IOSR-JAVS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-2 ~ FEB-2019

ABSTRACT: The ability of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) to improve plant growth is largely study but due to their large distribution across agro-ecolycals region in the world, more work still necessary to understand their functioning according to their origin, host plant and strain. Nursery experiments were conducted to study the response of Onion (Allium cepa L.) plant to the inoculation of five arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) from Cameroon and England. Onion plants grown in pots in sterilized soil/sand substrate were inoculated with Glomus hoï, Glomus clarum, Glomus intraradices, Glomus sp. and Gigaspora margarita provided by the Department of Biological Sciences........

Key Words: Functional diversity, Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi, Allium cepa, symbiosis.

[1]. Abbott, L.K., Robson, A.D. 1991. Field management of mycorrhizal fungi. In: Keister, D.L. and Cregan, P.B. (Eds). The rhizosphere and plant growth, Kluwer Acad. Pub., Dordrecht, Netherlands, pp 355-362.
[2]. Brundrett, M., 2002. Coevolution of roots and mycorrhizas of land plants. New Phytol. 154, 275–304.
[3]. Cavagnaro, T.R., Jackson, L.E., Six, J. Ferris, H. Goyal, S. Asami D., Scow, K.M. 2006. Arbuscular mycorrhizas, microbial communities, nutrient availability and soil aggregates in organic tomato production. Plant Soil, 282: 209–225
[4]. Dalpé, Y., Aiken, S., 1997. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with Festuca species in the Canadian high Arctic. Can. J. Bot. 72: 43-49.
[5]. Devani, M.B., Shihoo, J.C., Shall, S.A., Suhagia, B.N., 1989. Spectrophotometrical method for microdetermination of nitrogen in Kjeldahl digests. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 72 6: 953-956.

ABSTRACT: The present research work was conducted to compare the efficacy of estrus synchronization protocols i.e., Ovsynch and cosynch in kundhi buffaloheifers with reference to occurrence of estrus and conception rate. Thirty buffalo heifers were selected randomly at different farms of tando jam, Distt: Hyderabad. All the experimental heiferswere divided into two groups. Animals in Ovsynch group (n=15) received 02 ml Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 0 and day 9. On day 7, 05ml Prostaglandin (PGF2α) was administered and fixed timed artificial insemination (FTA) was performed at 12 hours after last injection of (GnRH). In Cosynch group animals (n=15) received same treatment but artificial insemination was performed at a time when last injection of (GnRH) was administered. Estrus response were showed significant difference (P<0.05) among the treatment..............

Keywords: Estrus synchronization, Estrus, Conception rate, buffalo heifers

[1]. Bilal MQ, Suleman M &Raziq A. 2006. Buffalo: Black gold of Pakistan Livestock research for rural development. 18(19).
[2]. Lamb GC, Dahlen CR, Larson JE, Maquezini G & Stevenson JS. 2010. Control of the estrous cycle to improve fertility for fixed-timed artificial insemination in beef cattle: A review. Journal Animal Sciences, 88:181–192.
[3]. Yusuf M, NakaoT,Yoshida C, Long ST, Fujita S, Inayoshi Y &Furuya Y (2010). Comparison in effect of Heatsynch with heat detection aids and CIDR- Heat synch in dairy heifers. Reproduction in Domestic Animals, 45: 500-504.
[4]. Ahmad S, Kumar H, Singh G &Patra MK (2011). The administration of GnRH plus PGF2 alpha synchronizes the estrus in anestrus crossbred cows exposed to bull urine. Indian Journal of Veterinary Research, 20: 42-45.
[5]. Caraba1 I &Velicevici S. 2013. Using Ovsynch Protocol versus Cosynch Protocol in Dairy Cows.Scientific Papers: Animal Science and Biotechnologies.46:2.

ABSTRACT: Maize stover and some of its morphological fractions were ensiled with or without urea or dried poultry litter (DPL) to determine their quality characteristics and acceptability by West African Dwarf (WAD) goats. Nine experimental silages were prepared and tagged T1 to T9. T1, T4 and T7 were ensiled without additive, T2, T5 and T8 were ensiled with urea while T3, T6 and T9 were ensiled with DPL. Each treatment group comprise whole stover, ear husk and leaf fraction respectively Quality characteristics of the silages were assessed after 30 days of ensiling. Acceptability trial was conducted using cafeteria feeding technique. The results showed that all the silages had good quality characteristics........

