Volume-15 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2022

Abstract: Background: One of the major challenging environmental problems facing both the developed and developing countries of the world today is atmospheric pollution. This has been recently linked to increased morbidity and mortality rates. Industrial and Traffic-related vehicular emissions and non implementation of air quality standards in Nigeria are thought to have caused serious health problems, particularly in metropolitan areas where pollution levels are rising. However, due to lack of data on atmospheric pollution levels, collection of ambient air quality data in the research area has become important. This study therefore, seeks to determine the levels of some air quality parameters in the study area......

Keywords: Pollution, Air Quality, Pollutants, Concentrations, Industrialization, Emission, Environmental issues

[1]. Abam, F. I. & Unachukwu, G. O. (2009). Vehicular Emissions and Air Quality Standards in Nigeria. European Journal of Scientific Research, 34 (4), 550-560
[2]. Adesanmi, A., Adeniran, J., Fakinle, B., Jimoda, L. Yusuf, R. &Sonibare, J. (2016). Ground level level of some air pollutants from Nigeria thermal power plants. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 38 (16), 2426-2432
[3]. Akanni, C. O. (2010), "Spatial and seasonal analysis of traffic-related pollutant levels in Lagos metropolis, Nigeria", African Journal of Agricultural Research, 5 (11), 1264 – 1272
[4]. Akuro, A. (2012). Air quality survey of some locations in the Niger Delta Area. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 16 (1), 125 – 134
[5]. Alagoa, E. J. &Derefaka, A. A. (2002). The land and people of Rivers State: Eastern Niger Delta. Onyoma Research Publication. Pp 19-42.

Abstract: 1,n-bis[5-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]alkanes/benzene were studied for antibacterial activity and antifungal activity. Antibacterial activity was carried out using broth dilution method. Ampicillin was used as a standard drug. Antifungal screening was carried by tube dilution method method using Fluconazol as a standard. The results reveal that the compound with a phenyl group between two 1,3,4- oxadiazole rings attached through 1st and 3rd position showed better antibacterial activity than compounds with –[CH2]n- between the two 1,3,4-oxadiazole rings.

Keywords: Bis-1,3,4-oxadiazoles, antibacterial activity and antifungal activity

[1]. Chandra, S.; Sharma, S. J. Indian Chem. Soc. 2006, 83,988.
[2]. Patel, N.B.; Patel, J.C. Sci. Pharm. 2010, 78,171.
[3]. Sridhara, A. M.; Reddy, K. R. V.; Keshavayya, J.; Goud, P. S. K.; Somashekar, B.C.; Bose, P.; Peethambar, S. K.; Gaddam, S.K.
Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2010,45, 4983.
[4]. Bakht, M. A.; Yar, M.S.; Abdel-Hamid, S. G.; Qasoumi, S. I.; Samad, A. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2010, 45, 5862.
[5]. Sangshetti, J. N.; Chabukswar, A. R.; Shinde, D. B. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2011, 21, 444.

Abstract: A new dissymmetrical ligand (E)-1-(1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylidene)thiocarbonohydrazide (1) by a monocondensation reaction of thiocarbohydrazone with 2-acetylpyridine. The compound was characterized by physico-chemical analyses, elemental analyses, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy techniques. The structure of the (1) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. The compound (C8H11N5S) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group Pbca with the following unit cell parameters: a = 10.8365 (2) Å, b = 7.7659 (2) Å, c = 24.8771 (5) Å,V = 2093.54 (8) Å3, Z = 8, R1 = 0.028, wR2 =0.116. The crystal packing of compound (1) is stabilized by intermolecular hydrogen bonds which form layers parallel to ac plane. The thiocarbohydrazide moiety C=N-N-C(S)-N-NH2 is almost planar. The dihedral angle between the mean planes of the pyridine ring and the thiocarbohydrazide moiety is 6.69°. The antioxidant activities of the two compounds were investigated.

