IOSR-JAVS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-1 ~ JAN-2019

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted during February and May 2016 at the Demonstration Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum at Shambat (Longitude 32o 32` E, Latitude 15o 40` N and Altitude 380 m amsl), on a total area of 40m× 30m, with the objective of determining water distribution efficiency due to the effect of different weather conditions during three periods in the day (morning 08:00- 09:00 a.m., mid-day 12:00 - 02:00 p.m., evening). The study also included determination of Christiansen's coefficient of uniformity (CU%) and the distribution uniformity (DU%) for each of the above mentioned periods under two operating pressures of 1.0 and 2.0 bar and two riser heights of 1.0 and 1.5 m. Plastic sprinkler heads (LEGO) sing1e nozzle type were used .The experiment..........

Key Words: Coefficient, distribution uniformity, evaporation, pressure, sprinkler, weather.

[1]. Abo-Ghobar, H.M. and A.I. Amoud (1992). Performance Characteristics of Various Impact Sprinkler Types Locally Used. J. King Saud University. 4(2): 175-187.
[2]. Abo-Ghobar, H.M. (1993). Evaporation and Drift Losses from Sprinkler Irrigation Systems under Hot and Dry Conditions. J King Saud University. 5(2): 153-164.
[3]. Abo-Ohobar, H.M. (1994). The Effect of Riser Height and Nozzle Size on Evaporation and Drift Losses under Arid Conditions, J King Saud University. 6 (2): 191-202.
[4]. Brouwer. C.; Prins, K.; Kay, M. and Heibloem, M. (2001), Irrigation Water Management: Irrigation Methods. Training manual No 5. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy.
[5]. Doorenbos. J. and Pruitt ,W.O. (1984). Crop Water Requirements, Irrigation and Drain. Paper 24,FAO. Rome. Italy

ABSTRACT: This study reveals the effect of 300g of mild steel buried in different levels of crude oil( 0, 40, 80, 120 and 160ml ) polluted soils (3kg) on the growth response of two maize (ZeaMays L.) varieties. The plant height, leaf length, and leaf number were measured. There was a gradual increase in the growth parameters with age in soils with low levels (0, and 40ml) of treatment. The higher the treatment levels, the higher the corrosion of mild steel, and the higher the iron content in the soil. There was higher chlorosis and reduction in leaf size in the 160ml crude oil treatment in the white maize compared with the yellow maize. This could be as a result of the penetration of oil into the plant tissues and highly corroded and dissolved iron in the soil matrix. It was therefore, concluded that crude oil/ iron stress...........

[1]. Achuba, F.I. (2006). The Effect of Sub-lethal Concentration on the Growth and Metabolism of Cowpea (Vignaunguiculata) Seedlings. African J.
[2]. Adam, G. and Duncan H.J. (2002). Influence of Diesel Fuel on Seed Germination. Environ. Pollut.
[3]. AOAC (2005).Official Methods of Analysis. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 18th ed., Washington D.C.

[4]. Ayotamuno, J.M. and Kogbara, R.B. (2007). Determination of the Tolerance Level of Zea mays (Maize) to a Crude Oil Polluted Agricultural soil. African Journal of Biotechnology. Vol 6(11) : 1332-1336.
[5]. Ekundayo, E.O., Emede, T.O and Osayande, D.I. (2001). Effects of Crude Oil Spillage on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Soils of Midwestern Nigeria. Plant Foods. Hum. Nutr. 56(4): 313-324.

ABSTRACT: The present experiment entitled "Genetic variability, Correlation and Path analysis for yield and yield components in F6 generation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.Em. Thell.)" Was conducted in Rabi 2015-16 at the Field Experimentation Centre of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SHUATS, Allahabad. The experiment was carried out in augmented design with three (3) blocks to obtain information on estimates of variability, correlation coefficient and path analysis among 19 genotypes of wheat. Analysis of variance revealed that there was significant differences among........

Keywords: Variability, Correlation coefficient, Path analysis, F6 Generation of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. Em. Thell.)

