IOSR-JAVS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2020

ABSTRACT: Chili (Capsicum annuum L.) is one of the crops that are important and widely cultivated in Indonesia. Limited superrior varieties of chili is still generally not able to increase productivity. Wide genetic variability of chili is needed as a basis for breeding of chili. The aim of the study was to improve morphologicalvariability from shoot derived seeds induced by Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS). This experiment was carried out in the tissue culture technology laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. Descriptive method was used in this experiment and repeated three times. Student's T-Test was applied to evaluate different samples between 0% EMS concentration with 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% EMS concentration in three chilli plantlets namely Unpad CB2, Unpad CK5 and Hot Beauty....

Keywords:Capsicum annuum, EMS, morphology, mutation, tissue culture.

[1]. Purseglove JW, Brown EG, Green CL, Robbins SRJ. Spices 1. London: Longman; 1979.
[2]. Poehlman JM. Breeding Field Crop. Wetsport. Connecticut: AVI Publishing, Inc; 1979.
[3]. Ahloowalia BS. Limitation to The Use of Somaclonal Variation in Crop Improvement. In: Semal J, ed. Somaclonal Variation and Crop Improvement. New York: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers; 1986:14-27.
[4]. Jabeen N, Mirza B. Ethyl Methane Sulfonate induces morphological mutations in Capsicum annuum. Int J Agric Biol. 2004;6(2):340-345.
[5]. Murashige T, Skoog F. A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol Plant. 1962;15(3):473-497.

ABSTRACT: Climate change is a very crucial factor all over the world. It takes places in high table and become a burning issue for the whole globe. Now-a-days it is seen that climate change makes alarms and warning for immense destruction and damage of the human life, properties, infrastructures, livestock, agricultural production, environment and earth's surface. This destruction has been happened by different types of natural
disaster and atmospheric negative changes.However, this paper tried to see the impacts of climate change on food systems. Generally, there are two objectives to prepare this paper. One of these is to know the reciprocal relationship between climate change crop production and another is to explore the impact of climate change on food security. This paper is qualitative in nature and secondary data also used.Climate change increases the temperature of surface and break......

Key Words: Agriculture, Climate change, Crop production, Food security, Temperature

[1]. Amthor J.S, 2001. Effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration on wheat yield. Field Crops Res. 73:1–34. Doi: 10.1016/S0378- 4290(01)00179-4
[2]. Available at-https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1569578/
[3]. Chillrud, Rebecca, 2016. FAO Report Describes Relationship between Climate Change and Food Security
[4]. FAO, 2016, Understanding the Link between Food Security and Climate Change
[5]. Fuhrer J.,2003Agroecosystem responses to combinations of elevated CO2, ozone and global climate change. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 97:1–20. Doi:10.1016/S0167-8809(03)00125-7

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with bovine Brucellosis in Mogadishu, Somalia. For this, 150 bovineswereselected from five different districts of Banadir
region based on the sex, age, breed and reproductive status and some question through the risk factors. The overall prevalence of bovine brucellosis of this study were 1(5.3%)out of 19 for male and 14(10.7%) out of 131
for female. The prevalence of age group between (6 month to 2 years) 2(6.7%) out of 30 were positive, >2-6 years of (13.6%) out of 66were positive and 6 above 4(7.4%)out of 54, were positive, in type of breed the
seropositive of enzootic breed were11(10.1%) while cross breed were 4(9.8%) positive and also breed could be classified into three kinds based......

Keywords: Risk factors, prevalence, brucellosis, bovine

[1]. African Development Bank (ADB). (2010). Regional Study on the Sustainable Livestock Development in the Greater Horn of Africa.
[2]. Andreani, E., Prosperi, S., Salim, A.H. and Arush, A.M. (1982) Serological and Bacteriological Investigation on Brucellosis in Domestic Ruminants of the Somali. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop. 35(4):329-33.
[3]. De AlencarMota, A.L.A., Ferreira, F., Ferreira Neto, J.S., Dias, R.A., Amaku, M., and Hildebrand Grisi-Filho, J.H. et al., (2016). Large-scale study of herd-level risk factors for bovine brucellosis in Brazil. Acta Tropica 164, 226–232
[4]. Gogoi, S.B., Hussain, P., Sarma, P.C., Gogoi, P. & Islam, M. (2017). Prevalence of brucellosis in goat in Assam, India. International Journal of Chemical Studies, 5(4): 1176-1179
[5]. Knips, V. (2004). Livestock Sector Report Horn of Africa. Review of the Livestock Sector in the Horn of Africa (IGAD countries). Rome, Italy: FAO.

