IOSR-JAVS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-1 ~ JAN-2016

ABSTRACT: Trichoderma spp. has potential value to uses as biological control agent against Rhizoctonia solani, a potential diseases agent which are able to decrease rice productivity. The study of the effectiveness of Trichoderma spp. against Rhizoctonia solani in South Kalimantan is important to increase rice productivity, especially in tidal swamp field. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Trichoderma spp isolates from tidal swamp field against Rhizoctonia solani. Result of the study shows that Trichoderma spp. isolates from tidal swamp field was suspected as Trichoderma harzianum.

[1]. MW. Rosegrant and PL. Pingali, Policy and technology for rice productivity growth in Asia, Journal of International Development, 6(6), 1994, 665-688. [2].

[2] N. Van Nguyen and A. Ferrero, Meeting the challenges of global rice production, Paddy and Water Environment, 4(1), 2006, 1-9.

[3]. B. Giddings, B. Hopwood and G. O'brien, Environment, economy and society: fitting them together into sustainable development. Sustainable development, 10(4), 2002, 187-196.

[4]. E. Lichtfouse, M. Navarrete, P. Debaeke, V. Souchère, C. Alberola, and J. Menassieu, Agronomy for sustainable agriculture: a review. In Lichtfouse. Sustainable Agriculture (Springer Netherlands, 2009) pp. 1-7.

[5]. PJA. Withers and PM. Haygarth, Agriculture, phosphorus and eutrophication: a European perspective. Soil Use and Management, 23(s1), 2007, 1-4.

[6]. M. Kogan, Ecological theory and integrated pest management practice (John Wiley & Sons, 1986).

[7]. RF. Norris, EP. Caswell-Chen, and M. Kogan, Concepts in integrated pest management (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2003).

ABSTRACT: Agricultural Extension can offer a sustainable exit from overwhelming poverty in many developing countries. With the aim of assessment of public and private extension services in Bangladesh, this study purposefully considers nine organizations three from each public, private and non-government origin. This study used qualitative methods like focus group discussion, key informant interviews, informal interviews, relevant literature review, etc., for collecting data. Strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was also conducted to see the SWOTs of different extension services.

[1]. Agrico ANZDEC. 2004. Agribusiness Development in Bangladesh. Final Report for the Agribusiness Development Project GOB/ADB TA 4139-BAN. Dhaka.
[2]. ASIRP. 2003. Agricultural extension in Bangladesh: an entitlement of all farmers? The results of national extension coverage survey. Available online at http://www.lcgbangladesh.org/Agriculture/reports/The%20Results...
[3]. Birkhaeuser, D., R. E. Evenson and G. Feder. 1991. The economic impact of agricultural extension: a review. Economic Development and Cultural Change. 39: 607-650.
[4]. Birner, R., A. R. Quisumbing and N. Ahmed. 2010. Cross-cutting issues: governance and gender. Bangladesh Food Security Investment Forum, 26–27 May, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[5]. BSGDMA .2007. Bangladesh seed industry at a glance. Bangladesh Seed Growers, Dealer and Merchants Association, Asian Seed Congress, 6-10 November, Manila, Philippines.

ABSTRACT: This study was carryout to determinethe strategies for improving the productivity of rural women participating in agriculture through Extension in Bauchi local government area of Bauchi state, Nigeria. Three objectives were formulated to guide the study. A survey research design was adopted for the study. Eighty (80) respondents were randomly selected as the sample and data was collected using structured questionnaires. The data wasanalysed using simple descriptive statistics. The findingsrevealed that majority of rural women participating in agriculture are in their youthful and productive age, which indicate that they can participate in agricultural practices..