[1]. Ali, Y. Atta, B.M., Javed, A., Monneveux and, P. and Lateef, Z. (2008). Genetic variability, association and diversity studies in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm.,Pakistan Journal of Botany., 40 (5):2087-2097.
[2]. Al-Jibouri, Miller, R.A. and Robinson, H.P. (1958). Genotypic and environmental variation and covariance in an upland cotton crosses of inter specific origin. Agronomy Journal 50:133.
[3]. Arvind, A., Raj, S. (2014).Genetic variability in relation to qualitative and quantitative traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).Indian Journal of Genetics and plant breeding ,(3): 23-28.
[4]. Arya, V.D, Pawar, I. S. and Lamba, R.A.S. (2005).Genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient for yield and quality traits in bread wheat. Haryana Agricultural University Journal of Research, 35 (1):59-63.
[5]. Ashfaq, A. Ahmad, A.M., Awan, S.I. Kang S.A., Muhammad S.and Muhammad A. (2014) Estimation of genetic variability, heritibility and correlation for some morphological traits in spring wheat. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare.4: 50-54

ABSTRACT: Biochemical methane potential (BMP) test is a useful laboratory-scale tool to determine the biodegradability and methane potential from different manure. The aims of this study were to evaluate the BMP of sheep manure and the elimination of pathogens after going through anaerobic digestion. The BMP was carried out in mesophilic temperature (35ºC) with a substrate/inoculum (S/I) ratio of 0.5 gSV/grSV. At the beginning and in the end of the experiment the following variables were determined, pH, total and soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODT and CODs respectively), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), free ammonia nitrogen (FAN), volatile fatty acid (VFA), partial.......

Keywords: Sheep manure; anaerobic digestion; pathogen removal; gastrointestinal nematodes eggs

[1]. SENASA http://www.senasa.gob.ar/cadena-animal/ovinos
[2]. Lobato Fuertes, A. 2012. Estudio de la co-digestión anaerobia de residuos ganaderos con otros substratos agroindustriales. Instituto de Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales y Biodiversidad (Área de Ingenieria Química). Universidad de León, España.
[3]. LeJeune, J. T., and A. N. Wetzel. 2007. Preharvest control of Escherichia coli O157 in cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 85:73-80.,
[4]. Miner, J. R., F. J. Humenik, and M. R. Overchash. 2000. Managing Livestock Wastes to Preserve Environmental Quality. Environmental Quality. Iowa State Univertisy Press. Ames, IA, USA. pp: 318.
[5]. Sharpe, R., and N Skakkebæk. 1993. Are oestrogens involved in falling sperm counts and disorders of the male reproductive tract? The Lancet 341: 1392. https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(93)90953-E

ABSTRACT: This research was carried out to 15 sugar factories (PG) owned by PT Perkebunan Nusantara IX which then became DMU (Decision Making Unit). The factories were PG Sudhono (SUD), PG Poerwodadie (PUR), PG Redjosari (RED), PG Pagotan (PAG), PG Kedawoeng (KED), PG Wonolangan (WON), PGGending (GEN), PG Padjarakan (PAD), PG Jatiroto (JAT), PG Semboro (SEM), PG Wringin anom (WRI), PG Olean (OLE), PG Panjie (PAN), PG Pradjekan (PRA), and PG Asembagoes (ASE). The aim to know the factory efficiency and if the input variable could be used to enhance the sugar production efficiency. The analysis of efficiency value was using Data Envelopment Analisis.......

Keywords: Data Envelopment Analysis, Decision Making Unit, sugar factory, PT Perkebunan Nusantara XI, efficiency

[1]. Cooper, W. Seiford, L. Zhu, J. 2011. Hand Book on Data Envelopment Analysis. Springer Science and Business Media. New York
[2]. Kementerian Pertanian. 2016. Out Look Tebu : Komoditas Pertanian Subsektor Perkebunan. Sekretaris Jendral Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. ISSN 1907-1507
[3]. Lilis, Ernawati, Suryani, E. 2013. Analisis Faktor Produktifitas Gula Nasional Pengaruhnya Terhadap Harga Gula Domestik dan Permintaan Gula Import dengan Menggunakan Sistem Dinamik. Jurnal Teknik. POMFTS. Vol. 1 No.1 : 1-7
[4]. Marta, S 2011. Analisa Efisiensi Industri gula di Indonesia dengan metode Data Envelopment Analisysis Tahun 2001-2011, Media ekonomi vol 19 no 1
[5]. Nazmul, I. 2015. Production Efficiency of Sugar Factories in Bangladesh ; An Application of Data Envelopment Analysis. Global Journal Of Management and Business Reasrch. Vol. 15. Issue version Year 2015No. 9 September 1984. pp. 1078-1091

