iosr-JDMS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2016

Abstract: Obesity is a global phenomenon that increases morbidity and reduces life expectancy. There has been an increase in the prevalence of obesity (1). With current trend of increasing obesity, it is expected that over 1 billion individuals will be obese by 2030 worldwide (2). In India the prevalence of obesity ranges from 10-50%, in the 21stcentury, morbid obesity affecting 5% of the country's population. The overall prevalence of obesity was 6.8% (7.8 vs. 6.2%) and overweight 33.5% (35.0 vs. 32.0%) among women and men, respectively (3). The highest prevalence of obesity (7.8%) and overweight (36.9%) was found among subjects aged 35-44 years in both sexes (3).

[1] World Health Organization: Obesity: Preventing and Managing the global epidemic. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 1997.
[2] Kelly T, Yang W, Chen CS, Reynolds K, He J. Global burden of obesity in 2005 and projections to 2030. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008; 32:14311437.
[3] Kalra S, Unnikrishnan AG. Obesity in India: The weight of the nation. Journal of Medical Nutrition and Nutraceuticals, 2012; 1: 37-41.
[4] Mohan V, Deepa R. Obesity and abdominal obesity in Asian Indians. Indian J Medical Res 2006; 123: 593596
[5] Consenso Latino Americano de Obesidade Rio de Janeiro, 10 de out. 1998.Disponível em URL: www.abeso.org.br/pdf/consenso.pdf [2007 dez 15].

Abstract:Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) Is Modified White Light with Narrow Band of 415nm and 540nm Frequencies, Producing Blue And Green Light Band Respectively. These Frequencies Are Strongly Absorbed By Haemoglobin. Narrow Band Blue Light (415nm) Penetrates Mucosal Layer And Displays Superficial Capillary Networks, While Narrow Band Green Light(540nm) Penetrates Deeper Submucosally And Displays Sub-Epithelial Vessels.(1)Changes In Capillary Papillary Network In Laryngeal Mucosa And Submucosa Due To Malignancy Are Detected Early By NBI Endoscopy. NBI Along With High Definition Television Camera (HDTV) Improves Its Efficacy Significantly

[1] Watanabe A, Taniguchi M, Tsujie H, Hosokawa M, Fujita M, Sasaki S. The Value Of Narrow Band Imaging For Early Detection Of Laryngeal Cancer. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.2009;266:1017–1023.
[2] M.Muto,K.Minashi,T.Yano,Y.Saito,Et.Al.Early Detection Of Superficial Squamous Cell Carcinoma In The Head And Neck Region And Esophagus By Narrow Band Imaging:A Multicenter Randomised Controlled Trial.JCO March 20,2010;28(9):1566-72.
[3] Piazza C, Cocco D, De Benedetto L, Del Bon F, Nicolai P, Peretti G.Narrow Band Imaging And High Definition Television In The Assessment Of Laryngeal Cancer: A Prospective Study On 279 Patients.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.Mar2010; 267(3):409-14.
[4] Ni X-G, He S, Xu Z-G, Et Al. Endoscopic Diagnosis Of Laryngeal Cancer And Precancerous Lesions By Narrow Band Imaging. The Journal Of Laryngology And Otology.2011;125(3):288–296.
[5] Bertino G, Cacciola S, Fernandes WB Jr, Fernandes CM, Occhini A, Tinelli C, Benazzo M. Effectiveness Of Narrow Band Imaging In The Detection Of Premalignant And Malignant Lesions Of The Larynx: Validation Of A New Endoscopic Clinical Classification. Head Neck. 2015 Feb;37(2):215-22.

Abstract: Background: Malnutrition among under five children is still a major problem in the 21st century in developing countries. The exsisting method of quantification of the same i.e. using weight for age underestimated the actual prevalence . Therefore Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF), proposed by Svedberg was used to quantify malnutrition......