[1]. Adisa, B. O. (2013). An Assessment of Participation of Rural Women in Community Based Development Activities (CBDAS) in Osun State, Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa. 15(7): 1-11.
[2]. Adisa, B. O. and Akinkunmi, J. A. (2012).Assessing Participation of Women in Poultry Production as a Sustainable Livelihood Choice in Oyo State, Nigeria. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences. 2(2): 73-84. Available online at www.ijpaes.com

ABSTRACT: The objective of the study is to find the prevalence of staphylococcus from raw meat samples in Southern Assam. In the present study 65 raw meat samples (chicken and goat) were collected from various regions in and around Southern Assam. Out of 65 samples analyzed 30 samples 17 from chicken and 13 from goat were positive for Staphylococci with the prevalence rate of 48.57% from Chicken and 43.33% from goat. Staphylococcal isolates were found variably resistant to the antibiotics tested. 80% of the isolates were positive for at least one of the antibiotics used in this study. The isolates showed maximum resistance for penicillin (73.33%) which is followed by Erythromycin(36.66%) Tetracyclin(26.66%) Oxacillin(23.33%) Ciprofloxacin (16.66%) Chloramphenicol(10%) Vancomycin(3.33%). The high prevalence of antibiotic resistant staphylococcal isolates found in raw meat samples in this study becomes a major health concern for the butchers as well as consumers.

Key words: Antibiotics, staphylococci, vancomycin,

[1]. Y.L. Loir, F. Baron, and M. Gautier, Staphylococcus aureus and food poisoning. Genetics and Molecular Research, 2(1), 2003, 63-76.
[2]. N. Balaban, and A. Rasooly, Staphylococcal enterotoxins. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 61, 2000, 1-10.
[3]. L.M. Presscott, J.P. Harley, and D.A. Klein, Text risk of book of Microbiology. Brown Publishers. 5th ed. 2002, 441-442.
[4]. M.S. Bergdoll, Enterotoxins. Staphylococci and Staphylococcal Infections (Easman, C.S.F. and Adlam, C.,eds.). Academic Press, London, UK: 1983, 559-598.
[5]. N. Bunnoeng, M. Themphachana, T. Pewleang, S. Kongpheng, K. Singkhamanan, P. Saengsuwan, and P. Sukhumungoon, High prevalence and molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from retailed meats, south Thailand. International Food Research Journal, 21(2): 569-576.
[6]. K. Mohame, Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in poultry meat in Qena, Egypt. Veterinary World, 2013, 2231-0916.

ABSTRACT: Myiasis is the condition where larvae of certain fly species use living hosts as a food source for their growth and development. The study reports results of a retrospective study on the incidence of myiasis among dairy animals in Punjab, India. A total of 470 larval samples were collected from the affected dairy animals from the different districts of Punjab. The Old World Screwworm (OWS) fly- Chrysomya bezziana was found to be the predominating fly species involved in onset of myiasis among dairy animals as the maggots of this fly were encountered in the wounds of 94.2% of animals. Besides, two other species Musca domestica and Sarcophaga ruficornis were also found infesting the wounds of 3.8% and 1.9% animals respectively. The overall infestation rate was high in summer followed by spring and autumn and least in winter. The most frequently infested body regions were the fractured horn, perianal region, tail base, neck among males and vulvar lips, hooves, fractured horn, neck among females. Neglected open wounds, faecal staining, posterior paralysis and ignorance among farmers were found to be the key predisposing factors for onset of myiasis in dairy animals.

Key Words: Myiasis, Parasitosis, Dairy Animals, Dipteran Larva.

[1] F. Zumpt, Myiasis in Man and Animals in the old world. (Butterworths, London,1965) [2] M. Hall and R. Wall, Myiasis in humans and domestic animals, Advances in Parasitology, 35, 1995, 257-312. [3] J. D. Humphery, J. P. Spradbery, and R. S. Tozer, Chrysomya bezziana; Pathology of Old World Screw-worm Fly Infestation in cattle, Experimental Parasitology. 49, 1980, 381-397. [4] V. H. Guerrini, Ammonia toxicity and alkalosis in sheep infested by Lucilia cuprina larvae, International Journal of Parasitology, 18, 1988, 79-81. [5] H. J. Schnur, D. Zivotofsky, and A. Wilamowski, Myiasis in domestic animals in Israel, Veterinary Parasitology, 161, 2009, 352-355. [6] Anon, Screw-worm fly. Possible prevention and eradication policies for Australia. (Australian Bureau of Animal Health, Canberra, 1979). [7] A. M. Alahmad, Myiasis in sheep farms in Riyadh region, Saudi Arabia, Journal of Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 34(1), 2004, 153-160.

