Mercuric Iodate crystals were spherical in shape. These crystals were opaque. The crystals were characterized using UV-VIS Specrophotometrry. .

Keywords. Gel technique, mercuric iodate crystals, UV-VIS Specrophotometrry.

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Abstract: - Titanium dioxide films were formed on quartz and crystalline p-Si (100) substrates by DC reactive magnetron sputtering method. Pure titanium target was sputtered at a constant oxygen partial pressure of 5x10-2 Pa, and at different sputtering powers in the range 80 – 200 W. The as-deposited films were annealed in air for 1 hour at 1023 K. The deposited films were characterized by studying the surface morphology by atomic force microscopy (AFM), electrical and dielectric properties from current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements. Atomic force micrographs of the films showed that the Rrms and Ra increased with the increase of sputter power from 80 to 200 W. The leakage current density was increased by increasing the sputtering power.

Keyword: - AFM, DC sputtering technique, Titanium dioxide thin film.

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Abstract: Cubic structured nickel-zinc ferrite nanoparticles (Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4) have been synthesized by thermal treatment method. This simple procedure employed an aqueous solution containing only metal nitrates as precursors, polyvinyl pyrrolidone as a capping agent, and deionized water as a solvent. The solution was thoroughly stirred for 2 hour, dried at 353 K for 3 hour, the dried material crushed into powder and calcined the powder at 873 K to remove organic substances and crystallize the particles. The microstructure properties of the prepared ferrite nanoparticles were measured using FTIR, XRD, TEM, and EDX and the magnetic properties were determined using VSM and EPR. The average particle size increased from 7 to 22 nm with the increase of calcination temperature from 723 to 873 K. The saturation magnetization, coercivity field, and g-factor increased respectively from 24 emu/g, 11 G, and 2.0673at 723 K to 38 emu/g, 60 G, and 2.1227 at 873 K. This method offers simplicity, a low cost, and an environmentally friendly operation since it produces no by-product effluents.

Keywords: Thermal treatment; nickel-zinc ferrite; nanoparticles; structural and magnetic properties

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Abstract: An approximate model, which is developed previously, is extended to solve the half – space problems in the case of extremely anisotropic scattering kernels. The scattering kernel is assumed to be a combination of isotropic plus a forward and backward leak. The transport equation is transformed into an equivalent fictitious one involving only multiple isotropic scattering, therefore permitting the application of the previously developed method for treating isotropic scattering. It has been shown that the method solves the albedo half – space problem in a concise manner and leads to fast converging numerical results as shown in the Tables. For pure scattering and weakly absorbing medium the computations can be performed by hand with a pocket calculator

Keywords: Approximate model, Anisotropic scattering, Albedo problem, Half – space, Transport equation.

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Abstract: The electrocardiogram (ECG) signals which are extensively used for heart disease diagnosis and patient monitoring are usually corrupted with various sources of noise. In this paper, an algorithm is developed to de-noise ECG signals based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) with application of Higher Order Statistics (HOS). The algorithm is applied on several ECG signals for different levels of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). The SNR improvement (SNRimp) and Percent Root mean square Difference (PRD (%)) are analyzed. The results show that the developed algorithm is a reasonable one to de-noise ECG signals.

Keywords: ECG, Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Higher Order Statistics (HOS), Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF)

[1] L. Sharma, S. Dandapat, and A. Mahanta, Multiscale Wavelet Energies and Relative Energy Based De-noising of ECG Signal, in Communication Control and Computing Technologies, IEEE International Conference , 2010, 491 –495.