Keywords : CIAF , Stunting index , Wasting index , Underweight index

[1]. K. Park Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 22nd edition, M/S Banarsidas Bhanot, Jabalpur.
[2]. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), 2005–06: India Volume I, Nutrition and Anaemia: 267-274)
[3]. World Health Organization. Physical Status: the Use and Interpretation of Anthropometry: Technical
Report Series; 1995: 854. World Health Organization, Geneva.
[4]. Svedberg P (2000). Poverty and Undernutrition: Theory, Measurement and Policy. Oxford India Paperbacks, New Delhi.
[5]. Nandy S M, Irving M, Gordon D, Subramanian SV & Davey Smith G. Poverty, child under nutrition and morbidity: New evidence from India: Bull World Health Organ 2005; 83:210–16.

Abstract: The inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle runs in the mandibular canal (inferior alveolar canal) which is covered by dense cortical bone. The mandibular canal is in close vicinityof the roots of the mandibular third molars and this relationship varies according to the depth of impaction of the third molars. The inferior alveolar nerve provides sensory innervation to the mandibular molars before it terminates in the incisive branch and mental branch. The inferior alveolar nerve is more commonly injured following fractures of the mandible, but it may also be involved by neoplastic conditions and odontogenic infections and iatrogenic causes

[1]. Gintaras Juodzbalys, Hom-Lay Wang, Gintautas Sabalys, AntanasSidlauskas, Pablo Galindo-Moreno, Inferior alveolar nerve injury
[2]. associated with implant surgery.Clin.Oral Impl. Res. 24,2013, 183–190.
[3]. Andrew B.G Tay, Inferior alveolar nerve injury in trauma-induced mandible fractures, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery September 2007Volume 65, Issue 9, Supplement, Page 40.
[4]. Tara Renton , Prevention of iatrogenic inferior alveolar nerve injuries in relation to dental procedures, Dent Update 2010; 37: 350–363.
[5]. Hanlie Engelbrecht ,ShabnumMeera, Jeff F. Kourie, Perineural infiltration of the inferior alveolar nerve in mandibular ameloblastomas,

Abstract: Littoral cell angioma (LCA) is a rare primary vascular tumor of spleen first described in 1991 Falk et al, arising from cuboidal, non-phagocytic cells lining the sinuses in the red pulp. These are usually benign and incidental but malignant nature has also been reported with congenital, immunological and other malignant associations. CT scan and USG abdomen may not differentiate from other vascular tumors of spleen so post-operative histology and immuno-histochemical studies are required to establish the diagnosis.......

Keywords: littoral cell angioma,vascular neoplasm,splenectomy.

[1]. Falk. Littoral Cell Angioma: A Novel Splenic Vascular Lesion Demonstrating Histiocytic Differentiation. 11, November 1991, American Journal of Surgical Pathology, Vol. 15. 1532-0979.
[2]. Chourmouzi, Danai. Littoral cell angioma, a rare cause of long standing anaemia: a case report. November 2009, Cases J, Vol. 2.
[3]. Fernandez A, Cook GW, Arber DA. Metastasizing splenic littoral cell hemangioendothelioma. Aug 2006, Am J Surg Pathol, Vol. 30(8).
[4]. Ben-Izhak O, Bejar J, Ben-Eliezer S, Vlodavsky E. Splenic littoral cell haemangioendothelioma: a new low-grade variant of malignant littoral cell tumour. Nov 2011, Histopathology, Vol. 39(5).
[5]. Hansen T, Habekost M, Flieger D, Kirkpatrick CJ. Littoral cell angioma of the spleen. Association with colon and hepatocellular carcinoma. july 2010, pathologe, Vol. 31, pp. 290-92.

Abstract: In many countries a teacher's job is often considered to be one of the most stressful professions. In India, teaching is regarded as a noble profession and teachers are accorded much respect. Even though there are multiple studies on stress experienced by teachers, only a few studies have been done so far to explore the depressive symptoms among teachers.......

