iosr-JMCE   International Conference on RECENT TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT

Abstract: The compressive and tensile strengths of lightweight concrete (LWC) of density 1700 kg/m3 to 1800 kg/m3 with different aluminium powder content were investigated using cube and cylinder specimens. Based on an earlier investigation of the first two authors, cement to combined aggregate ratios of 1:6, 1:8, and 1:10 have been selected. Both sand and quarry dust have been tried as fine aggregate. Aluminium powder was added at 0.2% to 0.8% by weight of cement. For that the ultimate strength of LWC is of the range between 3N/mm2 – 10.5N/mm2 for different aluminium powder content. Addition of more than 0.2% of aluminium powder reduces the compressive strength drastically.
Keywords - Aluminium powder, Fly ash, Lightweight concrete, water/cement ratio.

[1] Dr.N.Arunachalam, V.Mahesh "Development of Economical and Durable Solid Building Blocks"-AICTE sponsored research project, April-2012.
[2] M.S Shetty ,"Concrete Technology-Theory and Practice".
[3] Bing Chen, Juanyu Liu, "Properties of lightweight expanded polystyrene concrete reinforced with steel fiber", Cement and Concrete Research 34 (2004) 1259–1263
[4] Mehmet Gesoglu, Turan O zturan, ErhanGuneyisi "Shrinkage cracking of lightweight concrete made with cold-bonded fly ash aggregates" Cement and Concrete Research 34 (2004) 1121–1130
[5] NiyaziUgurKockal, TuranOzturan, "Durability of lightweight concretes with lightweight fly ash aggregates", Construction and Building Materials 25 (2011) 1430–1438
[6] V. Ducman, A. Mladenovic, J.S. S uput "Lightweight aggregate based on waste glass and its alkali–silica reactivity", Cement and Concrete Research 32 (2002) 223–226
[7] K.J.yun, H.-W. Song and S.-S. Park,K.-J. Byun, H.-W. Song and S.-S. Park, "Development Of Structural Lightweight Foamed Concrete Using Polymer Foam Agent"
[8] N. Siva LingaRao, "Properties of Light Weight Aggregate Concrete with Cinder and Silicafume Admixture" ISSN 0974-5904, Volume 04, No 06 SPL, October 2011, pp 907-912
[9] Dhawal Desai "Development Of Light Weight Concrete"
[10] MazharulHaq, "Light Weight/Low Cost Construction Methods For Developing Countries"

Abstract: Provisions of Indian (IS 456: 2000), European (EC2 - 1992) and American (ACI 318) codes of practice for the design of RC columns have been critically studied. As per the recommendations of Indian, European and American codes of practice, RC rectangular columns have been designed adopting limit state method for all designs. The total cost of columns has been calculated and is compared using bar chart. It is found that the total cost of the column is less when Indian code of practice is adopted.
Keywords: Biaxial bending, lateral ties, limit state design, RC rectangular columns, uniaxial bending.

[1] "Indian Standard Plain and Reinforced Concrete – Code of Practice IS: 456: 2000"
[2] "Manual for the design of reinforced concrete building structures to EC2 – 1992"
[3] "ACI 318: Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318 - 95) and Commentary (ACI 318R – 95)"
[4] "Reinforced Concrete Design" by Kenneth leet, Dionoso Bernal.
[5] "Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures" by N.KrishnaRaju
[6] "Limit State Design of Reinforced Structures" by P.C.Varghese.

Abstract: Modelling a beam of either an isotrpic material like steel or a composite material like reinforced concrete (RC) having surface bonded fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates for realistic prediction of structural behaviour is a challenging task. Most of the dedicated softwares for analysis and design of civil engineering structures lack the facility of modelling beams with additional layers of different material like FRP sheets. Therefore for modeling and analysis of such beams with surface- bonded FRP layers, it is necessary to choose an appropriate Finite Element (FE) software which is capable of modelling beams bonded with additional FRP layers. However, the first step towards such an effort is to properly model the virgin beam without FRP layers. In this context, choosing the appropriate element(s) is also an important task. Therefore In this paper, an effort is made to assess the performance of the relevant elements of a commercially available FE software for the above purpose. Numerical examples are solved for beams under various loading and boundary conditions; results are compared with available results, wherever possible, to assess the suitability of such elements and their range of applicability.
Keywords- Appropriate modelling, FE software (Abaqus), RCC beam, use of best suited finite elements. different boundary and loading conditions.