ABSTRACT: Length frequency distribution, length-weight relationship, age, growth, Gonado-somatic index (GSI) and food habit of the cyprinid fish, Carasobarbus sublimus (Coad & Najafpour, 1997) from the Al-Diwaniya River, Middle Euphrates, Iraq were investigated for the first time. Fish were collected by gill nets and electeofishig during July-September 2017. Fish lengths of 20 to 25 cm dominated the population. Total length–weight relationship was found to be W= 0.009L3.153, growth pattern is isometric (P>0.05). The mean relative condition factor was 0.99. The mean lengths estimated at ages 1 to 4 year were found to be 8.5, 14.6, 18.3 and 21.7 cm respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth equation was Lt = 29.4(1-e-0.331(t+0.039) ). The overall values of GSI for females and males were 9.7 and 1.6%, respectively. C. sublimus was omnivorous fed on algae (31.0%), aquatic insects (29.8%), macrophytes (27.8%) and snails (11.5%).

Keywords: Carasobarbus sublimus, growth, food habit, Al-Diwaniya River, Iraq

[1]. Ahmed, H.A. 1982. Growth of the cyprinid fish Barbus luteus (Heckel) in Tharthar Reservoir, Iraq. Bull. Basrah Nat. Hist. Mus., 5: 3-15.
[2]. AL Hazzaa, R. 2005. Some biological aspects of the himri barbel, Barbus luteus, in the intermediate reaches of the Euphrates River. Turk. J. Zool., 29: 311-315.
[3]. Al-Amari, M.J.Y., Al-Tai, M. S. and Rashid, K. H. R. 2012. some biological aspects of fish Barbus luteus (Heckel, 1883) in Al-Hilla River/Iraq. Journal of Babylon University/Pure and Applied Sciences, 22 (1): 1-14.
[4]. Al-Ashi, M. H. 2013. Some biological aspects of fish Hamri Barbus luteus (Heckel, 1883) in three different environments , Slah Al- Deen / Iraq. Journal Collage of Agriculture – University of Tikrit-Iraq. 16 (4): 82-89.
[5]. Al-Jubouri, M.A.A and Mohamed, A.R.M, 2018 The occurrence, growth, reproduction and food habit of Carasobarbus luteus in the Al-Diwaniya River, middle of Iraq.

ABSTRACT: The trial "Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) tovarying intra-row spacing and variety at Bagauda, a Sudan savannah Agro-ecological Nigeria.) Was conducted at Bagauda (former ICRISAT Research station) (11° 39N, 08° 20E) during the 2012 wet season to determine the suitable variety and optimum intra-row spacing for groundnut (Arachis hypogea L) in the area. The treatments were combined and arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and was replicated 3 times. It consisted of five (5) varieties (SAMNUT 10, SAMNUT 22, SAMNUT 23, SAMNUT 24 and Mai Bargo, a local variety used as check) and three level of spacing (20cm, 25cm, 30cm)........

Keywords: Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L), Intra-row spacing, variety

[1]. Bullock D. G., Nielsen R. L. and Nyquist W. E. 1988. A growth analysis comparison of corn grown in conventional and equidistant plant spacing. Crop Sci. 28: 254-258.
[2]. El-sayed, A.S., R. Rahaya, P and Carly D.H (1992) peanut production, utilization and trade in 1980s. Department of Agriculture university of Georgia. F-S 9`1-31.
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[5]. Freeman, H.A Kelly, T.G, Ntare B.R, Subrahmanyam P, and Boughton D., (1999). The world groundnut facts, trends, and outlook. ICRISAT.

ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the distributional effect of income among rural farm households in Nigeria.A quantile regression approach was applied on cross-section data from a nationally representative data. Ordinary least square was also used for comparison purposes. Results shows thathousehold size, assets, farm size, extension services and access to credit are the most important factors explaining income distribution across quantile with varying magnitude.Additionally, assets ownership, farm size, extension service and household size were consistent variables that influenced farm household income across methods of estimation. We found that factors that determines income distribution among farm households was different suggesting covariates are not constant across quantile. This paper puts forward relevant policy options suitable for improved household livelihood..

Keywords: Farm household, Income, Nigeria, Quantile regression, Rural

[1]. J. J. Okello, M. J. Hutchinson, A. Mwang'ombe, J. Ambuko, F. Olubayo, and M, Mwakangalu. Consumer demand for value-added products of African indigenous vegetables in coastal Kenya: The case of sundried and frozen cowpea leaves, Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 6(1), 2015, 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2015.061.004.
[2]. S. P. Khatiwada, W. Deng, B. Paudel, J. R. Khatiwada, J. Zhang and Y. Su. Household livelihood strategies and implication for poverty reduction in rural areas of central Nepal. Sustainability,9,2017, 612-32. doi:10.3390/su9040612, www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability
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ABSTRACT: Development of livestock is a crying need at present because global demand for animal proteins is increasing day by day.A crucial component of efficient calf production is high quality bull semen for successful fertilization and improved herd health. The investigation was aimed to evaluate the bulls for breeding soundness by assessing their fresh semen. 15 different genotypes beef bulls of (pure breed BCB-1, Limousin cross, Charolais cross, Simmental cross and Brahman cross) were examined physically with a special emphasis to the palpation of the scrotum and testicles and rectal palpation of the pelvic genitalia were carried out once every two weeks. Semen quality parameters........

Keywords: bull, artificial insemination, semen, sperm

[1]. Blezinger, S. (1999). Cattle Today: Many Factors Affect Bull Performance. http://www.cattletoday.com
[2]. Faulkner, L. C. and Pineda, M. H. (1980). Artificial insemination. In: Donald, M.C. (ed): Veterinary Endocrinology and Reproduction. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, pp. 330-366.
[3]. Hafez, E. S. E. (1993). Reproduction in Farm Animals. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger, pp. 405-439.
[4]. Coulter, G. H. and Foote, R. H. (1979). Bovine testicular measurements as indicator of reproductive performance and their relation to productive traits in cattle.Theriogenology, 11(4): 297-311.
[5]. Blom, E. (1973). The ultrastructure of some characteristic sperm defects and a proposal for a new classification of the bull spermiogram.Nordisk Veterinaermedicine, 25: 383-391.

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to find out the effect of the amount of raw material, labor, output price, labor wage, raw material price, and price of other inputs on the value added amount in sago processing. Konawe District was selected purposively as study location due to its status as the main sago producing district in the province of Southeast Sulawesi. There were 26 sago processor groups existing in the district, and all of them were taken as respondents. Data and information were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using production structure and multiple regression analysis. Study results show that as a whole, variables of production capacity, the amount of raw material, labor, output price, labor wage, raw material price, and price of other input have significant effect on the value added. Partially, production capacity, the amount of raw material, output price, raw material price, and price of other input each have significant effect on the value added..

Keywords: Indonesia, processing, sago, Sulawesi, value addition

[1] FAO, The role of agriculture in the development of LDCs and their integration in the world economy. Paper prepared for the Third United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, Brussels, 14-20 May, 2001. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/y0491e/y0491e00.htm#TopOfPage
[2] H. Saediman, Prioritizing commodities in Southeast Sulawesi Province of Indonesia using AHP based Borda Count Method. Asian Social Science, 11(15), 2015, 171-179.
[3] R. Roy, M. Shivamurthy, and R.B. Radhakrishn, Impact of value addition training on participants of farmers training institutes. World Appl. Sci. J., 22(10), 2013, 1401-1411
[4] A. D. Alonso, Farmers' involvement in value-added produce: the case of Alabama growers, British Food Journal, 113(2), 2011, 187-204.
[5] FAO, The state of food security and nutrition in the world. Building resilience for peace and food security (Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2017). Retrieved from www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition.