Keywords: Quality characteristics, Acceptability, Cafeteria feeding technique, Dry maize stover

[1]. Iyhege-Erakpotobor, G.T., Otchere, E.O., Tegbe, T.S.B, Jegede, J.O., and Abeke, F.O. (2002). A Review of Some Agro-industrial By-products in the Nutrition of Pigs. National Animal Research Institute, ABU, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria
[2]. Wendoh, B. (2012) How to Utilize Maize Stover as Animal Feed. Retrieved from www.livestockkenya.com/index.php/livestock-feeds
[3]. Dhuria, R.K, Sharma, T. and Purohit, G.R. (2011) Effect of densification of gram straw based complete feed on rumen and haemato-biochemical parameters in Magra lambs. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology 11: 133-141
[4]. Onaleye, K. J., Ayoade, J. A., Oloche, J., Okwori, A. I. (2018). Acceptability, Quality Characteristics and Chemical Composition of Maize Stovers Ensiled with or without Additives, Delta Agriculturist 10(1)
[5]. Babayemi, O.J. (2009). Silage Dry Matter Intake and Digestibility by West African Dwarf Sheep of Guinea Grass (Panicum maximum cv Ntchisi) Harvested at 4 and 12 Week Regrowths. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(16): 3988-3992..

ABSTRACT: Some physical and chemical properties of some upland and wetland soils of Rivers State Nigera were investigated to ascertain the effect of these soil forms on soil properties. 6 profile pits were sunk in Ogba/Egbema, Port Harcourt and Etche Local Government Areas of the State; each representing either an upland or a wetland soil. Samples collected from the various horizons were analyzed for selected soil properties. Results showed that the wetland soils had shallow water tables ranging from 46 to 60cm depth. The percentage of sand, organic matter, available P, total nitrogen, iron content and cation exchange capacity were higher in most locations and.......

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Keywords: Upland soil, Wetland soil, physical and chemical properties

[1]. Amel Idris O. A. and Ahmed, H.S. (2012): Phosphorus Sorption Capacity as a Guide for Phosphorus Availability of Selected Sudanese's Soil Series. In African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 20 Issue Supplement sl, pp. 59-65.
[2]. Assefa K. (1978). Effects of Humus on Water Retention Capacity of the Soil, and Its Role in Fight Against Desertification. M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Environmental Science, Helsinki University.
[3]. Ayolagha, G.A. and Onueghu, B.A. (2002). Soils of Rivers State andtheir uses in Land and People of Rivers State.
[4]. Beckwith, R. S. (1965) Sorbed Phosphate of Standard Supernatant Concentration as an Estimate of the Phosphate needs of soils. Australian journal of experimental agriculture and animal husbandry. 5; 52-58.
[5]. Bouycous, G. H. (1951). A Recalibration of the Hydrometer Method for Mechanical Analysis of Soils. Agron. J. 434-438.

ABSTRACT: Field experiment was conducted at Jaeger Blumberg farms Limited, (Latitude 060 59.033IN and Longitude 0030 28.048IE), Owode-egba, Ogun state, which lies within the tropical humid climatic zone of Nigeria. The study evaluated the effect of different Nitrogen levels (0kgN/ha, 150kgN/ha, 325kgN/ha and 500kgN/ha) on the growth, yield characters and yield of hybrid and open pollinated maize(Zea mays L.) varieties Samaz-38 (OPV), Sc-510, Sc-651 and Sc-719. Factorial combination of the treatments gave a total of 16 treatments which was laid in a Randomized Completed Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer was applied in 2-split doses first at 3weeks after sowing and the second dose was applied at the period of tasseling.Characters measured include, Number of leaves/plant, Plant height, Stem girth, Leaf area, Cob length, Number of grains/cob,.......

