IOSR-JAVS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-11 ~ November 2019

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to find the optimal economic management of agricultural production, by minimizing the use of available water resources. The plain of Magnesia prefecture was chosen for this study, as it constitutes the most representative part of the plains of Greece. The method of Multi-criteria Analysis and more specific the Compromise Programming was used for the optimization of the agricultural production. The aim was to find the relatively optimal solution by evaluating alternative crop restructuring scenarios for the irrigation network. The result of this research is the final optimal restructuring of crops in irrigation network that brings all the benefits of using it, in both economic and environmental terms...

[1]. Tzimopoulos C, Balioti V, Evangelidis H, Giannopoulos S. Management of Irrigation Networks with the help of Linear Programming - Implementation in the Bridge Irrigation Network (Agios Athanasios Area). Proceedings of the 7th Panhellenic Congress of the Hellenic Society of Agricultural Engineers. Agricultural University of Athens2011;(4-1-61).
[2]. Wolff P. On the sustainability of water use. Natural Resources and Development. Tübingen1999; 49/50:9–28.
[3]. FAO. Coping with water scarcity. Challenge of the 21st century. 2007; Available on line: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/docs/escarcity.
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ABSTRACT: Phytogenic feed additives (PFA), comprising of herbs, spices, essential oils, plant extracts and products derived thereof have gained considerable importance in view of the worldwide ban on the inclusion of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in food animals. PFA have also been reported to influence meat and carcass quality traits in animals. The present study was aimed at comparing the effects of a PFA and an AGP on carcass traits in broilers. A 39-day trial was conducted with an as-hatched flock of 432-day-old Cobb 400 broilers. Chicks were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments with 12 replications per treatment and 12 birds per replicate. The three dietary treatments comprised of a control (basal diet), AGP (basal.........

Keywords: broiler, phytogenic feed additive, antibiotic growth promoter, carcass

[1]. Ciftci, M., Guler, T., Dalkilic, B., &Nihat Ertas, O. (2005). The effect of anise oil (Pimpinella anisum L.) on broiler performance. International Journal of Poultry Science,4, 851-55.
[2]. Cross, D. E., Mcdevith, R. M., Hillman, K., &Acamovic, T. (2007). The effect of herbs and their associated essential oils on performance, digestibilities and gut microflora in chickens 7 to 28 d of age. British Poultry Science 4, 496-506.
[3]. F. A. O.(2018).OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook 2018-2017 © OECD/FAO 2018, Rome, Italy.
[4]. Florou Paneri, P., Palatos, G., Govaris, A., Botsoglou, D., Giannenas, I.,&Ambrosiadis, I. (2005).Oregano herb versus oregano essential oil as feed supplements to increase the oxidative stability of turkey meat. International Journal of Poultry Science, 4, 866-871.
[5]. Gbenou J D, Ahounou J F, Akakpo H B, Laleye A, Yayi E, Gbaguidi F, Baba-Moussa L, Darboux R, Dansou P, Moudachirou M, Kotchoni S O (2013) Phytochemical composition of Cymbopogon citratus and Eucalyptus citriodoraessential oils and their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties on Wistar rats. Mol Biol Rep 40(2):1127-1134.

ABSTRACT: Bruising, morphological distortion, decaying, discolouration and mycotoxin production instored melon seedsensued partly as a result of several microbial activities within the storage environment. Shelled and unshelled melon seeds were collected from store houses in local markets within Lagos, Nigeria. Disease diagnosis, characterization andLaboratory analysis were conducted on samples collected.Absidia corymbifera and Penicillium spp caused decay and mummification of unshelled melon seeds, Cladosporium spp and Aspergillus fumigatus degraded the unshelled seed hilum, while A. flavus, Curvularia spp and Cladosporium spp caused tanning.......

Keywords: Mycotoxin; Stored melon seeds; Microbial activities; Disease diagnosis; Fungi.