ABSTRACT: Two concurrent experiments were conducted during rainy season of 2017 at Research Farm of Bayero University Kano (Lat. 11o 58′N and Long. 80 33′ E and 475m above sea level), and Gurungawa Kumbotso Local Government area (lat. 11o 56′N and long. 80 31′ E and 447m above sea level) all in the Sudan savanna of Nigeria. The experiment consist of three levels of cow dung (0t ha-1, 3t ha-1 and 6t ha-1) and NPK fertilizer at 50 kg N ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1, 35 kg k2O ha-1, two levels each of two pre-emergence herbicides Metolachlor and Pendimenthalin at 2.0 Kg a.i. ha-1 and 2.5 Kg a.i. ha-1, two hoe weeding at 3 and 6WAS and weedy check as control. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with cow dung and NPK applied to the main plot and weed management practice to sub-plot and was replicated three times. The result indicated that weedy check was consistently......

[1]. Alhassan, J., S. A. dadari, B. A. babaji, and J. A. Y. Shebayan (2015). Weed Control Efficiency of Management Practices of Lowland Paddy Production in Sudan Savanna Ecology Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare Vol.5, No.16, www.iiste.org ISSN 2224-3208 Pp 105 – 112.
[2]. Akobundu, I. O. (1987). Weed Science in the Tropics- Principles and Practices. A wiley- international publication. Pp 532
[3]. Chauchan, B. S. (2012). Weed ecology and weed management strategies for dry-seeded rice in Asia. Weed Technology, Pp 1-13.
[4]. Diomande S., Yao, A. C., Mangara A. and Bakayoko A. (2018). Weeds in The Vegetable Garden of The Town of Gagnoa (Côte d'Ivoire) Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) Volume 11, Issue 4,www.iosrjournals.org, ISSN: 2319-2380, Pp 49-59.
[5]. Duhoon, S.S. Jyotishi, A., Deshmukh, M.R and Singh, N.B. (2004). Optimazation of sesame (sesamum indicum L.) Production through bio/natural inputs. http://www.cropsceince.au/res.

ABSTRACT: A feeding trial using 12 bunaji bulls, aged between eighteen months and having an average weight of 156kg were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups. The animal groups were allotted the treatment diets containing 0, 25, 50 and 75 % sweet orange peels as replacement for maize offal in a completely randomized design. Parameters measured were concentrate intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio and economics of production. The experiment lasted for 203 days. Results showed that total concentrate intake was 223.40kg, 253.98kg, 250.14kg and 254.47kg for 0 %, 25 %, 50 % and75 % SOPM respectively. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) among the treatment groups for total concentrate intake, mean concentrate intake and feed conversion ratio. Total weight gain, mean......

Keywords: sweet orange peel meal, bunaji bulls, revenue

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[3]. Arigbede, O. M., Bolaji, O. J., Sanusi, I.M, Olanile, J.O and Jolaosho, A.O (2010).Nutrient intake and performance of West African Dwarf sheep fed graded levels of wild yam (Achomones difformis) and Pennisetum purpureum. Proceeding 35th Conference of Nigeria Society for Animal Production on the 14th – 17th March, 2010. University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Pp. 485 – 488.
[4]. Babayemi, O. J., Ekokotu, O. A and lyang, U. A (2009). Evaluation of ensiled Cassava peels together with Albizia Samam pods in: B. I. Umoh, A. B. I. Udedibie, L. P. Solomon, O. L. Obasi, B. I. Okon and E. J. Udoh (eds). Animal Agriculture and Global Food challenges. Proceedings of the 34th Annual conference of the NSAP held at University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria: 544 - 546.
[5]. Barje, P. P., Ehoche, O. W., Eduvie, L. O., Voh (jr), A. A., Akpa, G. N., Lamidi, O. S. and Goska, D.Y. (2013). Feedlot assessment of four indeginous breeds of cattle in Nigeria. International Journal of Life Science and Medicinal Research. Vol 3(1) pp. 35-38..