iosr-JMCE   International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Management (ICETEM-2016)

Abstract: The great strength, uniformity, light weight and many other desirable properties makes steel the material of choice for numerous structures such as steel bridges, high rise buildings, towers and other structures. Steel structures situated in high seismic activity should be stiff enough to limit the drift and should have enough ductility to prevent collapse. Bracing technique is one of the economic method for resisting seismic activity. In this steel bracing provides an effective and economical solution for resisting lateral forces in a framed structure. Knee braced steel frame is that which has got excellent ductility and lateral stiffness. Since the knee element is pro

[1]. R.S.Londhe and M.F.Baig,Non linear analysis of knee bracing in steel frame structures, International Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 5,2013, 19-25.
[2]. Hendramawat A Safarizki , S.A. Kristiawan and A. Basuki, Evaluation of the Use of Steel Bracing to Improve Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Building, Journal Of Structural Engineering 54 ,2013 , 447-456.
[3]. Mohammad Eyni Kangavar, Seismic Propensity of Knee Braced Frame (KBF) As Weighed Against Concentric Braced Frame (CBF) Utilizing ETABS and OPENSEES,International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology, 5,2012, 141-152.
[4]. Sutat Leelataviwat, Bunyarit Suksan and Jarun Srechai and Pennung Warnitchai,Seismic Design and Behavior of Ductile Knee-Braced Moment Frames, Journal Of Structural Engineering, 137,2011, 579-588.
[5]. Mahmoud Miri, Abdolreza Zare and Hossein Abbas zadeh, Seismic behavior of steel frames investigation with knee brace based on pushover analysis, International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation ,3,2009 ,707-713.

Abstract: Waffle slab is a monolithic construction of slab and narrow beams spanning in both directions. These slabs are used to cover a large column free area and therefore are good choice for public assembly halls. In this paper the structural behaviour of reinforced concrete waffle slab with square opening at three different locations strengthened with stiffening ribs were investigated by nonlinear finite element analysis. The three dimensional feature available in the commercial analysis package ANSYS was used to model the specimens. The model accommodates the material nonlinearities, cracking and crushing of concrete and yielding of steel. Verification of study was calibrated with numerical model by available experimental data. Based on the results and observations of the numerical investigations presented in this

[1]. John B. Kennedy, Orientation of Ribs in Waffle-Slab Skew Bridges, Journal of Structural Engineering, 109, 1983, 811-816
[2]. Nabil F. Grace and John B. Kennedy, Dynamic Characteristics of Prestressed Waffle Slabs, Journal of Structural Engineering, 116, 1990, 1547-1564
[3]. Hashim M. S. Abdul-Wahab and Mohammad H. Khalil, Rigidity and Strength of Orthotropic Reinforced Concrete Waffle Slabs, Journal of Structural Engineering, 126, 2000, 219-22
[4]. Indrajit Chowdhury and Jitendra P. Singh, Analysis and Design of Waffle Slab with Different Boundary Conditions, Indian Concrete Journal, 2010, 1-10
[5]. Ahmed Ibrahim, Hani Salim and HamdyShehab El-Din, Moment Coefficients for Design of Waffle Slabs with and Without Openings, Engineering Structures 33, 2011, 2644–2652

Abstract: Concrete is a versatile construction material, used in wide variety of situations. So it is very important to consider its durability as it has indirect effect on economy, serviceability and maintenance. In case of hydraulic and water retaining structures, concrete is directly exposed to water or humid environment. Hence, permeability of concrete becomes major concern for the durability of such structures. Water proofing compounds can be used to improve the pore structure of concrete and hence to reduce the water permeability of concrete. Nowadays, a number of waterproofing products are available in market which works on reduction of permeability of concrete. Few of them are required to be added while mixing the concrete ingredients and few others are applied on the concrete surface

