IOSR-JAVS   Volume-10 ~ Issue-2 ~ FEB-2017

ABSTRACT: The poultry is an emerging industry in Bangladesh. It has taken a phenomenal growth in the economy since early 1990s without making any deliberate feasibility study. Towards the GDP contribution from the agriculture sector has declined over the years but the share of livestock in agriculture has increased. Based on poultry industry a number of sub-industries have developed both in input sector and output sector working as backward linkage and forward linkage along with many service providing organizations and/or institutions. All these sub-industries and institutions along with the self-integrated components of a commercial industry such as customers, competitors, distributors, etc...........

Keywords: Ecosystem, DOC, backward linkage, forward linkage, hierarchy in poultry generation, five forces model.

[1]. Alders, R. G. and Pym, R. A. E. (2009). Village Poultry: Still Important to Millions Eight Thousand Years after Domestication. World's Poultry Science Journal. 65: 29-35.
[2]. Ali, Muhammad Mahboob, Hossain, Md. Moulude (2016). "Problems and Prospects of Poultry Industry in Bangladesh: An Analysis". Available at http://bea-bd.org/site/images/pdf/15.pdf . [Accessed 05 October 2016].
[3]. Bairagi, Dr Subir (2015). A research fellow of the Centre for Policy Dialogue (CPD). Published in Dhaka Tribune on Thursday, 24 December 2015. Available at http://cpd.org.bd/dr-subir-bairagi-on-bangladesh-poultry-sector-cited/. [Accessed 16 November 2016].
[4]. Bangladesh Bank Website (2016). Available at https://www.bb.org.bd/fnansys/bankfi.php.
[5]. Banglapedia (2016). Available at http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Livestock. [Accessed 16 November 2016].

ABSTRACT: The purpose of the paper is to depict the zoo condition and captive breeding zoos animals of Bangladesh. The research is based on some primary data, which are collected from a structured questionnaire survey, interview, observation and also on some secondary data which are collected from different sources. It is found that different zoo has different kind of animals among the zoos of Bangladesh, Dhaka zoo have highest number of animals which is 1622 and interesting Rangpur zoo have logiest number of animals which is 181.Bangladesh homes to roughly 116 species of mammals, 380 species of birds, 139 species of reptiles, 53 species of amphibians..........

Keywords: Comparison, zoo, captive breeding, Bangladesh

[1] Blunt, Wilfred. The Ark in the Park: The Zoo in the Nineteenth Century. Hamish Hamilton, 1976, pp. 15-17.
[2] Hyson, Jeffrey. "Jungles of Eden: the design of American zoos." (2000).
[3] Hutchins, Michael, and William G. Conway. "Beyond Noah's Ark: the evolving role of modern zoological parks and aquariums in field conservation." International Zoo Yearbook 34.1 (1995): 117-130.
[4] Rene S. Ebersole (November 2001). "The New Zoo". Audubon Magazine (National Audubon Society). Retrieved 2007-12-18
[5] Kisling, V. "ZOO and Aquarium History. Ancient Animal Collection to Zoological Gardens." Florida, CRC (2001).

ABSTRACT: The status of fish assemblage structure in Garmat Ali River, north of Basrah, Iraq was assessed. Fish were sampled monthly by different fishing gears from November 2015 to October 2016. Water temperature varied from 14.3oC in December to 32.7oC in September, and salinity ranged from 1.5‰ in June to 6.0 ‰ in December. A total 34 fish species belonging to 16 families were collected, 7 of them were native, 8 exotic and 19 marine species. The most abundant species were Poecilia latipinna, comprising 57.66% of the total catch, Tenualosa ilisha (15.29%) and Thryssa whiteheadi (7.96%).............

