IOSR-JAVS   Volume-10 ~ Issue-12 ~ DEC-2017

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the blood profile, organ weight and carcass characteristics of broiler chicken fed fermented African yam bean (sphenostylis stenocarpa) and Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seed meals. A total of 120-d old broiler chicks were randomly allotted into five experimental groups of 3 replicates with 8 birds per replicate in a Completely Randomized Design. A maize-soybean based diet served as the control while 50% and 100% each of fermented Pigeon pea (FPP) and fermented African yam bean (FAYB) seed meal were used to replace soybean meal in diets 2-5 in a 42-d feeding trial. The results of this study showed that fermentation as a means of processing African yam bean and Pigeon pea meal reduced the contents of anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) marginally. The packed cell volume,..........

Keywords: Afican Yam bean, Blood, Broilers, Carcass, Organ weight, Pigeon pea

[1]. Emiola, I. A. Processed African Yam Bean (sphenostylisstenocarpa) in Broiler Feeding: Performance characteristics and Nutrient Utilization. Journal of Enviromental Issues and Agricultural Developing Countries, 3(3): 2011, 123-131.
[2]. Igene, F.U., Isika, M.A., Obon, S.O., Ekundayo, D.A. Amaefule U., Ukpanah, U.A. and Ibok, A.E. Replacement value of boiled pigeon pea (cayanusCajan) on growth performance, carcass and haematological resources of broiler chickens. Asian J. of poult. Sci. 6: 2012, 1-49.
[3]. Fasoyiro, S.B., Ajibade S.R., Omele A.J., Adeniyan, O.N. and Farinde, E.O. Proximate, mineral and antinutritional components of grain legumes in South-Western Nigeria. Nutrition Food Sciences, 36: 2006, 18-23.
[4]. Damaris, A. O. The potential of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan (L) Millsp.). In Africa. Natural Resources Forum, 31: 2007, 297-305.
[5]. Khattab, R.Y., Amt field, S.D. and Nyacheti, C.M. Nutritional quality of legume seeds as affected by some physical treatments. Part 1. Protein quality evaluation. LWT-Food Science Technology, 42: 2009, 1107-1112...

ABSTRACT: The investigation was undertaken to find out stable genotypes and to determine the magnitude of GxE interaction in ten mid-lategroup of sugarcane genotypes. The experimental material under AICRP was evaluated for their adaptability in respect of cane yield, CCS yield and sucrose % for two crop season 2010-11 and 2011-12 under three locations with three cuttings constituting nine environments. A joint regression analysis of variance suggested by Perkins and Jinks (1968) was used to ascertain stable genotypes and magnitude of GxE interaction. Genotype (G) and Environment (E) for all the three characters were significant. Heterogeneity of regression (Linear) and theremainder..........

Keywords: Regression analysis, stability, G x E interaction, Saccharum spp., genotype

[1]. Alam, Md. R., Deb, A.C. and Khaleque, Md. A. 2013.Joint regression analysis of some quantitative characters of F1 sugarcane genotypes.International Journal of Plant Breeding 7(2):141-144.
[2]. Breese, E.L. 1969.The measurement and significance of genotype x environment interaction in grasses.Heredity.21: 387- 397.

[3]. Dubey,R.B.,Bharti,B.,Khandagale, S.G. and ChittoraK. 2017.Stability Analysis for Quantitative Traits in Sugarcane (Saccharumofficinarum L.).International Journal of Current Microbiology Applied Science 6 (4): 1914-1918.
[4]. Eberbart, S.A. and Russell, W.A. 1966.Stability parameters for comparing varieties.Crop science. 6: 36-40.
[5]. Finlay, K. and Wilkinson, G.N. 1963.The analysis of adaptation plant breeding programme.Australian Journal of Agricultural Research.14: 742- 754..