[1]. Anil kumar, Raghavendra and Sudha kumar (2014), ―Durability characteristics of high performance concrete with ground granulated blast furnace slag‖,International journal of enhanced research in science technology & Engineering,Vol 4,Issue 11
[2]. Dr.K.Srinivasu, M.L.N.Krishna Sai, Venkata Sairam Kumar.N (2014), ―A Review on Use of Metakaolin in Cement Mortar and Concrete‖, International Journal of Innovative Research in Science,Vol 3,Issue 7.
[3]. Nimitha, Vijayaraghavan and Dr. Wayal (2013) ―Effect of manufactured sand on durability properties of concrete‖, American journal of engineering research, Vol 2,Issue 12.
[4]. Sudarsana Rao, Munirathnam, Ghorpade and Sashidha (2013) ―Influence of natural rubber latex on permeability of fibre reinforced high-performance concrete‖, International journal of enhanced research in science technology & Engineering, vol 2, Issue 7.
[5]. Mohammad Reza and Seyed Mousavi (2013) ―Effects of Nano-Silica on permeability of concrete and steel bars reinforcement corrosion‖, Australian journal of basic and applied sciences, pp 464-467.

Abstract:Laminated composite materials consist of layers of at least two different materials that are bonded together to act as a single unit. The properties that can be emphasized by lamination are strength, stiffness, low weight, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, acoustical insulation etc. Cutouts are inevitable in structures, but reduce the strength and stiffness due to the openings provided when required. This

[1]. K Vasantha Kumar, Dr. Ram Reddy and Dr. D.V Ravi Shankar, "Effect of Angle Ply Orientation on Tensile Properties of Bi Directional Woven Fabric Glass Epoxy Composite Laminate", International Journal of Computational Engineering, Researc,Vol, 03, Issue, 10, 2013.
[2]. Sandeep M.B , D.Choudhary , Md. Nizamuddin Inamdar and Md. Qalequr Rahaman,, "Experimental Study Of Effect of Fiber Orientation on the Flexural Strength of Glass/Epoxy Composite material", International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology (IJRET), Volume: 03 Issue: 09, 2014.
[3]. Joshi A, Buckling Analysis of Thin Carbon/epoxy Plate Circular Cutout under Biaxial Compression, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology (IJRET), Vol.2, Issue 10, 2013.
[4]. Lee H.P. Lim S.P. and Chow S.T, Free Vibration of Composite Plates with Rectangular Cutouts, Composite Structures 8, Science Direct, 2010, 63-68.

Abstract: Concrete is a composite material used for construction world wide. The presence of cracks and pores inside concrete material is inevitable and it is necessary to investigate if they are stable or not. Hence problems related to fracture are vital in concrete. Fracture study assesses the ductile behaviour of concrete structures under loading using various fracture parameters. The present study aims at finding out how far the ductility of concrete can be improved by the addition of steel fibres in terms of fracture parameters by varying the fibre content. The fibre content was varied from 0% to 1% with an increment of 0.25%. Three point bending test on notched beams (fracture tests) were conducted for determination of fracture parameters. The tests were done as per the guidelines of International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures(RILEM).

[1] Bencardino F, Rizzuti L, Spadea G, and swamy R.N, "Experimental evaluation of fibre reinforced concrete fracture properties", Cement and concrete composites, Vol.41(B), 2010, pp.17-24.
[2] .Bazant.Z.P , "Concrete fracture models: testing and practice", Engineering fracture mechanics, Vol.69, 2002, pp. 165-205.
[3] Vairagade V.S, Kene K and Deshpande N , "Investigation of steel fibre reinforced concrete on compressive and tensile strength", International journal of engineering research and technology, Vol.1, Issue 3,2012 pp. 2278-2281.
[4] RILEM TC 162-TDF, "Test and design methods for steel fibre reinforced concrete,final recommendations. Master Struct, 35(9),2002,pp. 579-582.
[5] RILEM 50-FMC, "Determination of fracture energy of mortar and concrete by means of three point bending test on notched beams", Materials and structures, Vol.18,1985 pp:285-290.

Abstract: In this experimental research, the fibres of different geometries, i.e., straight, and crimped, from post consumed waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles were used. Various design concrete mixes with different percentages (0 % to 1.5 %) of waste plastic fibres for three aspect ratios, were cast. The workability compression, split tensile and flexural tests were carried out. The test results were compared with both types of fibres. The improvements in strength properties of concrete were observed.