Keywords:Teacher, Stress, Depression, BDI, TSI

[1]. Kapse M, Pathak A, Sharma S. Occupational stress among female teaching professionals and its effect on home environment at Indore city. Sugyaan, Management journal of Siva Sivani institute of management.2010 Jan-June; II(I):59-66. Journal article
[2]. Shankar BR, Saravanan B, Jacob KS. Explanatory models of common mental disorders among traditional healers and their patients in rural south India.Int J Soc Psychiatry 2006;52:221-33.Journal Article
[3]. Jong-wook L. Investing in mental health and substance dependence, Non-communicable diseases and mental health, World Health Organization; 2003. Chapter 4. The magnitude and burdens of mental disorders.p 8 book
[4]. Jurado D, Gurpegni M, Moreno O, Fernandez MC, Luna JD, Galvez R. Association of personality and work conditions with depressive symptoms. European Psychiatry 2005; 20:213-22. Journal article.
[5]. Patel V, Araya R, Lima M, Ludermier A, Todd C. Women, poverty and common mental disorders in four restructuring societies. Social science and Medicine(1982). 1999; 49(11):1461-71. Journal article.

Abstract: Aim: To analyze the clinical profile of patients in and around Mysore with leptospirosis using modified Faine's criteria Methods: All the suspected cases of leptospirosis (admitted with fever > 5 days) were subjected to screening test, ELISA. Only those patients who were serologically positive were used for analysis utilizing modified Faine's criteria [clinical (A) + epidemiological (B) + laboratory findings (C). A+B+C > 25 to diagnose leptospirosis........

Keywords: Leptospirosis, Faine's criteria, diagnosis, epidemiological risk factors

[1]. Karen V E, Jenifer C, Leptospira as an emerging pathogen: a review of its biology, pathogenesis and host immune responses, Future Microbiol. 5(9),2010, 1413–1425.
[2]. Shivakumar.S, Leptospirosis, Current scenario in India, J. Assoc Phys India, 18, 2008,799 – 809.
[3]. Shivakumar, S, Medicine Updates(www.apiindia.org,Ed:18,Chapter:106,799-809)
[4]. Sumana, M.N., Linda, R.J., Tabasum, B.M., Seroprevalence of Dengue and Leptospira co-infection in Mysore, Karnataka: A study in children at a tertiary care hospital, International Journal of Inventions in Pharmaceutical Sciences,2(3),2014,774-778.
[5]. Lumandas M Uy, Ong-Lim A L, Antoinette Gonzales M L, Validation of the Modified Faine's Criteria in the Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in Children Using the Microscopic Agglutination Test as the Gold Standard, Downloaded from www.pidsphil.org

Abstract: Acute osteomyelitis developing in a closed fracture is extremely rare. Only twenty six such cases have been reported in literature so far with most cases being associated with immunodeficiency or polytraumaalongwith a potential source of infection though none of them involved the humeral shaft. We report a case of acute osteomyelitis of shaft of humerus in an unpredisposed 50 year old male without any apparent source of infection following closed diaphyseal humeral fracture. Acute osteomyelitis was managed with antibiotics........

Keywords: Acute osteomyelitis in closed fracture, bony defects, gap nonunion, humerus,onlay fibular graft with plating

[1]. Waldvogel F, Medoff G, Swartz M. Treatment of osteomyelitis. N Engl J Med. 1970; 283(15): p. 822.
[2]. Waldvogel F, Medoff G, Swartz M. Osteomyelitis a review of clinical features,therapeutic considerations and unusual aspects. N Engl J Med. 1970; 282: p. 316-22.
[3]. Veranis N, Laliotis H, Vlachos E. Acute osteomyelitis complicating a closed radial fracture in a child. A case report. Acta Orthop Scand. 1992; 63: p. 341-42.
[4]. Labianca L, Montanaro A, Turturro F, Calderaro C, Ferrett A. Osteomyelitis Caused by Pantoea agglomerans in a Closed Fracture in a Child. Helio.com/Orthopaedics. 2013 February; 36(2): p. e253-6.
[5]. Allusio V, Scully SP. Acute Hematogenous Osteomyelitis of a Closed Fracture With Chronic Superinfection. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 1996; 325: p. 239-44.