Keywords: Thiocarbohydrazone, 2-acetylpyridine, X-ray

[1]. M.U. Kumar, A.P. Jeyakumari, M. Suresh, S. Chandran, G. Vinitha, Synthesis, spectroscopic and DFT studies of Schiff based (E)-N'-(Benzo[d][1,3]Dioxol-5-ylmethylene)nicotinohydrazide monohydrate single crystal: a promising organic nonlinear optical material, Mater. Res. Express, 2019, 6, 075102.
[2]. S. Sivaraman, A. Agilandeswari, C. Balakrishnan, R.M. Sockalingam, S.P. Meenakshisundaram, R. Markkandan, Supramolecular architecture and computational studies of nicotinohydrazide and furan-2-carbohydrazide crystals, J. Mol. Struct., 2018, 1173, 385–397.
[3]. Z.T. Omar Al-Ahdal, S. Jadhav, M. Rai, Potentiometric and Thermodynamic Studies of (N-[-(4-Chlorophenyl) Methylene]Nicotinohydrazide) and Its Transition Metal Complexes, Integ. Ferroelectr., 2020, 205, 88–94.
[4]. A. Bacchi, M. Carcelli, G. Pelizzi, C. Solinas, L. Sorace, Trinuclear copper(II) complexes of bis(acylhydrazone) ligands. Structural analysis and magnetic properties of a sulfato-bridged hexanuclear dimer, Inorg. Chim. Acta, 2006, 359, 2275–2280.
[5]. S. Liu, L. Gelmini, S.J. Rettig, R.C. Thompson, C. Orvig, Synthesis and characterization of lanthanide [Ln(L)]2 complexes of N4O3 amine phenol ligands with phenolate oxygen bridges: evidence for very weak magnetic exchange between lanthanide ions, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 6081–6087.

Abstract:The adrenocorticosteroids drugs are an important group of therapeutic compounds used for a variety of clinical purposes. It is estimated that annually at least 5 million patients in the United States receive adrenocortical steroids. In depth study of these drugs are important for various diseases. A well-founded appreciation for the pharmacological characteristics of these drugs provides the basis for the rational and safe use of this important group of drugs. Background: Adrenocorticoids are synthesized in the cortex (shell) of adrenal glands. They are named as glucocorticoids (hydrocortisol, cortisone.......

Keywords: Milligram Level Determination, Adrenocorticosteroid Drugs

[1]. Martínez-Anaya, M.A., Llin, M.L., Macías, M.P., and Collar, C., "Regulation of Acetic Acid Production by Homo- and Heterofermentative Lactobacilli in Whole-Wheat Sour-Doughs". Zeitschrift für Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung, 199(3):186-190 (1994).
[2]. Tanaka, K., Komiyama, A., Sonomoto, K., Ishizaki, A., Hall, S., and Stanbury, P., "Two Different Pathways for D-Xylose Metabolism and the Effect of Xylose Concentration on the Yield Coefficient of L-Lactate in MixedAcid Fermentation by the Lactic Acid Bacterium Lactococcus lactis IO-1". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 60(1-2):160-167 (2003).
[3]. Wang, L., Zhao, B., Liu, B., Yu, B., Ma, C., Su, F., Hua, D., Li, Q., Ma, Y., and Xu, P., "Efficient Production of l-Lactic Acid from Corncob Molasses, a Waste By-Product in Xylitol Production, by a Newly Isolated Xylose Utilizing Bacillus Sp. Strain". Bioresource Technology 101(20):7908-7915 (2010).
[4]. Iyer, P.V., Thomas, S., and Lee, Y.Y., "High-Yield Fermentation of Pentoses into Lactic Acid". Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology – Part A: Enzyme Engineering and Biotechnology 84-86, 665-677 (2000).
[5]. Walton, S.L., Bischoff, K.M., van Heiningen, A.R., and van Walsum, G.P., "Production of Lactic Acid from Hemicellulose Extracts by Bacillus coagulans MXL-9". Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology 37(8):823-830 (2010)..