[1]. Abiodun, O.A. and Adeleke, R. O. 2010. Comparative Studies on Nutritional Composition of four melon seeds varieties.Pakistan Journal of Nutrition.9(9):905-908.
[2]. Achigan-Dako, E. G., Fagbemissi, R., Avohou, H. T., Vodouhe, R. S., Coulibaly, O. and Ahanchede, A. 2008. Importance and practices of Egusi crops (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. and Nakai, Cucumeropsis mannii Naudin and Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl. cv. Aklamkpa) in sociolinguistic areas in Benin. Biotechnol. Agron. Soc. Environ. 12(4): 393-400.
[3]. Atehnkeng, J., Ojiambo, P. S., Donner, M., Ikotun, T., Sikora, R. A., Cotty, P. J., Bandyopadhyay, R. 2008. Distribution and toxigenicity of Aspergillus species isolated from maize kernels from three agro-ecological zones in Nigeria. International Journal of Food Microbiology.122(1-2):74-84.
[4]. Bankole, S. A., Osho, A, Joda, A. O., and Enikuomehin, O. A. 2005. Effect of drying method on the quality and storability of "egusi‟ melon seeds (Colocynthiscitrullus L). African Journal of Biotechnology. 4: 799-803.
[5]. Bankole, S.A. and Joda, A. O. 2004. Effect of lemon grass (Cymbopogoncitratus Stapf) powder and essential oil on mould deterioration and aflatoxin contamination of melon seeds (Colocynthis citrullus L.). AfricanJournal of Biotechnology.3: 52-59..

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to analyze the relationships between relationship marketing, ethics and performance of soyabean traders in Benue State, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used in selecting 120 soyabean traders for the study. Primary data was used via the administration of questionnaire in the study area. Data collected was carried out with the aid of SEM. The Comparative Fit Index (CFI) of 0.846 was close to 1 which indicates a better fit for the relationship marketing, ethics and performance model. The standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) value of 0.076 is the difference between the observed correlation and the model implied correlation matrix. This value is close to 0, which indicates good model fit for the study. The three paths covariance (i.e., Cov [RMKT, ETHICS], Cov [ETHICS, PERF] and Cov [RMKT, PERF]) were significant at 1%........

Keywords: Ethics, relationship marketing, performance, soyabean traders, structural equation modeling

[1]. Akaike, H. (1973).Information Theory and an Extension of the Maximum Likelihood Principle, in B.N. Petrove and F. Caski (éds.). Second Internntionøl Symposium on Information Theory. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest.
[2]. Ayoola, G.B. (2001). Essays on the Agricultural Economy: A book of Readings on Agricultural Policy and Administration in Nigeria. Vol. 1 Ibadan, Nigeria, TMA Publishers.
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ABSTRACT: En el Norte de Corrientes el sistema ganadero predominante es la cría extensiva. En la gran mayoría de los rodeos bovinos hay un predominio de animales cuya raza es una cruza con diferente porcentaje de sangre entre Aberdeen Angus (cebú) y Hereford. En menor medida pueden encontrarse razas criollas u otras. Dos ambientes característicos de esta región abarcan gran parte de su territorio: los campos bajos con alto nivel de anegamiento y los pastizales del tipo pajonal. En ambos predominan las especies de baja calidad forrajera cuyo crecimiento se concentra en la estación primavero-estival (aproximadamente el 70%). La distribución estacional del forraje.......

[1]. Flores, Jorgelina; Sampedro, Daniel. Recría de vaquillas. alternativas para anticipar el primer servicio. Noticias y Comentarios nº496. E.E.A. Mercedes I.N.T.A.
[2]. ………..; Robson, Carlos; Calvi, Mariana. Es el momento de planificar la suplementación. Hoja Informativa Nº 39. mayo 2011. EEA Mercedes. INTA
[3]. Sampedro, Daniel. (Coord.). Avances en nutrición animal de vacunos que utilizan forrajes de baja calidad. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mercedes. Centro Regional INTA Corrientes. Proyecto Regional Ganadero. Serie Técnica nº 48. marzo 2011
[4]. Peruchena, Carlos O.; Acosta, Fabián A. Mejorando la recría de vaquillas en el norte de Corrientes, impacto en la rentabilidad de los sistemas de cría. E.E.A. Corrientes. Mimeo s/d.