[1]. Ochi, S. Okubo, K. Fukui (2007), "Development of recycled PET fibre and its application as concrete reinforcing fibre", Cement and Concrete Composites 29, 448-455
[2]. P. Ganesh prabhu, C. Arun kumar, R. Pandiyaraj, P. Rajesh & L. Sasi kumar (2014) "Study on Utilization of waste PET bottle fibre in concrete", International Journal of Research in Engineering & Technology Vol. 2, Issue 5, May 2014
[3]. Mahzabin Afroz, M. Jobaer Hasan, Md. Mahmudul Hasan (2013),"Performance of plain PET fibres to enhance the mechanical behaviour of concrete under tension and shear" International Journal of Science, Engineering and Technology Research , Volume 2, Issue 9, September 2013

Abstract: Steel plate shear walls have been identified as an effective option for lateral load resisting system in both retrofit and new constructions. A typical steel plate shear wall consists of a thin steel plate, bounded by columns and beams. In some situations presence of cutout is unavoidable due to architectural reasons or installed cooling and heating systems on the walls. Openings in the web plate leads to improper functioning and decrease in capacity of the systems and also results in an intense variation in stress distribution. A Securing steel plate shear wall system demand to seismic requirements can be achieved by attaching stiffeners to web plate

[1]. Steel design guide 20, "Steel plate shear walls",( American Institute of steel construction,1998)
[2]. FEMA 310, "Handbook for the Seismic Evaluation of Buildings",( American Society of Civil Engineering,1998)
[3]. M. Alinia ,R. Sarraf Shirazi ,"Design Of Stiffeners In Steel Plate Shear Walls", Journal of Constructional Steel Research ,Volume 65,2009, pp: 2069-2077
[4]. P.Memarzadeh, M.Saadatpour , "Nonlinear Dynamic Response and Ductility Requirements of a Typical Steel Plate Shear Wall Subjected to El Centro Earthquake", Iranian Journal of Science & Technology, Vo. 34, 2010, pp: 371-384
[5]. Abhishek Verma, P. R. Maiti , "Push Over Analysis of Unstiffened Steel Plate Shear Wall", International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, Vol. 1, Issue 12, 2012 , pp: 41-49
[6]. H. Valizadeh, M. Sheidaii, H. Showkatihallada , " Experimental investigation on cyclic behavior of perforated steel plate shear walls", Journal of Constructional Steel Research, Vol. 70, 2012 , pp: 308–316
[7]. Mehdi Farazmand, Hossein Showkati , " Nonlinear Behavior of Stiffened Steel Plate Shear Walls ", Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, Vol. 9, 2012, pp: 8687–8697

Abstract: Plate girders became popular in the late 1870's, when they were used in construction of railroad bridges. The plates were joined using angles and rivets to obtain plate girders of desired size. By 1940's welded plate girders replaced riveted and bolted plate girders in developed world due to their better quality, aesthetics and economy. The corrugated steel plates are widely used structural elements in many fields of application because of its numerous favorable properties. To increase the shear capacity of web for large steel plate girders, the web with different types such as tapered web, haunches, corrugations of different shapes are used. Corrugated steel panels have been recognized as excellent load carrying members. In this project the buckling strength of plate girders with different corrugation parameters were compared and it was established that corrugated web plate girders are better than plane web plate girder. Keywords - Buckling Strength, Corrugated Web, Finite Element Analysis, Moment Carrying Capacity, Plate Girder.

[1]. Limaye A. A, Alandkar P. M, "Strength of welded plate girder with corrugated web plate", Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, (2013), Vol. 3, 5:1925-1930.
[2]. Sujit P. Naikwadi, S.B.Kandekar, R.S Talikoti, "Numerical Analysis of Buckling Strength of Welded Plate Girder with Corrugated Web [3] Sachin K.G, Sowjanya G.V, "Buckling Strength and Bending Performance of Plate Girder with Flat Web and Corrugated Web", International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research, (2015), Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp: (1-11).
[3]. Plate Girder", International Journal for Scientific Research & Development, (2015), Vol. 3, Issue 1, pp: (728-731).
[4]. Masahiro Kubo, Yuhshi Fukumoto, "Lateral-Torsional Buckling of Thin Walled I-Beams", J. Struct. Eng., (1988), 114:841-855.
[5]. K. Baskar, N. E. Shanmugam, V. Thevendran, "Finite-Element Analysis of Steel–Concrete Composite Plate Girder", J. Struct. Eng., (2002), 128:1158-1168.
[6]. N. E. Shanmugam, K. Baskar, "Steel–Concrete Composite Plate Girders Subject to Shear Loading", J. Struct. Eng., (2003), 129:1230-1242.