Abstract: The compound of lanthanide ions with complexing or chelating biologically important kynurenic acid ligand to form coordination compound is an important area of current research. Less explored biologically important kynurenic acid ligand is allowed to react with solution of lanthanides perchlorates and attempt has been made to synthesize solid kynurenic acid complexes. These complexes are subjected to U.V visible spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, TGA analysis, Mass Spectroscopy, Elemental analysis and antimicrobial activity of these compounds has been evaluated by standard methods and attempts have been made to correlate structural characteristic with properties of these complexes.

Keywords: Spectroscopic characterization, lanthanide complexes, TGA analysis, mass spectroscopy, antimicrobial activity, elemental analysis

[1]. H.D.Chaudhari, Haresh R.Patel and J.J.Vora*. "Catalytic and Biochemical Study of Novel Complexes of Some Lanthanides" www.rsisinternational.org, vol-II , issue-10, p135-158(2015)
[2]. H.D.Chaudhari and J.J.Vora*. "Catalytic and Biochemical Study of Novel Complexes of Some Lanthanides"Ph.D Thesis. Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University,Patan 2016
[3]. Haresh R.Patel, H.D.Chaudhari and J.J.Vora*."Physicochemical Methods as Applied to Synthesis and Catalytic Studies of Selected Lanthanide Complexes"Journalof applicable chemistry 4(6) p 1774-1790.(2015)
[4]. Marie-Claire Dul , Emilio Pardo, Rodrique Lescouezec, R. Journaux, Ferrando-Soria, Ruiz-Garcia Rafael, Cano Joan, Julve Miquel, Liovet Francesc, Cangussu Danielle Cangussu, Cynthia L.M Pereira, Humberto O. Stumpf, Pusan Jorge and Ruiz –Perez. "Supramolecular coordination chemistry of aromatic polyoxalamide ligands: A metallosupramolecular approach toward functional magnetic materials" Coordination chem. Rev., 254 (19-20), p. 2281-2296 (2010)
[5]. Dieg Veneges-Yazigi, Daniel Aravena, Evgenia, Spdine, Elesi Ruiz, Santiag Alvarez, "Structural and electronic effects on the exchange interactions in dinuclear bis(phenx)-bridged copper(II) complexes". Coordination Chem. Rev., 254(17-18), p. 2086-2095 (2010)

Abstract: The pollution of water sources has become right into worldwide hassle because of the indiscriminate disposal of pollutants both organic and inorganic in nature Industrial growth meets our needs and promotes economic development. However, pollutants from such industries pollute water bodies posing a high risk to organisms. Researchers were therefore asked to develop efficient methods to remove toxic heavy metal ions from water bodies. The adsorption process has shown promising results in the removal of heavy metal ions and is easy to operate at large scale, making it applicable for practical applications. Numerous sorbents, including hydrogels, have been developed and reported......

Keywords: Hydrogels, Heavy metal ions, Waste Water Treatment, Adsorption.

[1]. Naef A Kasim, Ramy H Muhhamad, and Dahiru U Lawal, Removsl of Heavy metal ions from waste water: A Comprehensive and critical review., Nature NPJ Clean Water, 4 2021, 36.
[2]. Renu; Madhu Agarwal; K. Singh Heavy metal removal from wate water using various adsorbents: a review. Journal of Water Reuse and Desalination (2017) 7 (4): 387–419.
[3]. Taseidifar, M., Makavipour, F., Pashley, R. M. & Rahman, A. F. M. M. Removal of heavy metal ions from water using ion flotation. Environ. Technol. Innov. 8, 182–190 (2017).
[4]. Amuda, O.S.; Amoo, I.; Ipinmoroti, K.; Ajayi, O. Coagulation/flocculation process in the removal of trace metals present in industrial wastewater. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manag. 2006, 10, 159–162.
[5]. Cao, D.-Q.; Wang, X.; Wang, Q.-H.; Fang, X.-M.; Jin, J.-Y.; Hao, X.-D.; Iritani, E.; Katagiri, N. Removal of heavy metal ions by ultrafiltration with recovery of extracellular polymer substances from excess sludge. J. Membr. Sci. 2020, 606, 118103