iosr-JMCE   National Conference On "Innovative Approaches In Mechanical Engineering"

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Rocket Motor Hardware Design and Structural Analysis
Country	:	India
Authors	:	M.Balu || K.Rajanikanth || B.Bhaskar || B.Santosh

Abstract: The rocket motor generally used for launching satellites and missiles. The motor consists the casing, nozzle, head end dome, propellant and igniters. The rocket motor hardware design is carried out generally with metals and composites materials In this project work literature survey carried out on the rocket motors. So the material selection is done and finally with suitable material, the rocket motor hardware is designed using ASME pressure vessel code. For the optimization point of view the hardware structural analysis is carried out using ANSYS package and weight is minimized. The structural analysis result comparison has carried out with test results.

[1] Devon K. Cowles ―Design of a Rocket Motor Casing‖
[2] "Solid Rocket Motor." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation.
[3] DEVELOPMENT OF LARGE SOLID ROCKET MOTORS
[4] Sutton, George Paul. Rocket Propulsion Elements. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1992
[5] "Retro Rockets" Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation.
[6] ―Modern Weapons and Weapon Systems,‖ Technology of War article, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Volume 29, 1992.
[7] Lamé, G. ―Leçons sur la Théorie Mathématique de l"Élasticité des Corps Solides,‖ Gauthier-Villars, Paris, 1852

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Mathematical Model for Metal Removal in Abrasive Jet Drilling
Country	:	India
Authors	:	D.V.Srikanth || Dr.M.SreenivasaRao

Abstract: In order to calculate material removal rate, formula have been developed from fundamentals .Since they are fundamentals they are more accurate than the theoretical formula being used by various authors. The result obtained by the proposed formula is compared with theoretical formula and is reported .Development of equations for material removal rate of AJM using fundamental principles. Abrasive jet machining is an advanced machining process and works based on mechanical energy. The metal removal takes place in AJM using high velocity abrasive particles mixed with a carrier gas (air) which imp rises on the work surface. This process works based on surface erosion process . The process parameters which controls the metal removal rate are air quality& pressure,...........

Keywords: Abrasive jet machine, material removal rate, Equabring, fundamentals.

[1]. Ingulli.C.N,‖Abrasive Jet Machining‖Tool and Manufacturing Engg –Vol-59 p-28-1967.
[2]. M L Neema and P C Pandey. 'Erosion of Glass When Act Upon by an Abrasive Jet' Proceedings of InternationGI ConfneTice on Wear of Materials, 1977.
[3]. A Bhattacharya. 'New Technology'. The Institution of Engineers (India), 1976

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Experimental Investigation of Friction Stir Welding Of T6061 and T6082 Aluminium Alloys by Using En19 Circular and Taper Tool
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Ch.Ranga Rao || B.Srinivasulu

Abstract: Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is solid state Joining Process. Heat is generated between tool and work piece and there is no need of filler material for joining similar and dissimilar materials. An experimental investigation has been conducted on a Milling machine for joining aluminum of grade 6061 with 6061, 6082 with 6082, 6061 with 6082 by using EN19 Tool material with Round and Taper Profiles with a Rotational speed of 1120 RPM, Feed 25 mm/min and depth of cut 3.5 mm, inclinational angle of the tool 0.5. The mechanical properties of the joints, Ultimate Strength, Yield strength, Vickers Hardness and Microstructure of the joints are evaluated. The results found that 6061-6061 with Taper profile has given has good Hardness (57HV), Tensile Strength(142 N/mm2) and Yield Strength(112 N/mm2) and Grain Structure number is 6 (ASTM E112)

[1]. W. Thomas, E. Nicholas, J. Needham et al., G.B. Patent Application No. 9125978.8 (Dec 1991).
[2]. SareCelik1,* and RecepCakir2Metals 2016Effect of Friction StirWelding Parameters on the Mechanical and Microstructure Properties of the Al-Cu Butt Joint,133; doi:10.3390/met6060133.
[3]. M. Miličić, p. Gladović, r. Bojanić, t. Savković, n. Stojić, Friction stir welding (FSW) process of copper alloys METABK 55(1) 107-110 (2016), ISSN 0543-5846
[4]. Friction Stir Processing of AA6061 a study :Antony et al,IJETAE, vol3,Issue1,Jan 2013
[5]. Microstructure and mechanical Properties of similar and dissimilar joining of Al.alloy and Pure Copper by Friction Stir Welding: V.C.Sinha et al, Science Direct (2016),8,543-546