ABSTRACT: This study focused on the productivity and technical efficiency of cassava production in Ogun State, Nigeria. A multistage sampling procedure was employed to collect data from 120 sampled respondents which were purposively and randomly selected. Primary data were used through the use of structured questionnaires. Descriptive analytical techniques, multiple regression analysis and budgetary analysis were employed for data analysis. The result of the study showed that majority of the respondents (80.8%) are male and the age of the majority (55.8%) falls within 31-50 years. About 82.5% of the respondents in the study area are married and about (36.7%) of the respondents are literate and majority (55.8%) of them had between 21-40 years of farming experience. The maximum Likelihood Estimates revealed that the planted size, expenses on other planting materials and labour are critical.....

[1]. Abang, S.O., Ekpe, E. E., and Usani, W. W. (2000). Technical and allocative efficiency of small scale cassava farmers in five selected Local Government Areas of Cross Rivers State. Global Journal of Food and Applied Sciences, 1, 37–47.
[2]. Abolagba, E.O., Onyekwere, N.C., Agbonkpolar, B.N. and Umar, H.U. (2010). Determinants of Agricultural Export. Journal of Human Ecology, 29: 181-84.
[3]. Adebayo, K., and Idowu, I.A. (2000). The aftermath of the World Bank counterpart funding for the Ogun State Agricultural Development Programme (ADP) in Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 17, 79–98.
[4]. Adeoti, O. (2010). Water use impact of ethanol at a gasoline substitution ratio of 5% from cassava in Nigeria. Biomass and Bioenergy, 34(7), 985-992.
[5]. Ajibefun, I. A. and Abdulkadri, A. O. (2004). Impact of Farm Size on Resource-use Efficiency in Small-scale Farming: Evidence from south-western Nigeria. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment. 2(1): 359-369..

ABSTRACT: Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Bl. is a native orchid from Indonesia and one of Indonesia's national flowers, included in the list of endangered species. P. amabilis is also one of the orchid plants that is in high demand by various community groups, but P. amabilis production in Indonesia is still lagging behind other countries such as Thailand, Taiwan, Singapore and Australia.The obstacle faced in the growth of the orchid of the month is fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) which until now has not been effectively overcome. Aside from disease, inadequate water availability is a problem for orchid farmers.Drought stress in plants can result in slow increase in leaf area and affect stomata or photosynthesis in leaves and at mild to moderate levels can reduce plant productivity. The use of high yielding varieties that are resistant to Fo and drought with high yields is an important alternative for disease control and drought stress and does not cause negative impacts.The purpose of this study was to determine the specific expression character of P. amabilis leaflets resistant to fusaric......

Keywords: drought stress, Fusarium oxysporum (Fo), Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Bl.

[1]. Adisyahputra, Reni, I. dan Eldina, D. 2004. Karakterisasi Sifat Toleransi terhadap Cekaman Keringan Kacang Tanah (Archis hypogea
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[4]. Polyetilene Glycol (PEG) 6000. Jurnal Agrivigor 11(2) :292-299, ISSN: 1412-2286.
[5]. Agustamia, C., Ani W., dan Christanti S., 2016, Pengaruh Stomata dan Klorofil pada Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas Jagung terhadap

ABSTRACT: This present study was compiled to investigate the reproductive performance of Black Bengal goat at Saver Upazilla under the Dhaka district from July/2017 to June/2018. All goats of this study were rearing underextensiveconditions.Least-squaresmeansforbodyweightatbirthofBlackBengalgoatfor1st,2ndand3rd parity were 0.92±0.01, 0.99±0.01 and 0.97±0.01 kg respectively. The body weight at birth for winter, summer and rainy season were 0.92±0.01, 0.99±0.1 and 0.97±0.01 kg respectively. The body weight of Black Bengal goat at weaning period were 5.12±0.06, 5.03±0.05 and 4.97±0.06 kg respectively at 1st, 2nd and 3rdparity and body weight at weaning were 4.89±0.05, 5.27±0.05 and 4.93±0.09 kg respectively at winter, summer and rainy season. The litter sizes of Black Bengal......