ABSTRACT: The contribution of extension agents' (EA) competencies are considered crucial in transferring technology to the farmers. The study identify competency level of Extension Agents' on transfer of technology (ToT) and human resource development (HRD) to productive cocoa farmers (PCFs) in West Malaysia. The study employed stratified random sampling technique. A total of 353 PCFs were sampled to evaluate the competencies of the Extension agents' through the use of structured questionnaires to elicit response from the farmers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis. The findings support the positive relationship between transfer of technology and work performance and also between human resource development and Extension agents' work performance. Finding revealed that required skills are needed in transfer of technology (ToT) as well as human........

Keywords: Extension agents, human resource development, transfer of technology, work performance

[[1]. http://www.koko.gov.my
[2]. Ramle bin Kasin, P. (2012). Contribution of Group Dynamics Factors to Technology Adoption among Malaysia Cocoa Farmers' Clusters. doctoral diss., Universiti Putra Malaysia (Unpublished).
[3]. Tiraieyari, N, Hamzah, A, & Abu Samah, B. (2014). Extension Agents and Sustainable Cocoa Farming: A Case Study of Extension Agents in Sabah State, Malaysia. Canadian Center of Science and Education, Modern Applied Science; Vol. 8, No. 6; 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/mas.v8n6p210.
[4]. Rahim M. Sail. 2016. Extension Education for a Developed Malaysia: Relevance and itsApplicability for Clients' Capability and Capacity Building. Proceedings 7th International Agriculture Congress 2016.451-454.
[5]. Spencer, L. & Spencer, S. 1993. Competence at Work: Model for Superior Performance.New York: John Wiley & Sons...

ABSTRACT: The good quality of fruit should remain from production to reach the final consumer. This study aimed to evaluate the biometric characteristics, physical and chemical properties of the papaya cultivar Sunrise solo ', commercialized in supermarket chain in five different districts from São Luis city - Maranhão, as following, Cohama, Operária, Downtown, São Cristóvão e Renascença. The experimental design was completely randomized with five treatments. Each treatment consisted of one supermarket from same company per district. The follow analysis were performed: fruit, peel and pulp weight (WP); pulp yield (PY); fruit length; diameters of fruits and of the internal cavities and thickness of pulps. It was also evaluated the pulp firmness, total titratable acidity (TTA), total soluble solids (TSS) and ratio (TSS / TTA). The evaluated fruits did not present significant difference for WP. The fruits.........

Keywords: Characterization, quality, 'Sunrise solo', Carica papaya L.

[1]. R.C. Reis, E. de S. Viana, J.L. de Jesus, J.L.L. Dantas and R.S. Lucena, Physicochemical characterization of new hybrids and inbred lines of papaya, Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 50(3), 2015, 210–217.
[2]. T. Souza, E.F. Coelho, V.P.S. Paz and C. A. S. Ledo, Physical and chemical evaluation of papaya cv. Tainung n.1 fruits fertirrigated with different combinations of nitrogen sources, Brazilian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 4(2), 2009, 179–184.
[3]. A.E. de Godoy, A.P. Jacomino, E.C. Cerqueira-Pereira, A.D.S.D. Gutierrez, C.E.M. Vieira and L.A. Forato, Mechanical injuries and the effects on the quality of golden papaya fruits, Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, 32(3) ,2010, 682–691

[4]. M. dos S. Freire, W.S. Vasconcelos, F.M.V. de Andrade and D.F.M.A. de Sousa, Identification of the potential purchase and sale of papaya by supermarkets in the municipality of Cerro Cora - RN, Revista Brasileira de Gestão Ambiental – RBGA, 7 (1), 2013, 101–108.
[5]. F. Rodolfo Júnior, L.B. de V. Torres, V.B. Campos, A.R. de Lima, A.D. de Oliveira and J.K. de M. Mota, Physical-chemical characteristics of papaia fruit commercialized at empasa Campina Grande - PB, Revista Brasileira de Produtos Agroindustriais, 9(1), 2007, 51–56

ABSTRACT: To study the heredity of lettuceflowering time, the crossing of the selected lines of Shiraz lettuce local mass, as the maternal parent, and the local masses of Zeereae lettuce and Black lettuce, as the paternal parent (which varied in terms of flowering time), the BC1P2, BC1P1, F2, and F1 generations were prepared through two different crosses. The transplant of each generationwas obtained from each crossand was used for the fallplanting, using two separate experiments, which were carried out in the form of the complete randomized block design with three replications and the flowering time, head weight, and the number of leaves were recorded in order to estimate the genetic parameters and the heredity of the flowering time using the generation mean analyses method................