ABSTRACT: Mycotoxins are toxins that produced from the fungi Aspergillus are concept to provoke cancer, aflatoxin tumour promoter was once used to browse PubMed's abstracts, thereby 44 papers have been fetched
.while 951 from key phrases aflatoxin cancer in which 20 only where selected. 57papers had been used as sources of information. \From observations of posted facts our readings revealed that aflatoxin may additionally affect greater than one part of the body both molecularly and pathogenically in human and animal. Here aflatoxicosis in poultry speed up immunosuppression and intolerance and disturb the metabolism at all.

[1]. Adekoya, I., Njobeh, P., Obadina, A., Landschoot, S., Audenaert, K., Okoth, S., . . . De Saeger, S. (2019). Investigation of the Metabolic Profile and Toxigenic Variability of Fungal Species Occurring in Fermented Foods and Beverage from Nigeria and South Africa Using UPLC-MS/MS. Toxins (Basel), 11(2). doi:10.3390/toxins11020085
[2]. Aupanun, S., Phuektes, P., Poapolathep, S., Alassane-Kpembi, I., Oswald, I. P., & Poapolathep, A. (2019). Individual and combined cytotoxicity of major trichothecenes type B, deoxynivalenol, nivalenol, and fusarenon-X on Jurkat human T cells. Toxicon, 160, 29- 37. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.02.006
[3]. Ben Taheur, F., Kouidhi, B., Al Qurashi, Y. M. A., Ben Salah-Abbes, J., & Chaieb, K. (2019). Review: Biotechnology of mycotoxins detoxification using microorganisms and enzymes. Toxicon, 160, 12-22. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.02.001
[4]. Bintvihok, A., & Kositcharoenkul, S. (2006). Effect of dietary calcium propionate on performance, hepatic enzyme activities and aflatoxin residues in broilers fed a diet containing low levels of aflatoxin B1. Toxicon, 47(1), 41-46. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2005.09.009
[5]. Bovard, D., Sandoz, A., Luettich, K., Frentzel, S., Iskandar, A., Marescotti, D., . . . Hoeng, J. (2018). A lung/liver-on-a-chip platform for acute and chronic toxicity studies. Lab Chip, 18(24), 3814-3829. doi:10.1039/c8lc01029c

ABSTRACT: Dayak onions are a variety of biological plants that canbe used as a natural medicine by some Indonesian people. The use of liquid organic fertilizer is one way to overcome the lack of nutrients in plants.
Green Liquid Organic Tonic Fertilizer is useful for stimulating and accelerating plant growth. Cutting the tip of the seed tuber aims to grow the bulbs evenly and can stimulate the growth of shoots, and accelerate the
growth of plants. The study was hold from November 2018 to March 2019. The research location was in Sebakung Taka Village, Longkali District, Paser Regency. This study aims to analyze the effect of interactions
between various concentrations of green tonic POC and tuber cutting rates as well as a single factor of various concentrations of green tonic POC...

Key words: Dayak Onions, POC Green Tonic, Cutting Tubers

[1]. Aprianto, Lahay R. R dan Irsal, 2017. Pengaruh Curah Hujan dan Hari Hujan Terhadap Produksi TanamanTembakau (Nicotiana tabacum L.) di Kebun Klumpang PT. Perkebunan Nusantara II, J Agrifor, Volume XIII Nomor 2.
[2]. Arif Safrudin dan Wachid A. 2015. Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Cair dan Pemotongan Umbi Bibit Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Bawang Merah (Aliumascalonicum L.), Jurusan Agroekoteknologi e-J. Agrotekbis 3 (4 ).
[3]. Fatmawaty A.A, Ritawati S, Said L.N, 2015. Pengaruh Pemotongan Umbi dan Pemberian Beberapa Dosis Pupuk NPK Majemuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascolanicum L.).Agrologia.
[4]. Galingging, R.Y. 2009.Bawang Dayak (Eleuthere falmifolia). Sebagai Tanaman Obat Multi fungsi. Warta Penelitian dan Pengembangan. (Online). https://kalteng. litbang. pertanian.go. id/ind/index.php/publikasi-mainmenu-47-
47/artikel/120-bawang-dayakvisit at may 2019
[5]. Jumini, Sufyati Y dan Fajri N, 2010. Pengaruh Pemotongan Umbi Bibit dan Jenis Pupuk Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Bawang Merah. Jurusan Agroteknologi, J. Floratek 5.