Keywords: Goat, reproductive traits, body weight, litter size, gestation period

[1]. Akter, S., Husain, S.S., Chowdhury, S.A., Munzur, M.M. and Sev, G.K. 2006. Estimation of variance components predication of breeding value for some economically importanttraits of Black Bengal goats. BangladeshJ. Anim. sci. 25:20-26.
[2]. Amin, M.R., Husain, S.S. and Islam, A.B.M.M. 2000. Evaluation of Black Bengal goats and their crosses with Jamunapari goats for carcass characteristics. Small Rumin. Res. 38: 211-215.
[3]. Banergee, G.C. 1989. A text book of animal Husbandry. 7th edition, Oxford and IBH publishing Co.India.
[4]. Bhowmik, N., Mia, M.M. and Islam, S. 2014. Preliminary study on productive and reproductive performances of Jamunapari, Black Bengal and crossbred goats at Chittagong region of Bangladesh. Iranian J. appl. Anim. Sci. 4:89-93.
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ABSTRACT: The research aimed to evaluate sesame production with different planting densities in the SH1El variety. The experiment was implemented in the district of Horqueta, Paraguay, from October 2016 to February 2017. The experimental design was randomized complete blocks, five treatments with four repetitions were used. The treatments consisted of different numbers of plants in planting T1: 10, T2: 15, T3: 20, T4: 25 and T5: 30 plants per linear meter. The variables evaluated were plant height, number of capsules, weight of 1000 seeds and yield. The data obtained from each variable studied were subjected to analysis of variance (ANAVA). The analysis of variance shows that significant......

Keywords: Sesamun indicum L., density, number

[1] R. Robles, Producción de oleaginosas y textiles. 3ra. edición. México: Editorial LIMUSA. 1991. 530 p. http://scielo.iics.una.py/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=158706&pid=S2305-0683201200010000400018&lng=en
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[3] AFD. (Agencia Financiera de Desarrollo). 2008. análisis de la producción del Sésamo. Paraguay. Consultado el 20 de setiembre de 2017. Disponibles en www.afd.gov.py.
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ABSTRACT: This study was aimed to determine the yield of some maize varieties grown under different planting systems on dry land of Northern Lombok, Indonesia. The experiment was designed using a completely randomized block design, with two factors, namely maize variety and number of maize population which is realized from row spacing. The maize variety factor consist of 4 composite varieties (P4IS, Gumarang, Lamuru and Sukmaraga), and one hybrid variety (NK212). The row spacing factor consist of 5 types, namely 4 types of single row spacing (20x70 cm or 71428 plant/ha, 20x60 cm or 83333 plant/ha, 15x70 cm or 95238, and 15x60 cm or 111111 plant/ha), and double rows spacing ("jarwo"), that is 2:1 (20x35)x70 cm or 107142 plant/ha. The yield of maize was determined through dry seed weight per plot. Data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance at 5% level. The difference.......

Keywords: yield, number of population, dry land, and maize.

[1]. Anonymous. 2012. Breeding for Drought Stress Tolerance. https://en.wikipedia org/wiki/Breeding_for_drought_stress_tolerance. (Diakses, 9 Agustus 2019).
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ABSTRACT: It is important to recognize the role of natural enemies (predators) and botanical pesticides in agriculture. Excessive use of synthetic insecticides has caused resistance in many agricultural pests. This has prompt researchers to focus more on botanical extracts due to itssynergic compatibility with natural enemies such as predators and parasitoids. This study was done to determine the compatibility of Chili and Tobacco extracts against Diamondback moth (Plutella. xylostellaL.).P. xylostellais a very destructive pest at the cabbage farm of Papua New Guinea University of Natural Resources & Environment (PNG UNRE). Due to its resistance with synthetic insecticide Karate®, it is impossible to control it with any other chemical pesticides. Therefore, the two locally abundant plant extracts, chili and tobacco were investigated for their impact on P. xylostellaabundance. And also, the extracts were tested for their compatibility to predators, Red ant (Wasmaniaauropunctata) and......