Abstract: Although there has been an increase in the use of concentrically braced frame systems , damage during past earthquakes suggests that braced systems may perform poor due to limited ductility and energy dissipation , failure of the connection between the braces and the frame and asymmetric behavior of the brace in tension and compression. One way of improving the performance of CBF systems in terms of limiting inter story drifts is the use of innovative materials in the bracing system. Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are a novel functional material which can exhibit little residual strains under cycles of loading and unloading even after passing the yield zone.

[1]. M. ShahriaAlam, M. Moni, S. Tesfamariam, Seismic overstrength and ductility of concrete buildings reinforcedwith superelastic shape memory alloy rebar .EngStruct2012;(34):8–20.
[2]. Ghobarah A. Performance-based design in earthquake engineering: state ofdevelopment. EngStruct 2001;23(8):878–84.
[3]. Alam MS, Nehdi M, Youssef MA. Seismic performance of concrete framestructures reinforced with superelastic shape memory alloys. Smart StructSyst2009;5(5):565–85.
[4]. Alam MS, Youssef MA, Nehdi M. Seismic behaviour of concrete beam-columnjoints reinforced with super-elastic shape memory alloys. 9th CanadianConference on Earthquake Engineering June 2007, ON, Canada, Paper No.1125, p. 10.
[5]. Dolce M, Cardone D, Marnetto R, Mucciarelli M, Nigro D, Ponzo FC, SantarsieroG. Experimental static and dynamic response of a real RC frame upgraded withSMA re-centering and dissipating braces. Proc. of the 13th World Conf. onEarthquake Engineering 2004, Canada, Paper No. 2878

Abstract: FRP is an Advanced Composite Material (ACM) that is relatively new material to civil engineering. It holds a better choice than reinforcing steel in certain applications. In order to attain large deformation before failure occurs and to enhance an adequate load resistance capacity, RC columns has to be laterally jacketed. Jacketing RC column with FRP improves column performance not only by carrying some fraction of axial load applied to it but also by providing lateral confining pressure to the column externally. In this work effect of circular, rectangular and square columns on GFRP jacketing and CFRP jacketing having same cross-sectional area were analysed. RC columns were analysed in ANSYS 15. The percentage area reduction of concrete in RC columns when FRP jacketing is provided is found out. Keywords - Column Jacketing, buckling analysis, different cross-sectional shapes, concrete area reduction

[1] R. Kumutha, R. Vaidyanathan, M.S. Palanichamy.,(2007), " Behaviour of reinforced concrete rectangular columns strengthened using GFRP, Cement & Concrete Composites 29, 609–615.
[2] Atri Dave, Poojan Nagar, Jay Parmar (2014),"Comparative study of GFRP laminated RC column using Experimental results and ISIS-canada", International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 700 – 704.
[3] K. P. Jaya, Jessy Mathai, (2012), "Strengthening of RC Column using GFRP and CFRP", Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE. 334-342.
[4] Khaled Abdelrahman, and Raafat El-Hacha, M.(2012), "Behavior of Large-Scale Concrete Columns Jacketed with CFRP and SFRP Sheets", J. Compos.Constr.16,430-439.
[5] Mohamed H. Harajli., (2006), " Axial stress–strain relationship for FRP confined circular and rectangular concrete columns ", Cement & Concrete Composites 28, 938–948.

Abstract:The main objective of the study was to investigate the importance of locked brick infills in multistoried buildings thereby adopting horizontal sliding joints in Reinforced concrete frames. Non linear static analysis is performed on multistoried frames with solid and locked brick infills. The effect of locked brick infill walls on the seismic performance of the multistoried buildings are studied in details as the height of the buildings are increased. From the numerical studies, equivalent diagonal strut method can be adopted for modelling the infill wall panels. When locked bricks are used as infills in buildings, the total displacement gets much reduced when compared to solid brick infills.