Keywords: Fish assemblage, ecological factors, biodiversity indices, Garmat Ali, Iraq

[1]. T.P. Parks, M.C. Quist and C. L. Pierce, Historical Changes in Fish Assemblage Structure in Midwestern Nonwadeable Rivers. Am. Midl. Nat. 171, 2014, 27–53.
[2]. M.K. Al-Tememi, M.A. Hussein, U.Q. Khaleefa, H.B. Ghaleb, A.M. AL-Mayah and A.J. Ruhmah, The Salts diffusion between East Hammar marsh area and Shatt Al-Arab River Northern Basra City. Marsh Bulletin, 10, 2105, 36-45.
[3]. H.K.H. Al-Mahmood, W.F. Hassan, A.Z.A. Alhello, A.I. Hammood and N.K. Muhson, Impact of low discharge and drought of the water quality of the Shatt Al Arab and Al-Basrah Rivers (south of Iraq). J. Int. Acad. Res. Multidisciplinary. 3, 2015, 285-296.
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[5]. A. H. Hameed and Y. S. Aljorany, Investigation on nutrient behavior along Shatt Al-Arab River River, Basrah, Iraq. J. Appl. Sci. Res., 7, 2011, 1340-1345.

ABSTRACT: Zinc (Zn) deficiency is the most widespread micronutrient disorder in rice. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effect of Zn application and root pruning on Zn absorption by transplanted rice. Pots were arranged in a factorial complete randomized design with three replicates, which comprised of 7 rates of Zn (0, 20, 40, 80, 160, 320 and 640 μg Zn kg -1 air dry soil), with 0 and 50 % root pruning. The obtained data were analysed statistically by the analysis of variance. The results showed that the relative Zn absorption rate were closely related to the dry weight of shoot and root. Root pruning had a lower rates of Zn absorption than those of without pruning.............

Keywords: Zinc, root pruning, absorption, transplanted rice

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ABSTRACT: National Key Economic Area (NKEA) for rubber involves three (3) Entry Point Projects (EPPs) and one of the targets is to ensure sustainability of the upstream rubber industry in Malaysia. This EPP aims to increase the area of replanting and new planting of rubber by independent smallholders to 24,000 hectares. More replanting exercises can also be expected following the government's rubber incentive to aid rubber smallholders suffering from weak commodity prices. Rubber smallholders produce 94% of the Malaysian rubber production. Nowadays, rubber smallholders need to face many challenges especially in rubber price fluctuation............

Keywords: Rubber price; rubber smallholders; social adaptation level

[1] Anishkumar, P. T. (2014). Socio-Economic Profile of Rubber Tappers in the Small Holding Sector: A Study at Wardvi of Thevazhoorgrama Anchayath, Kottayam, Kerala. Indian Streams Research Journal, 4 (4).
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ABSTRACT: In the present study, the changes in the concentrations of the major volatile constituents of different types of Greek white wines produced in the areas of Cephalonia ("Robola"), Leucada ("Vardea") and Zante ("Pavlos" and "Moshato") during storage for 12 months in glass and PET containers under cellar and refrigeration temperature were investigated. A liquid/liquid extraction method was applied for the isolation of the studied compounds. The identification of the volatile compounds was performed by GC/MS and the quantitative determination by GC/FID analysis.............

Keywords: Cluster and Principal Component Analysis, GC/MS and GC/FID analysis, storage time and temperature, packaging material, white wine volatiles.

[1] Zhou Y., Riesen R. and Gilpin C.S. (1996). Comparison of Amberlity XAD-2/Freon 11 extraction with liquid/liquid extraction for the determination of wine flavour components. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 44, 818-822.
[2] Bardi, E., Koutinas A.A., Psarianos C. and Kanellaki M. (1997). Volatile by-products formed in low-temperature wine making using immobilized yeast cells. Process Biochemistry, 32, 579-584.
[3] Pérez-Coello M.S., Gonzàlez-Viñas M.A., García-Romero E., Díaz-Maroto M.C. and Cabezudo M.D. (2003). Influence of storage temperature on the volatile compounds of young white wines. Food Control 14, 301-306.
[4] Dombre C. and Chalier P. (2014). Evaluation of transfer of wine aroma compounds through PET bottles. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 41784, 1-10.
[5] Falqué E., Fernàndez P.and Doubourdieu,D. (2001). Differentiation of white wines by their aromatic index. Talanta, 54, 271-281

ABSTRACT: Research institutions generally monitor their research projects for financial and book keeping purposes. In addition, many attempt to evaluate the quality of their research. Unfortunately, few research institutions commit significant resources to the process of evaluating the social and environment impacts of their research. There are several reasons for the reluctance to do so. Perhaps some of this unwillingness stems from the feeling that research resources are scarce; the benefits are obvious and we should therefore simply get on with the process. Perhaps some of the unwillingness stems from a fear that evaluation of research results would produce unfavourable benefit-cost ratios.............