ABSTRACT: The effect of protease enzymes supplementation in the diet of meat-type ducks were determined on the production performance and carcass yield from 1-12 weeks of age. In a completely randomized design involving three replicate pens of ten ducklings assigned to each of five treatments. All diets were corn–soybean meal based. T1: Positive control (NRC recommendations), T2: Negative control 1 (reduction of 4% CP and 4% digestible amino acid: Lysine, M+C, Threonine, Arginine), T3: Negative Control 2 (reduction of 4% CP and 4% digestible amino acid: Lysine, M+C, Threonine but not reduction on Arginine), T4: Negative control 1 (NC1) + 200 g protease/MT and T5: Negative control 2+ 200 g protease/MT diet. The protease inclusion increased body weight (BW) and body weight gain significantly (P<0.05) compared with the negative control group at 12 weeks of age. Moreover, the....

Key words: Protease enzyme, production performance, carcass yields, meat-type ducks

[1]. Arumbackam VE, AB Mandal , PK Tyagi, PK Tyagi, S Toppo and TS Johri (2004)Effects of enzymes in diets with varying energy levels on growth and egg production performance of Japanese quail. Journal of Science of Food Agriculture, 84:2028–2034.
[2]. Awad AL, MAA Hussein and AM Abbas (2007)Effect of supplementing copper sulfate on productive performance and carcass traits of Pekin ducks: 1- Growth performance. Egypt poultry Science, 27:1223 – 1238.
[3]. Banerjee GC (1992) Poultry, 3rd Edn. Oxford and IBH Publishing Co Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, 105-108.
[4]. Bhat MK and GP Hazlewood (2001) Enzymology and othercharacteristics of cellulases and xylanases. Pages 11–60 in Enzymes in Farm Animal Nutrition. M. R. Bedford and G.G. Partridge,ed. CABI Publishing, New York, NY.
[5]. De Coca-Sinova A, DG Valencia, E Jimez-Moreno, R Lazaro and GG Mateos (2008) Apparent ileal digestibility of energy,nitrogen, and amino acids of soybean meals of different origin in broilers. Poultry Science 87:2613–2623.

ABSTRACT: Forests play a major role in fodder resource production. However, few studies have determined the role of forest reserve in fodder resource production in West Africa Sahel region. Therefore, this study
determined the productivity and pastoral values of the Baban Rafi forest reserve. Data on the livestock and the forage quality of the species were collected during the pastoral survey. Those on herbaceous and woody species were collected based on a phytosociological survey carried out in 105 plots of 1000 m² (50 m x 20 m) each. The herbaceous biomass was evaluated by the full harvest method in 1 m² yield squares. The study of woody species of great pastoral interest was made based on the allometric biomass modeling developed and available in the Sahel. A total of 182 species have......

Key words: productivity, pastoral value, forage balance, Baban Rafi Forest, Niger

[1]. Niger, 2013. L'élevage et les conditions de vie des ménages au Niger. Une analyse descriptive de l'enquête sur les conditions de vie des ménages et l'agriculture. Ministère de l'élevage : Niamey.
[2]. Institut Nationale de la Statistique (INS), 2018. Le Niger en chiffres 2018. INS, Niger, 88p.
[3]. Institut Nationale de la Statistique (INS), 2016. Le Niger en chiffres 2016. INS, Niger, 84p.
[4]. Ministère de Développement Agricole (MDA), 2008 : Recensement général de l'agriculture et du cheptel (RGAC), période
[5]. Habou A Z, Boubacar MK, Adam T. 2016. Les systèmes de productions agricoles du Niger face au changement climatique : défis et perspectives. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci., 10(3): 1262-1272. DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ijbcs.v10i3.28.

ABSTRACT: Cabbage production in Karo District has experienced fluctuations that have tended to decline over the past five years, while export demand has tended to increase. This study aims to analyze the effect of cabbage production variables in Karo District, domestic prices (Karo, Indonesia), international prices (Malaysia), exchange rate (rupiah to ringgit), Indonesian GDP, and Malaysian GDP on cabbage export volumes in Karo District in 2008;Q1-2017;Q4 with using multiple linear regression analysis methods through the SPSS 15.0 Program. The results of the analysis show that cabbage production variable has a positive and significant effect on the volume of cabbage exports in Karo District to Malaysia, domestic prices have a negative and significant effect on the volume of cabbage exports in Karo District......