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Abstract: From radio source unification scheme, asymmetries are more pronounced in quasars than in radio galaxies. Using a sample of 625 double radio sources (316 radio galaxies and 309 quasars), we investigated the variations between bend angle, arm-length ratio and redshift. We find no significant correlation (0.045) between bend angle and redshift for the entire sample and at low z for radio galaxies while a weak correlation (0.121) between bend angle and redshift for quasars for the entire sampleis observed. A weak correlation (radio galaxies, r = 0.173 and quasars, r = 0.102) between the bend angle and arm-length ratio for the double radio sources used in this study is observed. Kharbet al. (2008) in their study of powerful classical double radio galaxies noted that this correlation could suggest that the environmental asymmetries that give rise to the arm-length ratio could be contributory to the misalignment angles in these sources. Quasars appear much more bent and misaligned. This is consistent with quasars being radio galaxies viewed at small angles.

Keywords: bend angle, arm-length ratio, unification: radio galaxies – quasars, redshift

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Abstract: This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta on the micro-anatomy of the liver and some biochemical parameters in adult Wistar rats. Thirty rats weighing between 140-180g were assigned to three groups (A, B and C) with ten animals each. Group A served as the control while groups B and C served as the experimental groups and received 100mg/kgbw and 200mg/kgbw of the extract respectively for fourteen days. All the animals were sacrificed after fourteen days. Blood was collected by cardiac puncture for biochemical analysis of serum liver enzymes s The liver was removed, preserved and processed for paraffin sections and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The animals in the control group showed normal histological and biochemical parameters. Conversely, animals that received 100mg/kgbw of the extract showed slight difference in their hepatic cyto-architecture while animals that were administered with 200mg/kgbw of the extract revealed distorted morphological feature showing shrunken sinusoid and dilation of the central vein suggesting that the extract has adverse effect on the morphology of the liver. Results of the serum liver enzymes of animals treated with 100mg/kgbw and 200mg/kg revealed significantly decreased values of AST, ALP and ALT (P <0.05) relative to the control. From the result of this experiment, it is concluded that administration of ethanolic extract of Sida acuta leaves may be toxic to Wistar rats at the doses administered.

Keywords – Biochemical, Liver, Microanatomy, Serum enzymes, Sida acuta

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Abstract: Tetraaqua bismaleatocobalt(II) crystals are grown by the controlled ionic diffusion in hydrosilica gel. The functional groups present in the crystal are identified using FTIR spectrum. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic system with space group P-1. The thermogravimetric studies revealed a three stage decomposition scheme. The polarization mechanism of the compound is explored using the dielectric measurements. The optical band gap of the material is found to be 2.4 eV from diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The narrow magnetic hysteresis loop and structural considerations indicate the weak ferromagnetic behaviour of the material.

Keywords - Crystal structure, Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Infrared spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction

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Abstract: Everybody is in the state of constant vibration, since vibration is the cause of the entire universe. Consequent upon this, a body under the influence of attractive force that is central in character may also vibrate up and down about its own equilibrium axis as it undergoes a central-force motion. The up and down vertical oscillation would cause the body to have another independent generalized coordinates in addition to the one of rotational coordinates in the elliptical plane. In this work, we examine the mechanics of a central-force motion when the effect of vertical oscillation is added. The differential orbit equation of the path taken by the body varies maximally from those of the usual central- force field. The path velocity of the body converges to the critical speed in the absence of the tangential oscillating phase.

Keywords: Elliptical plane, upper and lower radial orbital oscillating angles, upper and lower vertical oscillating angles, vertical oscillation, critical velocity, drag oscillating force.

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Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to point out a major derivational error in Albert Einstein's 1905 paper titled "ON THE ELECTRODYNAMICS OF MOVING BODIES". An alternate expression for coordinate transformation is derived which shows that the time co-ordinate of the moving clock cannot be expressed in terms of the temporal and spatial co-ordinate of the stationary system. Keywords – Special theory of relativity, on the electrodynamics of moving bodies, coordinate transformation, kinematical part, definition of simultaneity.

[1] Albert Einstein, On the electrodynamics of moving bodies, (Zur Electrodynamik bewegter Kȍrper) Annalen der Physik, 1905,
http://www.fourmilab.ch/einstein/specrel/specrel.pdf page 5-6.