Keywords: Agriculture, evaluation, impact assessment, projects management, rural development, veterinary.

[1]. Anderson, J.R. (1992), Measuring the efficacy of international agricultural research, CIMMYT 1991 Annual Report. Centro International de Mejoramiento de aizy Trigo Mexico, DF.
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[4]. Centre for Development Information and Evaluation (CDIE) US Agency for International Development (USAID), Washington, DC 20523 - 1082, USA.
[5]. Economic Evaluation Unit, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) GPO Box 1571, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of two maize cultivars for green-maize production, submitted to different plant densities. The experiment was carry out in the experimental field of the Department of Phytotechny of the Center of Agricultural Sciences of the Federal University of Piaui, in a Eutrophic Sandy Neosol, under irrigation conditions. The experimental design was a randomize block, in factorial scheme 5 x 2, with five plant densities (40,000, 45,000, 50,000, 55,000 and 60,000 plants ha-1), two cultivars (AG1051 and BM3061) and four repeats..............

Keywords: Green maize, plant population, AG1051, BM3061

[1] ASSISTAT, statistical assistance, beta (2012), developed by the Department by the Department of Agricultural Engineering, the Center for Science and Technology, Federal University of Campina Grande, PB.
[2] CALONEGO, J. C.; POLETO, L. C.; DOMINGUES, F. N.; TIRITAN C. S. Productivity and growth in different maize plant arrangements. Agrarian, v. 4, 84-90, 2011.
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ABSTRACT: For millennia before the industrial revolution, forests, woodlands, and trees were the source of land for settlement and cultivation, products and materials for construction, woody biomass for fuel and energy, and indeed, directly for food and nutrition as well. The spread of agricultural revolution depended on the conversion of forests into cultivable land. The continuing contributions of forests to global biodiversity, to the fertility of agricultural lands, and to the welfare of those who depend on them mean that forests are immensely valuable for sustainability. The massive economic contributions forests continue to make to human livelihoods, economic development, and national incomes are the main focus of this report. Changes in forest cover and the economic contributions of forests to development..............

Keywords: Forest, Transition, Regional Pattern, Deforestation, Agriculture

[1]. Arce‐Nazario, J. A. (2007). "Human landscapes have complex trajectories: reconstructing Peruvian Amazon landscape history from 1948 to 2005." Landscape Ecology 22: 89‐101.
[2]. Barton, G. (2001). "Empire forestry and the origins of environmentalism." Journal of Historical Geography 27(4): 529‐552.
[3]. Chomitz, K. and Kumari, K. (1998). The Domestic Benefits of Tropical Forests: A Review. The World Bank Research Observer 13(1): 13‐35.
[4]. FAO (2006). "Forests and Human Health." Unasylva 57(2): Special Issue.
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ABSTRACT: This study investigated the profitability of rice production in Mubi-North Local Government Area of Adamawa State. Specifically, input-output relationship and resource use efficiency were determined. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data from 100 rice farmers using simple random sampling technique from Mubi, Mayo-Bani, Ba'a, and Fali districts of Mubi-North LGA. Analytical tools used were descriptive statistics, gross margin analysis, multiple regression, and efficiency of resource use. The result showed a profit of N16, 977.65 indicating that it is worthwhile to invest in rice production in the study area..............

Keywords: Resource use, Rice production, Adamawa, Mubi-North.