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Analysis of Surface Roughness in Turning Process by Optimizing Grade of Accuracy and Metal Removal Rate
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Busi Ashok Kumar || Dr V V Prathibha Bharathi || A. Jaya Murali Krishna

Abstract: Turning method is one in every of the foremost elementary machining processes utilized in the producing business. the method of turning is influenced by several factors like cutting rate, feed rate, depth of cut, pure mathematics of cutlery, and cutting conditions etc., to call many. In machining operations, achieving the specified surface quality of the machined product is de facto a difficult job. this is often owing to the very fact that quality is extremely influenced by method parameters directly or indirectly. However, the extent of great influence of the method parameters is totally different for various responses. during this the result of insert nose radius and machining parameters as well as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut on surface roughness in an exceedingly turning operation area unit investigated by victimization the Taguchi improvement methodology with the assistance of CREO constant quantity software system and ANSYS.

Keywords – Cutting speed, CREO, Feed rate, Turning.

[1] Using the Response Surface Method to Optimize the Turning Process of AISI 12L14 Steel
[2] Optimization of Process Parameters of Turning Parts: A Taguchi Approach by Neeraj Sharma, Renu Sharma
[3] The Effect of Tool Construction and Cutting Parameters on Surface Roughness and Vibration in Turning of AISI 1045 Steel Using Taguchi Method by Rogov Vladimir Aleksandrovich, GhorbaniSiamak
[4] Parametric investigation of turning process on mild steel aisi 1018 material by J. M. Gadhiya, P. J. Patel

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Analysis and Optimisation of Process Parameters for Obtaining Optimal Surface Finish Using Cvd and Pvd Coated Cemented Carbide Tools in Turning Operation
Country	:	India
Authors	:	A. Muni Tanuja || Anoop Kumar

Abstract: The product's accuracy and surface finish depends upon the process parameters governing the process conditions. The main objective of this study is to analyse and optimise the metal cutting parameters in turning of AISI-1016 steel. The optimisation of process parameters is done for minimising the surface roughness using Taguchi's technique and Analysis of variance(ANOVA). The different cutting tools coated with different methods, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) are used to obtain better surface finish. Taguchi's design of Experiments (L9 array) is used and accordingly experiments conducted at different cutting conditions. The four process parameters selected are Cutting Speed (V), Feed (f), Depth of cut (d) and Hardness Ratio between tool and material (h) and optimal value of these process parameters is evaluated and identified the level of importance of these parameters by using ANOVA.

Keywords - ANOVA, CVD, Design of Experiments, PVD, Taguchi's technique.

[1]. Adeel H. Suhail, N. Ismail, S.V. Wong and N.A. Abdul Jalil [2010], Optimization of Cutting Parameters Based on Surface Roughness and Assistance of Workpiece Surface Temperature in Turning Process, American J. of Engineering and Applied Sciences 3 (1): 102-108, 2010
[2]. V.N. Gaitondea, S.R. Karnikb, J. Paulo Davim [2008], Selection of optimal MQL and cutting conditions for enhancing machinability in turning of brass, journal of materials processing technology 2 0 4 ( 2 0 0 8 ) 459–464
[3]. NexhatQehaja, KaltrineJakupi, AvdylBunjaku, MirlindBruçi, HysniOsmani , Effect of Machining Parameters and Machining Time on Surface Roughness in Dry Turning Process, 25th DAAAM International Symposium on Intelligent Manufacturing and Automation, DAAAM 2014.
[4]. Haruyo Fukui, Evolutional History of Coating Technologies for Cemented Carbide Inserts — Chemical Vapor Deposition and Physical Vapor Deposition, SEI Technical Review, April 2016.
[5]. Sudhansu Ranjan Das, Asutosh Panda and DebabrataDhupal, Experimental investigation of surface roughness, flank wear, chip morphology and cost estimation during machining of hardened AISI 4340 steel with coated carbide insert, Das et al. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Modern Processes (2017).

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm for Job Shop Scheduling
Country	:	India
Authors	:	P.Parvathi Srutha Keerthi

Abstract: Scheduling, one of the most important decision making process in the operation of manufacturing systems, is defined as a series of activities where it is required to allocate available resources to jobs by determining the exact production schedules for achieving a set of objectives. The dynamic nature of manufacturing systems makes the real life scheduling environment extremely complicated. To ensure the sustainability in this environment, generating effective production schedules in real time is the key in the operational aspect. Job shop scheduling problems (JSSPs) have been studied extensively and most instances of JSSP are NP-hard, which implies that there is no polynomial time algorithm to solve them. As a result, many approximation methods have been explored to find near optimal solutions within reasonable computational efforts. Swarm Intelligence techniques are one of the metaheuristics...........

