IOSR-JAVS VOLUME-19 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2026

ABSTRACT: Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a significant postoperative complication in veterinary practice, leading to delayed recovery, increased morbidity, and higher treatment costs. Understanding the factors that predispose veterinary patients to SSIs is essential for enhancing surgical standards, optimizing postoperative care, and promoting judicious antimicrobial use. Objective: To evaluate perioperative surgical practices and their association to SSIs in veterinary patients in Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 83 veterinarians across Kenya using a structured questionnaire. Data on surgical practices, perioperative care, occurrence of SSIs, and antibiotic usage were collected. Statistical analysis......

Keywords: Perioperative; practices; Veterinarian; Surgical site infection; Veterinary patients.

[1]. Espinel-Rupérez J, Martín-Ríos MD, Salazar V, Baquero-Artigao MR, Sanz-Rodríguez C, Incidence Of Surgical Site Infection In Dogs Undergoing Soft Tissue Surgery: Risk Factors And Economic Impact. Veterinary Record Open. 2019; 6(1): E000233.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1136/Vetreco-2017-000233
[2]. Eugster S, Schawalder P, Gaschen F, Boerlin P, A Prospective Study Of Postoperative Surgical Site Infections In Dogs And Cats. Veterinary Surgery. 2004; 33(5): 542-550. DOI: Https://Www.Doi.Org/10.1111/J.1532-950x.2004.04076.X
[3]. Weese JS, A Review Of Postoperative Infections In Veterinary Orthopaedic Surgery. Veterinary Comparative Orthopedics And Traumatology 2008; 21: 99–105. Https://Doi.Org/10.3415/Vcot-07-11-0105
[4]. Nelson LL, Surgical Site Infections In Small Animal Surgery. Veterinary Clinics Of North America: Small Animal Practice. 2011; 41(5): 1041–1056. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Cvsm.2011.05.010
[5]. Burgess BA, Prevention And Surveillance Of Surgical Infections: A Review. Veterinary Surgery. 2019; 48(3): 284–290.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/Vsu.13176

ABSTRACT: Background: Spermatozoa sexing is the process of separating X and Y spermatozoa to produce male or female livestock according to production objectives. The aim of this research is to produce offspring of a specific sex in accordance with breeding objectives. Background: The research materials were Boer buck semen collected using an artificial vagina. The ejaculate was evaluated.....

Keywords: Boer goat; ratio; sexing; sperm; swim-up

[1]. Afiati F., 2004. Proporsi Dan Karakteristik Spermatozoa X Dan Y Hasil Separasi Kolom Albumin. Media Peternakan, 27(1): 16-20.
[2]. Amano K., M. Unagami, A. Ito, Y. Fukuda, S. Oigawa, M. Sekigucho, R. Hayashi, Y. Katagiri, K. Ichizawa, M. Furui, Y. Tamaki, M. Nakata, Y. Tokuda, K. Naraoka, Y. Hayashi, And K. Nagao, 2023. Swim-Up Method Is Superior To Density Gradient Centrifugationfor Preserving Sperm DNA Integrity During Sperm Processing. Reprod Med Biol., 23: 1-6.
[3]. Ariantie O.S., T. L. Yusuf, D. Sajuthi Dan R.I. Arifiantini, 2014. Kualitas Semen Cair Kambing Peranakan Etawah Dalam Modifikasi Pengencer Tris Dengan Trehalosa Dan Rafinosa (The Quality Of Etawah Crossbreed Buck Liquid Semen In Modified Tris Diluents With Trehalose And Raffinose). Jurnal Veteriner, 15(1): 11 – 22.
[4]. Arisandi F.D., N. Humaidah Dan Sumartono, 2023. Tingkat Keberhasilan Inseminasi Buatan Pada Berbagai Bangsa Kambing Dan Domba (Article Review). Jurnal Dinamika Rekasatwa, 6(1): 219 – 223.

ABSTRACT: This research paper presents an analytical study of the distressing Socio Economic conditions, agrarian challenges, and the impact of escalating indebtedness on farming households in the tribal-dominated Sarguja division of Chhattisgarh. Geographically characterized by steep slopes, plateaus, and thin soil layers, the Sarguja division poses severe topographical constraints for sustainable agriculture. This study is entirely based on primary data collected through a structured interview schedule via multi stage random sampling from 500 farming households across five districts of the division.....

Keywords: Socio Economic status, Agrarian challenges, Indebtedness, Tribal farmers, Sarguja division, Crop productivity, Livelihood crisis.

[1]. Agriculture Statistical Table (2021). Agriculture Statistical Table 2021. Commission of Land Record, Government of Chhattisgarh. http://revenue.cg.nic.in/Docs/agriculturaltable2021
[2]. Directorate of Census Operations (2011). District Census Handbook: Surguja Series 23 Part XII-A. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.
[3]. Government of Chhattisgarh (2025). Economic Survey of Chhattisgarh 2024-25. Department of Planning, Economics and Statistics.
[4]. Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare (2018). All India Agriculture Census 2015-16: Core operational holding index. Department of Agriculture, Cooperation & Farmers Welfare, Government of India.
[5]. Nag, P. (2007). State Atlas of the Chhattisgarh 2007. National Atlas & Thematic Mapping Organization, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.