Keywords: Bolting, bolting stimuli, lettuce, generation mean analysis

[1]. Bremer AH (1931) Effect of daylength on the growth stages of lettuce. Genetic Investigations. I. Gartenbauwissenschaft, 4:479-483.
[2]. Cavalli L L (1952) An analysis of linkage in quantitative inheritance. In Quantitative inheritance. Papers read at a colloquium held at the Institute of Animal Genetics Edinburgh University under the auspices of the Agricultural Research Council April 4th to 6th, 1950, 135-44, HM Stationery Office.
[3]. Corbesier La, Coupland G (2005) Photoperiodic flowering of Arabidopsis: Integrating genetic and physiological approaches to characterization of the floral stimulus. Plant, Cell & Environment, 28(1):54-66.
[4]. FAO (2013) FAOSTAT. Food and agricultural commodities production, FAO, Rome, Italy. from http:..faostat.fao.org.site.339.default.aspx.
[5]. Jinks J L, Jones R M (1958) Estimation of the components of heterosis. Genetics, 43:223-234.

ABSTRACT: A Factorial experiment was conducted at the Experimental Station (A) of the Field Crops Department / college of Agriculture - University of Baghdad (Jadriya) during the winter season of 2014-2015. The study aimed to investigate the effect of the hierarchy of tiller production in wheat under the influence of seed rates and nitrogen levels. Treatments were distributed in the Factorial experiment within Randomized Complete Black Design with three Replicates and four seeding rates 60,80,100 and 120 kg ha-1 and fertilized with four nitrogen levels 50,100,150 and 200 kg N. ha-1. The results showed that there were significant differences within two factors and their interactionwith the number of fertile tillers m-2 (the first tiller T1, the second tiller T2, the third tiller T3). m-2, dry weight (gm) and plant height (cm) during the growing season.As the main stem superiority to give the highest average of number of fertile tillers m-272.7 spikes. m-2 and dry weight were 15.131 (gm) and plant height..............

Keywords: the hierarchy of tiller production, the contribution of main stem, Tiller1, Tiller2, Tiller3, Dry weight tillers, Tiller height * Part of M.Sc. Thesis of the first author.

[1]. Ahmed, M. R. 2005. Responsive and Tolerance for some Varieties of Wheat toDifferent Rates of Herbicide Spraying Shiva Lear. M.Sc. Thesis. Coll. Of Agric.Baghdad Univ. Pp: 147.
[2]. Al-Hassan, M. F. H. 2011. Understanding the mechanism of branching in several varieties of baking wheat (Triticum aestivum L) with the effect of the rate of sowing and nitrogen level and its relationship to the recipient of grain and its components. PhD thesis. Faculty of Agriculture. Baghdad University.
[3]. Ali, Hakoomat, S. A., H. A. and F. S. Hassan. 2005. Impact of nitrogen application on growth and productivity of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Agri. Soc. Sci., 1(3): 216-218..

[4]. Ali, N. A. S. 2007. Introduction to soil fertility and fertilizer management. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. college of Agriculture. Baghdad University.
[5]. Almeida, M.L.D., L. Sangoi, Jr., A.M., A.C Alves, I.C. Nava, and A.C. Knopp, 2004. Tiller emission and dry mass accumulation of wheat cultivars under stress. Sci. Agri. (Piracicaba, Braz.). 61(3):266-270

ABSTRACT: The effect of ozone gas was tested to control adult1 (male and female) and larvae (primary, intermediate, advanced) of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella L.The gas ozone treatment in the laboratory was conducted under temperature conditions of 38±1 Celsius and at a level of relative humidity of 45 ± 5%. During the time exposures(1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 7.0 hours), it showed that ozone gas mortality rates reached 100% (LT100) as treatments had an effect on both the insect's adult and larvae stages.The adult stage (male and female) was more sensitive to the treatments than the larval stage as the 100% mortality rate was reached in 2 hours and 2 hours, respectively, while the larval stage was most resistant to the ozone treatments and the time required to achieve 100% mortality was 7 hours.............