Keywords - Bench marking Instances, BFOA, JSSP,PSO, Make span

[1]. drum.lib.umd.edu/bitstream/1903/7488/4/25813_cov.pdf

[2]. ftp://ftp.dca.fee.unicamp.br/pub/docs/vonzuben/.../jain98stateart.pdf
[3]. Kevin M. Passino, International Journal of Swarm Intelligence research, 1(1),1-16, January-March,2010
[4]. International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) ,Volume 72– No.5, May 2013,A Study of Bacterial Foraging Optimization Algorithm and its Applications to Solve Simultaneous Equations: Gautam Mahapatra, Soumya Banerjee
[5]. VOL.8,NO.2,FEBRUARY2013, ISSN 1819-6608, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Enhanced bacterial foraging algorithm for permutation flow shop scheduling problems: Shivakumar B. L.and Amudha.T [6]. rajanand.blog.com/files/2010/10/Bacterial-Foraging-for-Engineering.pdf

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effect of Cooling Rates on Microstructures and Properties of API X65 Pipeline Steel during Saw
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Manish Kumar Gupta || Dr.Rajneesh Kumar || Dr.M.K.Mohan

Abstract: The API 5L specification are suitable for use in conveying gases, water or oil under high pressure and at low temperature and also sometimes below Sub-Zero temperature in some cold countries. Apart from high Strength and Weldability, Toughness is much important for such application. In this paper, the formation of Micro-structure in sub-regions of HAZ's that is caused by the Thermal effects of Welding were investigated. The earlier study suggests that a large number of failures of such materials were initiated through the circumferential cracks development in the HAZ's due to Microstructural changes taking place. Present investigation aims at the Microstructural changes and its effect on Mechanical properties like variation in Hardness, Toughness across HAZ's, Weld Metal, and Base Metal............

Keywords - HAZ's, Toughness, Hardness, Weldability, Micro-structure, Weld Metal, Base Metal, API 5L X-65, SAW.

[1]. R. Shukla et al, Microstructure, texture, property relationship in thermo-mechanically processed ultra-low carbon Microalloyed steel for pipeline application; Materials Science & Engineering A587(2013)201–208.
[2]. D. P. Fairchild, "High strength steels beyond X80," in Proceedings of pipe dreamer‟s conference, application and evaluation of high-grade line pipes in hostile environments, (Yokohama, Japan), 2002.
[3]. Nazmul Huda , James Gianetto et al, Influence of martensite-austenite (MA) on impact toughness of X80 line pipe steels; Materials Science & Engineering A662 (2016) 481–491.
[4]. Yongyuth P, Ghosh PK, Gupta PC, Patwardhan AK, Prakash S. "Influence of macro/microstructure on the toughness of ""all weld‟‟ multipass submerged arc welded C–Mn steel deposits". ISIJ Int 1992;32(6): 771– 8.
[5]. Yun Penga, Wuzhu Chena, Zuze Xub "Study of high toughness ferrite wire for submerged arc welding of pipeline steel".Materials Characterization 47 (2001) 67– 73

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Optimization of Parameters for Recycling Of Steel Process by Using Response Surface Methodology
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Allurkar Baswaraj. S || Dr.M.Sreenivasa Rao

Abstract: The need for steel recycling from scrap is need of the hour as huge amount of natural resources are saved and also environmental pollution is minimized. In this paper Response Surface Methodology was applied to optimize process parameters for recycling of steel process. Higher strength is demanded in steel as it is used in construction of civil structures, machinery and in other streams of engineering system. The material selected for experimentation was steel rod of 16 mm diameter manufactured by recycled steel scrap. Experiments were conducted in a secondary steel mill. By considering Hardness (Strength) Number as objective function, experimental analysis was carried out. According to Design of Experiments, 46 experiments were conducted. After performing experiments, data is generated, to which Response Surface Methodology is applied and critical analysis is presented for achieving better quality of secondary steel and enhancing the value Hardness Number of steel.