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Keywords: Open-Pollinated Maize, Hybrid variety, Fall Army Warm (FAW), Yield Characters, Interaction

[1]. Jéan du Plessis (2003). Maize production.Agricultural Information service and Department of Agriculture in cooperation with ARC-Grain Crops Institute. A publication of Department of Agriculture and obtainable from Resource Centre Directorate Agricultural Information Services. P 1.
[2]. FAO (2007). Fertilizer and the future. IFA/FAO Agriculture Conference on Global food security and the role of Sustainability Fertilization. Rome, Italy. 16th-20th March, 2003, pp 1-2.
[3]. Enujeke E. C. (2013). Effects of Variety and Spacing on Growth Characters of Hybrid Maize. Asian journal of agricultural and rural development 3(5): 296-310.
[4]. DIPA (2006). Handbook of Agriculture: facts and figures for farmers, students and all interested in farming. Directorate of Information and Publications of Agriculture. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, p. 435.
[5]. IITA. (2001). Improved Maize Varieties for Sustainable Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa (pp. 1-16). International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria..

ABSTRACT: Sustainability of chilling plants is based on active participation by its members. Despite government and non-governmental organizations' support of chilling plants in dairy organizations, some farmers are still reluctant to participate in dairy organizations, and some of the farmers who participate in small-scale chilling plants are not loyal and end up supplying their milk to middlemen and other traders. This study sought to model the dairy farmers' participation in small-scale milk chilling plants in Nandi County by computing the double hurdle regression model, where nine variables, both socio-economic and institutional factors, were hypothesized to influence the dairy farmer's participation......

[1]. Amul. (2010). Achievements of dairy cooperatives. Retrieved December 20, 2010, from AMUL: www.amul.com/achievementsdairycoop.html#top/june5/2010.
[2]. Awudu, A (2010). Choice of coordination mechanisms in the Kenya fresh milk supply chain. Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics Association,Vol. 31.
[3]. CowTime (2006) CowTime Quick Note 4.6. How effective is your plate cooler? Retrieved from www.cowtime.com.auEast Africa Dairy Development | TechnoServe - Business Solutions to Poverty.
[4]. Fulton, M. & K. Giannakas. 2007. "Agency and leadership in cooperatives." In K. Karantininis& J. Nilsson (eds.) Vertical Markets and Cooperative Hierarchies. Dordrecht: Springer, 93-113.
[5]. Gragg (Keelan et al., 2006). A double-hurdle model of Irish households‟ food service expenditure patterns..

ABSTRACT: A total of 145clinical and environmental sampleswere collected from(35pig, 30goat, 25sheep,40 rabbit and15drinking water sources) either apparently healthy or showed signs of diarrhea. The samples were cultured onto enriched and specific media (nutrient, blood and MacConkey agar and Aeromonas agar base with ampicillin) and identified biochemically. Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from apparent healthy, diarrheic animals and water sources with incidence of 24.2%, 25.6%, and 66.6% respectively. The impact of certain disinfectants; chlorine, formalin and virkon`S wasfulfilled using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The chlorine disinfectant was checkedat concentrations; 200, 1000, 5000 and 25000part per million in various times:5,10,15,30 minutes for each concentration. It was found that chlorine induced complete destruction at 200 ppm and 1000 ppm.......

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Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila- animal- water- verkon S- disinfectant

[1]. Pablos, M., J.M. Rodríguez-Calleja, J.A. Santos, A. Otero and M. J. García-López, 2009. Occurrence of motile Aeromonas in municipal drinking water and distribution of genes encoding virulence factors. Int. J. of Food Microbiol., 135: 158–164. PMID: 19720415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2009.08.020
[2]. Schlenker, C. and C.M. Surawicz, 2009. Emerging infections of the gastrointestinal tract. Best Pract. and Res. Clin. Gastroenterol., 23:89–99. PMID: 19258189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2008.11.014
[3]. Janda, J.M. and S.L. Abbott, 2010. The Genus Aeromonas: taxonomy, pathogenicity, and infection. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 23: 35–73. PMID: 20065325 PMCID: PMC2806660 DOI: 10.1128/CMR.00039-09.
[4]. Stratev, D. and O.A. Odeyemi, 2016. Antimicrobial resistance of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from different food sources: A mini-review. J. Infect. Public Health., 9(5):535-44. PMID: 26588876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2015.10.006
[5]. Mansour, A.M.A., H.M. Zaki, N.A. Hassan, N.A.M. El-Nashar, 2014. Phenotyping, virulence characteristics of Aeromonas species and the effects of essential plant oils as antimicrobial agents against pathogenic isolates from different sources. Am. J. Infect. Dis., 10 : 21–35.

