Volume-4 ~ Issue-1 ~ jan. – Feb. 2018

Abstract: This research was conducted to examine comparison between hardwood and softwood components. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin are major constituents for both hardwood and softwood. Depending on these constituents wood's application varies. In this study we examined 10 important wood samples (5 are hardwoods & 5 are softwoods) which are mostly available in Bangladesh. The wood samples were tested in some standard chemical methods, whose samples were dewaxed and depectinised, then the lignin content was measured (mainly using H2SO4). After the removal of the lignin, two other mains components α-cellulose and hemicelluloses were measured. The average components values are 40-50% cellulose, 15-40% hemicelluloses and 18-25% lignin for hardwoods. On the other hand, the average components values are 40-45% cellulose, 24-37% hemicellulose and 25-30% lignin for softwoods.According to their lingo-cellulosic contents they can convert into various useful products. Also by these constituents of hardwood and softwood they may be useful for same or different purposes.

Key words: Softwood, Hardwood, Cellulose, Hemicellulose and Lignin.

Abstract: This study examines the seasonal variation and asses surface water quality of Sundarbans Mangrove Forest in Bangladesh. The statistical analysis ANOVA was used to explore the seasonal variations among three seasons.Water quality and seasonal variation were assessing by measured twelve physico-chemical parameters like Temperature, EC (Electrical Conductivity), pH, Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Salinity, Total Alkalinity, Total Acidity, Free dissolved CO2, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen demand (COD). The values most of the water quality parameters indicate that the sundarbans aquatic habitat is at suitable range for aquatic species but have a little concern about Salinity values. During study timelow level of BOD and COD value indicates that the organic waste pollution was insignificant in the Sundarbans water. The statistical analysis ANOVA shows a significant seasonal variation among three seasons at 0.01 levels of significance.

Key words: Seasonal Variation, Water Quality, Habitat, Aquatic Biodiversity and Sundarbans Mangrove Forest..

Abstract: Every research paper includes a method section. It is one of the most easily written section and still accounts for 30% of rejection rate (1).This paper aims to facilitate the writing of the method section by providing threemodels namely Matrix approach ,Pyramid approach ,Concept map/brain map and last but with a condensed and comprehensive account into all ten components of method via text and a Master flowchart and a brief illustrative view of methodology. Also to make the nature of writing easy and to facilitate a tailored approach that goes from general to specific ,a multiple number of questionnaires have been provided with a special emphasis on biomedical researchto tailor the need of a wide number of disciplines and subdisciplines of biomedical sciences and provide a quick checklist.

Key words: Research, method, methodology, shortcomings , models, biomedical research

Abstract: This research conducted to find out the capabilities of endophytic bacteria isolate from root of red betel plants (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) in inhibiting the growth of bacteria Streptococcus aureus, escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Streptococcus mutans, and to identify the endophytic potensial bacteria. this research was devide into 3 stages, endophytic bacteria isolation, antibacterial test, biochemical test and molecular identification upon the potensial endophytic bacteria. It was found 2 isolates from root of the red betel plants; only One (1) isolat can be inhibition S. aureus and E. coli. Based on 16S rRNA molecular identification, isolates of endophytic bacterial of red betel root which have inhibitory effect are closely related to Bacillus pumilus strain AUEC29.

Key words: Root, Red Betel, Isolation, inhibition, molecular test of 16S rRNA

Abstract: Milk clotting enzyme is commercially known as Rennet which is composed of Rennin and Pepsin. It plays a vital role in Cheese making with good flavor and fine texture. The use of cheaper substrates instead of synthetic medium such as glucose, sucrose, etc will result lower cost of the final product. Approximately half of the cheese whey produced worldwide is discarded without treatment. The utilization of the whey to valuable bio products is the best way to avoid the dairy waste pollution. Penicillium camemberti, a fungal culture was used for the production of milk clotting enzyme by using whey as a substrate in this study. Penicillium camemberti has the ability to produce a high milk clotting enzyme in submerged fermentation.

Key words: Milk clotting enzyme, Rennin, Proteolytic activity. Response surface methodology.

Abstract: The qualitative phytochemical, mineral and components of essential oil of the leaves of A. muricata were analysed. The qualitative phytochemical analysis showed the presence of Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Carbohydrate, Tannins, Steroids, Terpenoids, Cardiac glycoside, Saponin, Carboxylic acid, Aldehyde/ketone and Phenols. The mineral analysis using Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) showed the presence of Magnesium, potassium, calcium, sodium, Phosphorus, zinc, copper, manganese, chromium and iron. The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil revealed thirteen different compound; Heptadecane, Methyl tetradecanoate, Octadecane, Nonadecane, Hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester, Eicosane, Methyl 10-trans,12-cis-octadecadienoate, 9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester, (Z,Z,Z), Phytol, Methyl stearate, Octadecane,2,6,10,14-tetra methyl, Tricosane and Phthalic acid, di(oct-3-yl) ester.

Key words: Phytochemicals, Minerals, GC-MS analysis and Essential Oil.

Abstract: A study had been carried out to evaluating degradation ability of cellulosic substrates by bacteria isolated from earthworm. Bacteria were isolated by hungate selective media with Carboxy Methyl Cellulose/CMC as selective substrates. The potency of cellulolytic was identified based on degradation of cellulosic substrates measurement using clear/diffusion zone diameters and cellulase (endoglucanase and exoglucanase) enzyme activities. This study showed that cellulolytic bacteria isolated from earthworm coded EB1CL has produce highest clear/diffusion zone diameters on CMC and rice bran substrates and with highest endoglucanase enzyme activity, while bacteria isolate coded EB8CL has produce highest clear/diffusion zone diameters on avicel and rice straw substrates and with highest exoglucanase enzyme activity. was concluded that bacteria isolates coded EB1CL and EB8CL was potential as cellulosic substrates degrader. bacteria isolates.

Key words: Cellulolytic Bacteria, Earthworm, Clear Zone Diameters, cellulosic Substrates.

Abstract: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by the presence of chronic hyperglycemia accompanied by greater or lesser impairment in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins resulting from insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the correlation of glycosylated hemoglobin levels with fasting and postprandial glucose in type 2 diabetic patients attending Mahavir institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS) – hospital, (Central Laboratory) Vikarabad, Telangana State, India. Method: A Retrospective observational study was undertaken at MIMS after obtaining clearance from the Institutional Ethical Committee. A simple random sampling technique was adopted, over a period of six months. Data was collected on the Subjects attended the different............

Key words: Fasting blood sugar (FBS), Glucose, Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), Postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), Glycemic control,