[1] [1-3] G.M. Chen a, J.F. Chen b, J.G. Teng, On the finite element modelling of RC beams shear-strengthened with FRP, Construction and Building Materials 32 (2012) 13–26.
[2] Francois Buyle-Bodin , Emmanuelle David , Eric Ragneau, Finite element modelling of flexural behaviour of externally bonded CFRP reinforced concrete structures, Engineering Structures 24 (2002) 1423–1429.
[3] Ehab Ellobody, Performance of composite girders strengthened using carbon fibre reinforced polymer laminates, Thin-Walled Structures 49 (2011) 1429–1441 (Contents lists available at ScienceDirect).
[4] Z.J. Yanga,, J.F. Chenb, D. Proverbsc, Finite element modelling of concrete cover separation failure in FRP plated RC beams, Construction and Building Materials 17 (2003) 3–13.
[5] [4] ABAQUS 6.11 documentation & ABAQUS element library
[6] Books: [5] "Strength of Materials" by R.S. Khurmi
[7] "Theory of Structures" by S. Ramamrutham and R. Narayan.

Abstract: Concrete is widely used composite construction material consist of cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. One of the constituent materials of concrete especially, the fine aggregate plays an important role for imparting better performance of concrete in its fresh and hardened state. The shortage of the resources of natural sand(NS), have the possibility for the use of M-Sand (MS).Proper curing of concrete structures is important to ensure their intended performance and durability requirements. Curing plays a major role in developing the concrete microstructure and pore structure. The self curing concrete means that no external curing required for concrete. The scope of this study is to investigate the effect of replacement of NS by MS for different curing methods. In self and membrane curing methods the Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) and wax based membrane curing compounds were used. Using M20 grade of concrete cubes, cylinder and prism were casted for NS and MS. The specimens were allowed for air curing, standard moist curing, membrane curing and with Super-Absorbent Polymer (SAP) at different proportions of 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% by weight of cement and the various mechanical properties were studied.
Key words: M-Sand, Membrane Curing, Self curing, Super absorbent polymer.

[1] El-Dieb.A.S.(2007), Self-Curing Concrete: water retention, hydration and moisture transport", Construction and Building Materials vol. 21, pp. 1282–1287.
[2] PietroLura, Ole Mejlhede Jensen and Shin-Ichi Igarashi, Experimental observation of internal water curing of concrete, Materials and Structures 40 pp.211-220,2007.
[3] IS 10262: 2009, Concrete mix proportioning-guidelines, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
[4] IS: 516-1959, Methods of tests for strength of concrete, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi, India.
[5] Salvador Villalobos, Lange D.A. and Roesler J.R., Evaluation, testing and comparison between crushed manufactured sand and natural sand", Technical Note pp. 1-6.
[6] Francis k , Jino John(2013), Experimental investigation on mechanical properties of self curing concrete, International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Development vol.2, pp. 641-647.
[7] Priyanka A. Jadhava and Dilip K. Kulkarni(2012), An experimental investigation on the properties of concrete containing manufactured sand, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology vol.3, pp.101-104.
[8] Ilangovan.R, Mahendran.N and K. Nagamani.K (2008), Strength and durability properties of concrete containing quarry rock dust as fine aggregate, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences vol. 3, pp.20-26.
[9] Elavenil.S. and Vijaya.B.(2013), Manufactured Sand, A Solution and an alternative to river sand and in concrete manufacturing, Journal of Engineering, Computers & Applied Sciences Vol. 2, pp. 20-24.
[10] Nirav R Kholia, Binita A Vyas, T. G. Tank (2013), Effect on concrete by different curing method and efficiency of curing compounds – A Review, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology vol. 4, pp. 57-60.