ABSTRACT: Pesticides are the main choice for controlling pests, diseases and weeds because they directly kill the body of the disturber. Pesticides can quickly reduce pest populations so that widespread pests can be prevented. But the use of pesticides in horticultural farming efforts, especially for planting oranges, is not excessive in terms of species, composition, dosage, time and interval. Pesticide residues for organophosphate groups are still allowed in plants in predetermined concentrations, especially for vegetables of horticultural commodities the permissible residual concentration limits are 0.5 mg / kg. This study aims to determine the residual levels of organophosphatepesticides in citrus fruits in Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency. This study uses a descriptive survey method . The activity......

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Keywords: Oranges, Organophosphates, Pesticides

[1]. Alegantina, S .; Raini, M .; and Lastari, P., 2005. Research on Organophosphate Content in Tomatoes and Lettuce Circulating in Several Markets in DKI Jakarta . Media Health Research and Development. Vol XV (1): 44-49.
[2]. Hartini, Eko. 2014. Contamination of pesticide residues in citrus fruits (case studies on farmers in Penawangan sub-districts). Public Health Journal 10 (1) (2014) 96 - 102
[3]. Munarso SJ, Miskiyah, Broto W. 2006. Study of the Content of Pesticide Residues in Cabbage,
[4]. Tomatoes and Carrots in Malang and Cianjur. Postharvest Technology Bulletin Agriculture . 5: 27 - 32.
[5]. Narwanti, I .; Sugiharto, E .; and Anwar, C. 2012 Pyrethroid Pesticide Residents in Shallots in Srigading Village, Sanden District, Bantul Regency . Pharmaceutical Scientific Journal. Vol 2: 2: 199-128..

ABSTRACT: Horticulture has established its credibility in improving income through increased productivity, generating employment, enhancing exports and providing nutritional security to the people. It has played a significant role in improving the economic status of our farmers. Mizoram is suitable for growing a variety of horticultural crops and has made significant gains in the sector in the recent past. The gestation period of many horticulture crops are short and has the capability to provide quick returns to farmers. The sector has shown promise in alleviating the income of the farmers in Mizoram.

[1]. Bansil, P.C., (2008), Horticulture in India, CBS Publisher, New Delhi.
[2]. Chadha, K.L. (2006), Handbook of Horticulture, Directorate of Information and Publications of Agriculture, New Delhi.
[3]. Chadha, K.L., Singh, A.K., and Patel, V.B. (2010), Recent Initiatives in Horticulture, The Horticulture Society of India, New Delhi.
[4]. Prasad, S., and Kumar, U. (2008), Principles of Horticulture, Agrobios India, Jodhpur.
[5]. Horticultural Marketing, (2007), FAO Agricultural Services Bulletin 76..

ABSTRACT: This study discusses the sustainability of sunflower cultivation at farmer's level in a rice based cropping pattern of Patuakhali district. By simple random sampling 110 sunflower farmers were selected. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts. A pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. The data were analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean, standard deviation, correlation and regression analysis. The results of regression analysis show that variables training experience, innovativeness, and sunflower cultivation knowledge were accounted for 75.5 percent total variation in case of sustainability.