Keywords - Response Surface Methodology (RSM), Steel Recycling, Process Parameters, DOE. Hardness Number

[1]. S.Bhuvaneshware et., al, 'Application of RSM for adsorption of Cr(VI) from water waste streams by chitosan', Internal Journal of Chemical Technology, Vol.22, Nov.2015, pp. 283 – 290.
[2]. Dayananda Pai et., al, 'Application of Response Surface Methodology on Surface Roughness in Grinding of Aerospace Materials (6061Al-15Vol%SiC25P)', ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Vol.5, No.6, June. 2010, pp. 23 – 28.
[3]. Gokhan Orhan et., al, 'Application of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to Evaluate the Influence of Deposition Parameters on the Electrolytic Cu-Zn Alloy Powder', International Journal of Electrochemical Science, 6 (2011) 3966 – 3981. [4]. Jie-min Zhou et.,al, 'Multiple-response optimization for melting process of aluminum melting furnace based on response surface methodology with desirability function', Journal of South Central University. Oct. 2012, Vol.19, Issue 10, pp. 2875 – 2885.
[5]. Andreas Aditya Hermawan et., al, 'Application and Optimization of Using Recycled Pulp for Methylene Blue Removal from Wastewater: A Response Surface Methodology Approach', International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, Vol. 6, No. 4, April 2015, pp. 267 – 274.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Design and Development of Torsion Test Rig to Find Modulus of Rigidity on Universal Testing Machine
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Gondi Konda Reddy || H Madhusudhana Reddy || K. Shivanand

Abstract: Modulus of rigidity is an important property of materials and provides the right selection ,in the design of Engineering components . Conventional determination of the Modulus of rigidity of materials is carried out on torsion testing machine. In the present case a separate jig is prepared and used in UTM for the determination of modulus of rigidity. The results are compared and found to be narrow difference. This technique may be replaced the conventional torsion machine. In this method we may also reduce another equipment cost.

Keywords - Special jig, Modulus of rigidity, Torsion testing machine, UTM.

[1]. MA Fahmi, A Wahab, "Design of test rig for bending and torsion of vehicle structure" A project report, Universiti Teknical Malaysia Melaka, 2009.
[2]. Jong-sang kim, Darrel., H Renekar ., "Mechanical properties of composites using ultrafine electro spun fibres", Journal of polymer composites,Vol.20.No.1,pp..124-131.
[3]. T.D. Gunneswararao, D. Ramaseshu., "Torsion of steel fiber reinforced concrete members" Journal of cement and concrete research,Vo.33,No.11,pp.1783-1788.
[4]. 4.Mehran Ameli, Hamid R, Ronagh and Peter F.Dux., "Behavior of FRP Strengthened reinforced concrete beams under torsion"Vol.11,No.2, 2007.
[5]. Qing yin et.al., "An experimental and numerical investigation of different shear test configurations for sheet metal consideration" International journal of solids and structures,Vol.51.No.5,2014.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	The Fluid-Coupled Motion of Micro and Nanoscale Cantilevers
Country	:	India
Authors	:	T Paramesh

Abstract: An understanding of the fluid coupled dynamics of micro and nanotechnology has the potential to yield significant advances yet many open and interesting questions remain. As an important example we consider the coupling of two closely spaced cantilevers immersed in a viscous fluid subject to an external driving. While one cantilever is driven to oscillate, the adjacent cantilever is passive. This system is modeled as two simple harmonic oscillators in an array whose motion is coupled through the fluid. Using simplified geometries and the unsteady Stokes equations, an analytical expression is developed that describes the dynamics of the passive cantilever. Full numerical simulations of the fluid-solid interactions that include the precise geometries of interest are performed.............

Keywords - Cantilevers, Fluid Coupled, Nanoscale, Piezoshaker

[1]. Feyman R P. There is plenty of room at the bottom. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 1992. pp. 60-66. Vol. 1.
[2]. Feynman R P. Infinitesimal Machinery. Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, 1993. pp. 4-14. Vol. 2.
[3]. Binnig G, Quate C F and Gerber C. Atomic force microscope. Physical Review Letters, 1986. pp. 930-933. Vol. 56.
[4]. Archibald R, Datskos P, Devault G, Lamberti V, Lavrik N, Noid D, Sepaniak M and Dutta P. Independent component analysis of nanomechanical responses of cantilever arrays. Analytica Chimica Acta, 2007. pp. 101-105. Vol.
[5]. Bargatin I, Kozinsky I and Roukes M L. Efficient electrothermal actuation of multiple modes of high-frequencynanoelectromechanical resonators. Applied Physics Letters, 2007. Vol. 90.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Design Integrating & Process in Engineering to Reduce Production Cycle Time In Development of Product
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Dr. Mahesh Mallampati || Dr. Bejagam Naga Raju || Tirumala Krishna.M