Keywords: control ,gas , moth, ozone, wax.

[1]. J. Williams , Insects:Lepidoptera (moths) In: Morse R., Flottum K., (Ed). Honey Bee Pests, Predators, and Diseases.( AI Root Company; Medina, OH, USA: 1997) 121–141. [2]. 2-McMillan S., David V. , Jason W . Brian A . and Andrew P. Larva of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, is a suitable alternative host for studying virulence of fish pathogenic Vibrio anguillarum, BMC Microbiology 2015. 15:127 DOI 10.1186/s12866-015-0466-9.
[3]. j. E. Tew, Wax moth control in beehives. Ohio stste university.Horticulture and crop scince 1997, HYG2165:97.3P.
[4]. W. Ritter , P. Akratanakul Honey Bee Diseases and Pests: A Practical Guide. Volume 4 FAO; Rome, Italy: 2006.
[5]. R. Jafari , S. Goldasteh and S. Afrogheh. Control of the wax moth Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) by the male SterileTechniqu (MST) Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade, 62 (2) 2010, 309-313, DOI:10.2298/ABS1002309Ј 309.

ABSTRACT: Field experiment was Carry out in Field of Croup department- College of agriculture at Autumn Season 2016. The aim of this study to provide Corn varieties with Induces the tolerate drought. The Randomized Complete design (RCBD) was used with arrangement split plot by three Replicates, The main Factor (Soil moisture stress), with Irrigation (100%) as Control, 75, 50% that mean to reduction 25, 50% from water Quantity at Control treatment. The Second treats Includes: Injection Yeast Bread in the soil with Concentration 8g L-1, anti- transpiration 5ml L-1, and spread of distilled water (Control). The results were shown significant decreases in most of vegetative growth and increasing Level stress to 75, 50% such as dry weight Leaves, there area, with chlorophyll content............

Keywords: bread yeast, anti-transpiration, maize, water stress *Extracted from the master's thesis for the second researcher

[1]. Ahmed, E. T., .1998. Influence of concentration and time of spraying active dry yeast on growth and volatile oil content of Marjoram plants. J. Agric. Sci. Mansoura Univ., 23(11):5067-5081.
[2]. Al - Desouki, Hishmat Sulaiman Ahmed.2009. Increased resistance of sorghum plants to water stress by treatmeant with butane glycerin and chiquimic acid. Third Conference for Marketing Applied Research and University Services, Mansoura University.
[3]. AL-Aulis, Abbas Ajil Mohammed Abbas.2005. Response of strains and hybrids of maize under nitrogen and water insufficiency and adequacy. PhD, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Baghdad.
[4]. AL-Ghanimi, Abd Aoun Hashim Alwan, Abdul Jassim Muheisen Jassem Al-Jubouri and Qaimid Thaaban Yousef.2015. Effect of Proline and Water Stress Interaction on Root Growth of Some Maize Plants. Journal of Karbala Scientific University, Volume 13 Issue (2) Scientific.
[5]. Arhon DI. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts, polyphenoxidase in beta vulgaris. Plant physiology 24: 1-15..

ABSTRACT: Aiming to study the soil depth and rivers slop effects on total copper concentration in Middle Euphrates River Region that represent in the mesopotamia plain, soil pedon samples of cultivated territory that adjacent to rivers were taken. The seregions are located in provinces of: Karbala, Babylon, Najaf, Diwaniyah, and Al-Muthana. Teen soil pedons were taken of areas that adjacent to the main Euphrate River, the Al-Hilaa, and the AL-Daghara Rivers in these provinces. Soil pedons of areas that on the banks or close to the main Euphrates River were taken of counties of Twarije, Kufa, Gamas, and Al-Samawa. In the same way, soil pedons of Missaib, Hashmiah, Diwaniyah, and Rumitha are adjacent to the Hilla River and soil pedons of Al-Daghara and Affak belongs to the area of Al-Daghara River.........