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Keywords: Sustainability, sunflower cultivation, cropping pattern

[1]. Terano, R., Mohamed, Z., Shamsudin, M. N., &Latif, I. A. (2015). Factors Influencing Intention to Adopt Sustainable Agriculture Practices among Paddy Farmers in Kada, Malaysia. Asian Journal of Agricultural Research, 9, 268-275.
[2]. Jadhav , V. S., Devendrappa, S., Bhatnagar, A., Huilgol, S., &Sahu, A. K. (2013). Adoption of sustainable agricultural practices by women farmers: International Journal of Farm Sciences, 3(1), 112-118.
[3]. Rezvanfar, A., Samiee, A., &Faham, E. (2009).Analysis of factors affecting adoption of sustainable soil conservation practices among wheat growers. World applied sciences journal ,6 (5), 644-651.s
[4]. Teklewold, H., Kassie, M., &Shiferaw, B. (2012). On the joint estimation of multiple adoption decisions.The case of sustainable agricultural technologies and practices in Ethiopia.
[5]. Thanh, N. V., and Yapwattanaphun, C. (2015). Banana Farmers Adoption of Sustainable Agriculture Practices in the Vietnam Uplands: the Case of Quang Tri Province. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia,5, 67 – 74...

ABSTRACT: This study assessed the technical efficiency of maize production in Rijau Local Government Area of Niger state, Nigeria using Stochastic Frontier Approach. A multi-stage sampling technique was used in selecting 120 maize farmers. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the socio-economic characteristics of farmers and to identify the constraints to maize production in the study area. The Cobb-Douglas functional form of the stochastic frontier model was used to determine the technical efficiency of the maize farmers and estimate the elasticity of output to factor inputs used in maize production. The results revealed that 65% of the respondents had formal education while 95.8% of the farmers owned farm size of between 1 and 5ha. The Maximum Likelihood Estimate of the stochastic.....

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Keywords: Technical Efficiency, Stochastic Frontier Approach, Elasticity of production

[1]. Abdulai, S., Paul K. Nkegbe and Samuel A. Domkoh (2013). Technical Efficiency of Maize Production in Northern Ghana. African Journal of Agricultural Research. Vol. 8 (43), pp. 5251 – 5259, 7 November, 2013.
[2]. Aminu, R. O., Ayinde, I. A. and Ibrahim, S. B. (2015). "Technical efficiency of maize production in Ogun State, Nigeria". Journal of Development and Agricultural Economics. Vol. 7(2), pp. 55-60, February, 2015.
[3]. Ahmed Musa H., Lemma Z., Endrias G. (2014). Technical Efficiency of Maize Producing Farmers in ArsiNegelle, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia: Stochastic Frontier Approach. Agriculture and Forestry, Vol. 60 Issue 1: 157 – 167, 2014, Podgorica.
[4]. Boundeth, S. Nanseki, T and Takeushi, S. (2012). Analysis on Technical Efficiency of Maize Farmers in the Northern Province of Laos. African Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 7(49), pp. 6579-6587, 27 December, 2012.
[5]. Battese G.E, (1992). Frontier Production Functions and Technical Efficiency: A Survey of Empirical Applications in Agricultural Economics. Agricultural Economics 7, pp. 185–208..

ABSTRACT: Carrot (Daucuscarota L.) is a winter vegetable cultivated for its edible roots throughout the world. Carrot contains moisture content in between 86 to 89%. Chemically, carrot contains 0.2% fat, 0.9% protein, 1.1% total ash, 1.2% crude fiber, 2.2mg/100g Fe, 10.6% carbohydrate, 80 mg/100 g Ca, and 53 mg/100 g P. The aim of this study was to evaluate carrot pulp effect on growth performance of broiler chicks. The experiment was conducted with six hundred unsexedbroiler Hubbard classic chicks to replace corn with carrot pulp in broiler's diet.Chicks were divided into four experimental units (pens) of 150 chicks,each with three replicates.Corn was replaced 3 and 5% with.....

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Keywords: feed consumption, feedconversion ratio, carrot pulp, broiler chicks

[1]. Ahmad, G. A. (2004). Simultaneous use of apple pomace and molasses as a source of energy for broiler. Indian Journal of Poultry Science,39(2), 179-181.
[2]. Chaudry MA, Badshan A, Bibi N, Zeb A, Ahmed T, Ali S, Termeulen U. (2004). Citrus waste in poultry rations. Arch Geflu¨gelk. 68: 206-210.
[3]. E. Rabayaa, J. M. Abo Omar and R. A. Othman. (2001). Utilization of olive pulp in broiler rations. An-Najah University J. Res., Vol. 15.
[4]. Fanimo AO, Oduguwa OO, Alade AA, Ogunnaike TO, Adesehinwa AK. (2003). Growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristic of growing rabbits fed cashew apple waste. Livestock Research in Rural Development, 15 (8): 15-23.
[5]. Ibrahim MR, El-Banna HM, Omara II, Suliman A. (2011). Evaluation of nutritive value of some citrus pulp as feedstuffs in rabbit diets. Pak J Nutr. 10: 667-674..