Abstract: Product development teams employ much method's and tool's as they design, test, and manufacturing a new (or improve) product. It is important that the product development team understand how their design and decisions affect manufacture system performances. Having this feedback early in the design processes avoids rework loop's needed to solve problems of manufacturing capacity or cycle time. The team can incorporate this information and associated costs into a design decision problem aimed at choosing the best possible product design. It is clear that the product design, which requires a specific set of manufacturing operations, has a huge impact on the manufacturing cycle time. Reducing manufacturing cycle time has many benefits, including but not limited to lower inventory............

Keywords - Design for Manufacture, Design for Production, Queuing, Product Design, Product Development, Manufacturing Cycle Time.

[1]. Ahmadi, R. and R.H.Wang, "Managing Development Risk in Product Design Process," Operations Research, vol 47, no 2,
pages 235-246, 1999.
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product design, process planning and control," International Journal of Production Research, vol 37, no 3, pages 481-500, 1999.
[3]. Bacon, S.D. and D.C.Brown, "Reasoning about mechanical devices: A top-down approach to deriving behavior from
structure," Computers in Engineering, Proceedings of the 1988 ASME International Computers in Engineering Conference and
Exhibition, vol 1, pages 467-472, 1988.
[4]. Bakerjian, R., editor, "Design for Manufacturability, Tool and Manufacturing Engineers Handbook," vol 6, Society of
Manufacturing Engineers, 1992.
[5]. Balachandra, R., "Some Strategic Aspects of Faster New ProductIntroduction," Engineering Management Conference, pages
226-229, July,1991.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Optimize The Process Parameters Of Friction Stir Welded Aa2014 & Aa6061 Dissimilar Aluminium Alloys By Minitab Software
Country	:	India
Authors	:	R. Venkateswar Rao || Dr.M. Senthil Kumar || E. Shirisha

Abstract: The joining of dissimilar aluminum alloys AA2014 & AA6061 rolled plates on annealed condition are carried out by using friction stir welding (FSW) technique, the process parameters were optimized using Taguchi L9 orthogonal array with 3 factors each at 3 levels. The rotational speed, feed rate and pin profile were the parameters taken into consideration. The S/N ratio in 3 cases (larger the better, smaller the better and nominal is best) is considered for optimize the process parameters. At optimum conditions maximum UTS, YS, %E and HV values are 191, 170, 11.7 &115 respectively.

Keywords - Friction stir welding, dissimilar materials, Aluminium alloys, Taguchi technique.

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[2]. Thomas W M, & Nicholas E D, A review of friction process for aerospace Applications. Int J Mater Prod Technol, 13 (1998) 11245-54.
[3]. Thomas W M, Staines D G, Norrise I M & De Frias R, Friction stir welding-tools and developments. TWL Ltd, Gt Abington, Cambrige, CB1 6AL, UK, FSW seminar. IST-Porto, Portugal (3/12/02) 1-21.
[4]. Thomas W M, Johnoson K I, & Wiesner C S, Friction stir Welding-Recent developments in tools and process Advanced Material Engineering, 5(7) (2003) 485-490.
[5]. Mishra R S, & Ma Z.Y, Friction stir welding and processing. Material Science and Engineering, 50 (2005) 1-78.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Slag Reinforced Polymer Composites
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Tirumala Krishna.M || Dr. Mahesh Mallampati || Dr. Bejagam Naga Raju

Abstract: Most basic and common attractive features of composites that make them useful for industrial applications are low cost, low weight, high specific modulus; renewability and biodegradability .Huge amount of minerals are released from the industries as waste materials which cause serious environmental problems. By appropriate usage of these industrial waste physical and mechanical properties of the conventional polymer materials will be enhanced The objective of present work is to use this industrial waste i.e. Slag as particulate filler material to the epoxy and polyester matrix composites by molding technique with different weight fractions 0%, 5%,10%, 15%, 20% to study the mechanical behavior............

Keywords - Iron wastage (Reinforced Slag), Unsaturated polyester and Epoxy resin, Mechanical Properties, Tensile Strength, Tensile Modulus, Flexural strength, Flexural modulus, Impact Strength.

[1]. M. Koleva, A. Zheglova, V. Vassilev et al., Strength characteristics of polymer composites with waste dust from power production,
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solidification processed elemental Mg", journal of composite material, Vol.41, No. 21/2007.