[1] Adebayo, E. F. (2005): Resource use efficiency and multiple production objectives of diary pastoralists in Adamawa State. 2nd Seminar paper, Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Ibadan Seminar Series.
[2] Adebayo, E. F. and J. I. Onu (1999): Economics of rice production in Yola North and South Local Government Areas. Nigerian Journal of Tropical Agriculture 1:15-20.
[3] Akande, T. (2002): An Overview of the Nigerian Rice Economy. The Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan Nigeria.
[4] Akpokodje, J., F. Lancon, and O. Ereanstin (2001): Nigeria's Rice Economy. A Project Report, the Nigerian Rice Economy in a Competitive World. Constraints, Opportunities and Strategic Choices. WARDS.
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ABSTRACT: Wound is attributed as a loss or tearing of cellular, functional and anatomical continuity of live tissues. Complex biological phases occur during wound healing are coagulation, epithelization, granulation, collegenation and finally remodeling of tissues. Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Curcuma longa (Turmeric) are two traditional medicinal plants used as herbal medicine in many parts of the world, which show anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory, anti-carcinogenic, blood purifier and wound healing properties. Tetrachlorodecaoxide (TCDO; Oxoferin®) is a proved drug for wound care which contains..............

Keywords: Histopathology, Oxoferin,Traditional medicine, Tensile strength and Wound Healing

[1]. Ayello EA, 2005. What does the wound say ? Why determining etiology is essential for appropriate wound care. Adv in Skin Wound Care, 18: 98-109.
[2]. Fulzele SV, PM Satturwar, SB Joshi, and AK Dorle, 2002. Wound healing activity of hingvadyaghritain rats. Indian Drugs, 39:606-609.
[3]. Kwon AH, Z Qiu and Hirao, 2007. Topical application of plasma fibronectin in full-thickness skin wound healing in rats. Exp. Biol Med, 232: 935-941.
[4]. Senthil Kumar M, R Sripriya, HV Raghavan and P Sehgal, 2006. Wound Healing Potential of Cassia fistula on Infected Albino Rat. Model. J Surg Res, 131: 283-289.
[5]. Sharma Y, G Jeyabalan and R Singh, 2013. Potential Wound Healing Agents from Medicinal Plants: A Review. Pharmacologia, 4: 349-358.

ABSTRACT: In tropical and subtropical countries, the husbandry practices and the environment is ideal for parasite infestation and subsequent reduced productivity in cattle. The most important parasites are liver flukes, schistosomes, amphistomes, cestodes and GI tract nematodes. Oxfendazole is the sulphoxide metabolite of fenbendazole and responsible for that efficacy spectrum of fenbendazole. Oxfendazole reaches peak blood levels more slowly, thereby maintaining effective concentrations for a longer time, which increases the efficacy against immature and inhibited larvae...............

Keywords: Buffaloes, cattle, efficacy, nematodes, oxfendazole,

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ABSTRACT: Propolis helps boost the immune system naturally because propolis is rich in bioactive compounds and can help increase the production and activity of immune cells. This product has attracted the interest of researchers in recent decades because of the properties of biological and pharmacological, among others such as antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunomodulatory. One of bee species that potentially produce propolis in Indonesia is a local bee species Trigona spp. This study aimed to to determine the immunomodulatory effects of ethanol extract of propolis on the Sprague Dawley rats were infected by Staphylococcus aureus. Identification of the phytochemical..............

Keywords: Propolis Trigona spp., macrophages activity, antibodies

[1] Bankova V. Chemical diversity of propolis makes it a valuable source of new biologically active compounds. J Api Prod Api Med Sci. 2009;1:23-28.
[2] Marcucci MC, Ferreres F, Garcia-Viguera C, Bankova VS, De Castro SL, Dantas AP, et al. Phenolic compounds from Brazilian propolis with pharmacological activities. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001;74:105-112.
[3] Falcão SI, Vale N, Gomes P, Domingues MR, Freire C, Cardoso SM, et al. Phenolic profiling of Portuguese propolis by LC-MS spectrometry: uncommon propolis rich in flavonoid glycosides. Phytochem Anal. 2013;24:309-318.
[4] Shi H, Yang H, Zhang X, Yu LL. Identification and quantification of phytochemical composition and anti-inflammatory and radical scavenging properties of methanolic extracts of Chinese propolis. J Agric Food Chem. 2012;60:12403-12410
[5] Chen CN, Hsiao CJ, Lee SS, Guh JH, Chiang PC, Huang CC et al. Chemical modification and anticancer effect of prenylated flavanones from Taiwanese propolis. Nat Prod Res. 2012;26:116-124