ABSTRACT: Plant inhabiting mites on major citrus cultivars from three districts in Maharashtra, India and their associated natural enemies were documented during spring, summer and autumn seasons through random surveys for five consecutive years. Six phytophagous mite species viz., Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein), Brevipalpus rugulosus Chaudhri, Akbar & Rasool, Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks), Schizotetranychus sp (Tetranychidae)., Eotetranychus sp. (Tetranychidae), Phyllocoptruta oleivora (Ashmead) (Eriophyidae) and five predators were recorded. P.latus was the dominant species on nursery seedlings; Eutetranychus orientalis and Brevipalpus rugulosus on.........

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Keywords: abiotic factors, predators, citrus, mites, species composition, incidence

[1]. Abou-Setta, M.M. and C.C. Childers.1989. Biology of Euseius mesembrinus (Acari: Phytoseiidae): life tables and feeding behavior on tetranychid mites on citrus. Enviro. Entomol. 18(4): 665-669.
[2]. Alvis, L.2003. Identificacio´n y abundancia de artro´podos depredadores en los cultivos de cı´tricos Valencianos. Ph.D thesis. Departamento de Ecosistemas Agroforestales. ETSIA. Universidad Polite´cnica de Valencia. [3]. Boudreaux, H.B.1963. Biological aspects of some phytophagous mites. Ann Rev Entomol 8(1): 137-154.
[4]. Calvo, F.J., A. Gimenez and J.A. Jacas.2003. Feltiella acarisuga: primeros resultados de eficacia sobre aran˜a roja en Espan˜a. Agricola Vergel 257: 220–225.
[5]. Chazeau, J.1985. Predaceous insects. In: Helle W, Sabelis MW (eds) World crop pests, Spider mites: their biology, natural enemies and control, vol 1B. Elsevier. Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp 211–246.

ABSTRACT: Oestrusovis is a dipterous insect of obligatoryparasitosis, a cosmopolitan larviparus belonging to the FamilyOestridae, which gives rise to severe cavitarymyiasis in grazing and stabled caprine and ovine that are bred in different parts of the world. It is considered a very well adapted parasite, difficult to eradicate, and one that affects the well-being and yield of the host, diminishing the profitability of caprine and ovine exploitation. This parasitosisalso affects other wild and domestic animals. The current status of caprine oestrosisin the Comarca Lagunerais unknown. Thus.....

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Keywords: Oestrusovis,Prevalence, Goats, Myiasis, Horned botfly

[1]. Dorchies P, Bergeaud JP, Tabouret G, Duranton C, Prevot F, Jacquiet P. Prevalence and larval burden of Oestrusovis (Linnaeus, 1761) in sheep and goats in northern Mediterranean region of France.Vet Parasitol2000;88(3-4):269-273.
[2]. Özdal N, Tanritanir P, Ilhan F, Değer S. The prevalence of ovine oestrosis (Oestrusovis Linnaeus, 1761, Diptera: Oestridae) and risk factors in Eastern Turkey. Vetarhiv2016; 86(3):323-333.
[3]. Bosly AH. Molecular identification studies on Oestrusovis L. (Diptera:Oestridae) larvae infested sheep in Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Indian J AnimRes2018; 52(1):105-110.
[4]. Gómez-Puerta LA, Alroy KA, Ticona DS, López-Urbina MT, Gónzález AE. A case of nasal myiasisdue to Oestrusovis (Diptera: Oestridae) in a llama (Lama glama). RevBrasParasitolVetJaboticabal2013;22(4):608-610.
[5]. El-Tahawy A.The prevalence of selected diseases and syndromes affecting Barki sheep with special emphasis on their economic impact.Small Ruminant Res2010;90:83-87...