Key words: Cabbage Production, Domestic Prices, International Prices, Exchange Rate, GDP

[1]. Apridar. 2009. Ekonomi Internasional: Sejarah, Teori, Konsep dan Permasalahan dalam Aplikasinya. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.
[2]. Nicholson, W. 2002. Mikroekonomi Intermediate dan Aplikasinya. Edisi Kedelapan. Jakarta: Erlangga.
[3]. Nopirin. 2008. Ekonomi Moneter. Buku II. Edisi ke 1. Cetakan Kesepuluh. Yogyakarta: BPFE UGM.
[4]. Sinuhaji, 2012. Analisis Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Tukar Petani di Desa Sei Mencirim, Kec.Sunggal, Kab.Deli. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara.
[5]. Soekartawi. 2010. Analisis Usahatani. Jakarta: UI Press.

ABSTRACT: Formulation of coatings have been carried out to obtain slow-release NPK granules by double coating technique using cheap and environmentally friendly coating and solvent materials, polystyrene (PS) and biodegradable polymer polycaprolactone (PCL) using ethyl acetate solvent at a pilot scale production stage. PS, a non- biodegradable polymer was mixed with PCL biopolymers to obtain the suitable characteristics of biodegradable to form pores. PS - PCL bioblends have good compatibility with NPK granules that can reduce the release of nutrients from fertilizers. Results showed that the release rate of double-coating NPK granules obtained was slower than the non-coated NPK granules and single-coating NPK granules as well. The release of active substances in distilled water media after 48 hours from un-coated, single coated, and double coated NPK granules were 84.56, 25.02, and 21.05 %, respectively. The slow-release double-coating NPK granules using bioblends PS/PCL was fulfilled the criteria as a slow-release fertilizer product.

Key words: NPK granules, fertilizer, bioblends, polystyrene, polycaprolactone.

[1]. Al-Shamaileh, E., Al-Rawajfeh, A. E. and Alrbaihat, M., 2018. 'Mechanochemical Synthesis of Slow-release Fertilizers: A Review', The Open Agriculture Journal, 12(1), pp. 11–19.
[2]. BPOM, 2008. 'Info POM', Kemasan Polistirena Foam (Styrofoam), 9(5), pp. 1–12. BPOM: Jakarta.
[3]. Cong, Z., Yazhen, S., Changwen, D., Jianmin, Z., Huoyan, W. and Xiaoqin, C. (2010) 'Evaluation of waterborne coating for controlled-release fertilizer using Wurster fluidized bed', Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 49(20), pp. 9644–9647.
[4]. Godoy, A. and Cole, J., C., 2000. 'Phosphorus source affects phosphorus leaching and growth of containerized Spirea', HortScience, 35(7), pp. 1249–1252.
[5]. Mohamed, A., Gordon, S. H. and Biresaw, G., 2007. 'PCL /PS bioblends characterized by thermogravimetry, modulated differential scanning calorimetry and infrared photoacoustic spectroscopy', Polymer Degradation and Stability, 92(7), pp. 1177–1185.

ABSTRACT: In today's modern business world, demanding the role of marketing strategies that can support the progress of a business, the progress of the business will be determined by the success of the business marketing activities, because marketing activities are business activities that are directly related to the wider community. This study aims to analyze the effect of marketing mix strategy on consumer decision to choose modern berastagi supermarket in buying plums in Medan. This type of research is causal associative research. This research was conducted at Modern Brastagi Supermarket, Medan. This research was conducted from August to November 2018. Respondents in this study were 96 respondents. Data collection methods are secondary and primary using questionnaires. The results of this study are product, price, location and promotion have a positive and significant effect on consumer decision to choose modern berastagi supermarket in buying plums in Medan......

Key words: Marketing Mix Strategy, Product, Price, Location, Promotion, Consumer Decision.

[1]. Aaker, David A. 1997. Manajemen Ekuitas Merek: Memanfaatkan Nilai Dari Suatu Merek. Alih Bahasa Aris Ananda. Jakarta: Mitra Utama.
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