ABSTRACT: The present work aimed at bringing about the effective changes in design/performance of earlier designed power tiller operated Multicrop Seed cum Fertilizer drill. The metering mechanismhas been modified by using nylon roller suitable for multiple and easy to use. The hitch system was designed to make it compatible with Mitsubishi as well National Power Tiller. A shoe type furrow opener was also designed to work the machine in poorly prepared land also. The working performance of the machine during idle run was satisfactory. The fluctuation in the dog clutch assembly was observed which was quite acceptable.

[1]. Arora, M.C. (1969). Effect of seed and opening of seed metering device on seed delivery rate and damage of seed. Unpublished Thesis, M.Sc. Agricultural Engg. Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Allahabad
[2]. Devnani, R. S. (1982a), Seed cum Fertilizer Drill cum Planter (For Punjab), Agricultural Engineering Today, 6(4) : 33-35
[3]. Devnani, R.S. (1982b), Jyoti Planter for Tamilnadu, Agricultural Engineering Today, 6(4) : 36-38
[4]. Salokhe, V.M. and Sandge, R.P. (1984), Development of special hitch for Power Tiller, Agricultural Engineering Today, 8(2) : 23-26
[5]. Mandal, T.C. and Ojha, T.P.(1986), Manually operated four row seed drill forrow seeds. Agricultural Engineering Today, 10(4) :4-6
[6]. Srivastava, N.S.L. and Dubey, A.K. (1986). Naveen Three Row Animal drawn Seed cum Fertilizer Drill for Black Soil, XXXV (6) : 33-35

ABSTRACT: Pleurotus sajor-caju Cultivation on 5 different saw dust substrates such as- Mango tree(Mangifera indica,T2),Mahagony tree (Swietenia mahagoni,T3),jackfruit tree(Artocarpus heterophyllus,T4),Teak tree(Tectona grandis,T5)Rain Tree (Albizia saman, T6) and mixture of all five tree sawdust (T1) supplemented with 30% wheat bran and 1% lime as basal substrates were investigated. The effects of these saw dust substrates on comparative growth,yield performance and proximate composition of Pleurotus sajor-caju were analyzed.The highest mycelium running rate (0.77 cm/day) and the lowest time from primordial initiation to harvest (3.26days), were obtained in T2.,

[1] V. P. Mane, S. S. Patil, A. A. Syed, M. M. V. Baig, Bioconversion of low quality lignocellulosic agricultural waste into edible protein by Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer. Journal of Zhejiang University of Science, 8(10), 2007, 745-751. [2] Moni, K. H., Ramabardan, R. and Eswaran, A. (2004). Studies on some physiological, cultural and post harvest aspects of Oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus (Berk). Trop. Agril. Res., 12: 360-374. [3] L. Pathmashini, V. Arulnandh, R. S. W. Wijerathan, Efficancy of different spawn types on sawdust media (Tropical Agricultural research and Extension, 2008) 11. [4] Patil, M.B. and Jadhav, V.T. (1999). Studies on productivity of oyster mushroom on different agro-wastes under Marathwada condition. J. Maharashtra Agril. Univ., 24: (2) 162-163. [5] D.K.Bhattacharjya, R.K.Paul, M.N.Miah and K.U.Ahmed (2014). Effect of Different Saw Dust Substrates on the Growth and Yield of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) e-ISSN: 2319-2380, p-ISSN: 2319-2372.Volume 7, Issue 2 Ver. III (Mar-Apr. 2014), PP 38-46.

ABSTRACT: To Know The Microbiological Quality Of Singori After Storage We Examined The Samples At 5 Days Intervals. The Hardness, Adhesiveness, Guminess, Chewiness And Cohesiveness Of Any Stored Singori Was Remained Significantly Unchanged Throughout The Study Period. However, The Colour, Flavor, Body Texture And Overall Acceptability Of Both Kind Of Stored Singori Significantly (P≤0.5) Changed On 10th Day Onwards. We Recorded The Totasl Solids, Moisture Content, Fat And Protein And Tyrocine, Of Singori Samples Significantly (P≤0.5) Different On 15th Day Onwards, But Ph, Acidity, Soluble Nitrogen Free Fatty Acid, Proteolitic Activity And Lipolytic Activity Of Singori Samples Significantly (P≤0.5) Changed On 10th Day Onwards.,

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