Keywords: PlutellaxylostellaL.,predators, chili extract, tobacco extract, compatibility

[1]. Agelopoulos, N., Birkett, M.A., Hick, A.J., Hooper, A.M., Pickett, J.A., Pow, E.M., Smart, L.E., Smiley,D.W.M., Wadhams, L.J. & Woodcock, C.M. 1999. Exploiting semiochemicals in insect control. Pesticide Science, 55, 225–235.
[2]. Amoabeng, B. W., Gurr, G. M., Gitau, C. W., Nicol, H. I., Munyakazi, L. & Stevenson, P. C. 2013. Tri-Trophic Insecticidal Effects of African Plants against Cabbage Pests. PLOS ONE, 8, e78651.
[3]. Begna, F &Damtew, T. 2015. Evaluation of four botanical insecticides against Diamondback Moth, PlutellaXylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on head cabbage in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. Sky Journal of Agricultural Research, 4(5), 97 - 105
[4]. Begna, F. 2016. The Effect of Plant Extract for Managing Diamondback Moth, Plutellaxylostella L. (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on Head Cabbage in Ethiopia. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare, 5,72-80.
[5]. Gentz, M. C., Murdoch, G. & King, G. F. 2010. Tandem use of selective insecticides and natural enemies for effective, reduced-risk pest management. Biological Control, 52, 208-215..

ABSTRACT: Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on the perception of 20 randomly selected commercial poultry farmers about climate change in Borgu Local Government Area of Niger State. The study's aim was to identify the climate change parameters on egg production, determine the effect of climate changes on egg production; evaluate egg production trend since 10 years past and evaluate the severity of climate change on egg production while the hypothesis tested the significant relationship between climate change and egg production. Data collected were analyzed using frequencies counts and percentages. The relationships between climate parameter changes and egg productivity were established using correlation procedure of SPSS. Secondary data of climatic parameters from meteorological station of National Institute of Freshwater Fisheries Research, New-Bussa was also utilized for the study. Temperature (0C), relative humidity (%), rainfall (mm) and open pan evaporation (mm)......

Keywords: seasonal change, favourable season, laying birds, egg production, New-Bussa

[1]. Apata, O. M. (2006): Analysis of table egg production as a livelihood activity in Ekiti State, Journal of Agriculture and social Research. 6(2): 17 – 22.
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ABSTRACT: This study analyzed the gender role in the production of groundnut (Arachis Hypogea) in Ezeagu local government area of Enugu state, Nigeria. The Specific objective are; to describe the socio economic characteristics of the groundnut producers by gender, ascertain the roles played by the men and women towards the production of groundnut in the study area and to determine the socio economic characteristics of male and female farmers on the production of groundnut. Multistage random sampling was used to select one hundred and sixty groundnut farmers (80males and 80 females) as the sample for the study. Data were collected by means of two sets of structured questionnaire. Information was obtained on: age, marital status, household size, educational qualification, contact with extension agent, farming status etc. Frequencies and percentages were the main descriptive statistical......

Keywords: Role, Gender Participation, Groundnut Production

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ABSTRACT:Kojic acid is a kind of weak acid compound produced by aerobic fermentation by some strains of aspergillus using glucose, fructose, sorbitose and sugar alcohol and other raw materials.Kojic acid was widely used as a food additivefor preventing enzymatic browning. In this paper, we studiedthe preservation of tropical fruits papaya and wax applewith kojic acid. The kojic acid-treated papaya couldbe stored for 8～10d, which was prolonged 4～5d than the untreated. The same preservation effective exists when using kojic acid painted wax apple.In addition, results showed that kojic acid couldeffectivelyprevent banana juice from browning

Keywords: Kojic acid, Tropical fruits, Storage and preservation

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