[1] Mohammadi and Akrami (2011) ―Methods to improve infilled frame ductility‖ Journal of Structural Engineering pages: 646–653
[2] Ozgur Ozcelik and Girgin S.C(2012) ― Experimental work on seismic behaviour of various types of masonry infilled RC frames‖ Journal of Structural Engineering and Mechanics, pages.:763-774
[3] Ibrahim Serkan Misir (2014)― Potential use of locked brick infill walls to decrease soft story formation in frame buildings‖, ASCE, Pages: 1-10
[4] Cemalettin Dönmez and M. Alper Çankaya (2013) ―Effect of Infill Walls on the Drift Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Frames Subjected to Lateral-Load Reversals‖, Journal of Earthquake Engineering,
[5] Kashif Mahmud, Rashadul Islam and Al-Amin(2010) "Study of the Reinforced Concrete Frame with Brick Masonry Infill due to lateral loads", International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pages 35-40

Abstract: In recent years the rise of concrete production costs has always been a concern of concrete producers and consumers. Using industrial waste to replace cement and part of aggregate can reduce its cost and environmental pollution. In this study, an attempt has been done to use supplementary cementitious materials such as Flyash and GGBFS as replacement for the cement and industrial by product such as copper slag as partial replacement for fine aggregate in concrete. The strength, durability and bond strength characteristics of fly ash and GGBFS based geopolymer concrete with and without the fine aggregate replacement have been compared.

[1]. Shi C, Meyer C, Behnood A, Utilization of copper slag in cement and concrete. Resour Conserv Recycl 52(11):2008, 1115–1120
[2]. Taeb A, Faghihi S,Utilization of copper slag in the cement industry. ZKG Int 55(4):2002, 98–100
[3]. Alter H, The composition and environmental hazard of copper slags in the context of the Basel convention. Resour Conserv Recycl 43(4): 2005, 353–360
[4]. K.Sabarishri , V.Saichaitanya, S.Raguvaran, K.Sarathkumar, M.Mohankuamar, Experimental Study on Strength Properties of High performance Concrete Using Copper Slag as a Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate, International Conference on Science Technology Engineering & Management, 2015
[5]. Brindha, D and Nagan, S,Utilization of copper slag as a partial replacement of fine aggregate. International Journal of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Vol.3, No.4, 2010, 579-585

Abstract:The present study is to determine the effect of openings in deep beams using strut and tie model approach. Experimental investigation is conducted on seven deep beams which are designed as per ACI 318, with various position of opening as per strut and tie formation. Parametric study was also conducted to know the effect of increasing l/d ratio keeping length or depth fixed. The results show that deep beams with openings shows a decrease in ultimate load carrying capacity compared to solid beams. Also deep beams with rectangular openings shows an decrease in ultimate load carrying capacity compared with circular openings. As l/d ratio increased, the load carrying capacity of the beam decreased. For a particular l/d ratio the ultimate load carrying capacity of beam for a particular l/d ratio was more for beams with constant length compared to beam with constant depth. Keywords - deep beams, span to depth ratio, strut and tie model, web opening

[1]. [1]Khan, M.A., Ahmed, F.S., (2012) ― Effect Of Web Reinforcement On Ultimate Strength Of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beam‖,
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications Vol. 3, Issue 3, May-Jun 2013, pp. 516-519.
[2]. [2]Tamer Maaddawy and Bilal Ariss (2012) ―Behavior of Concrete Beams with Short Shear Span and Web Opening Strengthened
in Shear with CFRP Composites", Journal of Composites for Construction, Vol. 16, No. 1, February 1, 2012. ©ASCE
[3]. [3]K. H. Yang and A. F. Ashour (2008) ―Load Capacity of Reinforced Concrete continuous Deep Beams‖, Journal of Structural
Engineering,Vol. 134, No. 6, June 1, 2008. ©ASCE
[4]. [4]Attaulllah shah, Ehsanul haq, and Salimullah khan (2011) ―Analysis and Design of Disturbed Regions in Concrete Structures.‖,
Procedia Engineering 14 (2011) 3317–3324 sciencedirect.
[5]. [5]Yang Yang, Cristopher D. Moen and James K. Guest, A. (2015) ―Three-Dimensional Force Flow Paths and Reinforcement
Design in Concrete via Stress-Dependent Truss-Continuum Topology Optimization‖, International Journal of Earth Sciences and
Engineering ISSN: 0974-5904 Volume. 5 No. 01, pp.180-185