Keywords: Soil copper, Soil pedon, River slop, copper reduction,total copper.

[1]. Tisdle, S. L., W. L. Nelson, J. D. Beaton, and J. L. Havlin. (1997). Soil fertility and Fertilizers. Prentice. Prentice-Hall of Indea. New Delhi.
[2]. Wei XR, Hao MD, Shao MA. 2007. Copper Fretitizers effects on copper Distribution Vertical Transport in Soil. Gerderma. 138, 213-220.
[3]. Stangev, L. F., failingf, S., Kurbanov, Y., Matev, Z. Tanev. (1990). Agricultural Chemistry. Treanslated byNadim Micha Ishaq and Ibrahim Mohammed Ali. Baghdad University. College of Agriculture. (In Arabic).
[4]. Hassan, N. A., and Hassan, Y. A. (1990). Soil Fertility and Fertitizers. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research. Baghdad University. College of Agriculture. (In Arabic).
[5]. Al-Naimi, Saadullah., Najm. Abdullah. (1999). Fertilization and Soil Fertility. Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research. University of Mosul. (In Arabic).[6]. Black, C. A. (1965). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part2 Chemical and Microbiological Properties. AM. Soc. Agron. Inc Madison. Wisconsin, USA..

ABSTRACT: Environmental pollution, land degradation, biodiversity constraints, extensive chemical fertilizer application, use of pesticides, insecticides and herbicides, production and consumption of alcohol and tobacco products, food waste due to poor food intake, chimerical contaminated food, lack of community development and policy formation issues pose direct and indirect challenges to agribusiness sustainability. Conventional farming hardly belongs to the solutions to the challenges, but conservative farming limitedly does. Islamic farming, on the other hand, outlines sustainable ways to resolve the challenges. Thus, conservation and Islamic farming jointly are able to resolve the sustainable agribusiness challenges. The present study, following a qualitative method, shows the ways how conservative........

Keywords: Islamic farming; conservation agriculture; sustainable agriculture; sustainability challenges.

[1]. Aminzadeh, B. (2013). Religious Ideology and Environment – An Introduction to Islamic Approach to Nature, Islam and Environment. Hekmat Quarterly Journal. An International Journal of Academic Research. 6(1): 17-32.
[2]. Ambert, A., Adler, P.A., Adler, P., & Detzner, D.F. (1995). Understanding and Evaluating Qualitative research. Journal of Marriage and Family, 57(4): 879-893.
[3]. Arbabi, M., & Noormohamadi, MR. (2014). Evaluating the Situation and Rights of Environment in Islamic Lifestyle, From the Viewpoint of Quran and Narrations. Islam Life Center Health,1(4):1-7.
[4]. Bogdan, R. C & Biklen, S. N. (2003). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods. 4th edition. Pearson: Harlow.
[5]. Bryman, A. (2008). Social research methods. 3rd edition. New York: Oxford university press..

ABSTRACT: The experiment was carried out in the fields of the silt loan of 2017 in Sil soil. The RCBD was used in three components. Three levels of Mg2, Mg1, Mg2, The two organic fertilizer levels are 4.0 mAg, symbolized by O1, O0 respectively and the third bio-fertilizer FB1, FB0. The results showed the following: A significant increase in CEC values was achieved in the addition of the M fertilizer (120,80,40) days of planting with an increase rate of 18.37,14.43,12.32% for the time periods respectively and by 16-20% and an increase in CEC values (M2 + FB1) in the CEC and organic matter values. The triple interference treatment achieved the highest level (M2 + FB2 + O2) in the organic fertilization. ) Highest level of CEC values and organic matter. We note from the study that there.........

Keywords: Magnesium - organic fertilizer - and vitality - soil qualities.

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[3]. Dadhich , S . K . , L . L Somani , and D . Shilpkar . 2011 . Effect of integrated use of fertilizer p , FM and bio fertiltzers on soil properties and productivity of soybean – Wheat crop sequence . Joarnal of Advances in Developemental Research . 2 ( 1 ) : 42 – 46
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