Abstract: The Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is a global effort to implement practices that promote and support breastfeeding. This study was carried over a period of one year with the objective to assess the status of baby friendly practices in baby friendly certified hospitals and to compare the knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of nursing staff between baby friendly certified hospitals and baby friendly non certified hospitals. 400 and 300 mothers were taken from the postnatal wards of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Gauhati Medical College and Hospital (GMCH) and from Marwari Maternity Hospital(MMH) respectively both baby friendly hospitals........

[1]. Lyubov V. Abolyan, The breast feeding support and promotion in baby friendly maternity hospitals and not as yet baby friendly hospital in Russia,Breast feeding medicine2006 ,vol-1 ,no 2,71-78 .
[2]. Khanif R, Khalil E, Sheikh A, Harji A, Haris S, Rasheed MW, Ahmed S, Abdul Aziz K, Shaheen E, Younus A, Mansoor M, Hameed F, Touseef M, Yaseen T. Knowledge about breastfeeding in accordance with the national policy among doctors, paramedics and mothers in baby-friendly hospitals. J Pak Med Assoc 2010; 60(10):881 – 86.
[3]. Nigam Richa, Chandorkar RK, Bhagwat AK, Dixit Sanjay, Yesikar Veena, Sinha Umesh.Critical Appraisal of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiatives among the beneficiaries of Indore urban - A Comparative Study. Online Journal of Health and Allied Science. 2009;8(3):3
[4]. Dasgupta A, Bhattacharya S, Das S , Chowdhury K M, Saha S. Breast feeding practices in a teaching hospital of Calcutta before and after the adoption of BFHI (Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative). Journal ofthe Indian Medical Association 1997; Volume: 95, Issue: 6, Pages: 169-171, 195.
[5]. Kushwaha KP, Biochemistry and Immunology of Breastmilk in The Science of Infant Feeding, 2009,pp 36- 46.

Abstract: Introduction- Electric burn injuries represent a special type of lesion in which morbidity is very high. An electrical burn is a burn that results from electricity passing through the body causing rapid injury. Electrical burns differ from thermal or chemical burns in that they cause much more subdermal damage. They can exclusively cause surface damage, but more often tissues deeper underneath the skin have been severely damaged. As a result, electrical burns are difficult to accurately diagnose, and many people underestimate the severity of their burn. Aims And Objectives -1-To study clinical profile of electric burn in farmer patients 2-To study various preventive measure to avoid electric burns in farmers ,Role of fasciotomy and its timing benefits 3-To determine prognosis of electric burn in farmer patients in presence of complication.4- To evaluate incidence of morbidity and mortality .........

Kewords: Electric injuries,Farmer,Morbidity and mortality ,Prevention

[1]. Dirlik.M,GunB,Kallem Fc-Evalution of death cases connected to electric current in Audin Province western turkey ,Health saf 2015 Dec .63(12)546-50
[2]. Mukherjee B,Farroqui JM etal-Reterospective study of fatal electrocution in rural region of western maharastra,India .J.Forensic leq.Med.2015 may,321-3 doi 10.1016/5.2015.02.02 Epub 2015 feb 11
[3]. LunawatA,Datey .SM,Vishwani.R.Maheshawari T etal-Evaluation of quantam of disability as sequaelae of electric burn injuries.JclinDiagn.Res .2015 mar 9(3)10.7860/JCDR/2015/122435625 EPUB 2015 Mar-1
[4]. Aghakhani-K,Heidari .M,Tabatabaeesmetal-Effect of current pathway on mortality and morbidity in electric burn patients.Burn 2015 Feb,41(1)172-6,doi.10.1016/5.burn 2014.06-08.Epub 2014.jul 8
[5]. SaracogluA,kuzucuoglu T ,Yakupogluetal-Prognostic factor in electric burn ,a review of 101 patients. Burn 2014 jan 40(4)702-7 doi,10.1016/jburn.2013.08.023 Epub2013 sep.20

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of PRP in regeneration of bone in the defects of the oral and maxillofacial region. Materials and methods: A comparative randomized study including 40 patients with bony defects of various pathological origion in the maxillofacial region was carried out in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Patients were divided into two groups: group A received PRP and in group B PRP was not used. Postoperatively, the patients were monitored regularly by radiographs to evaluate new bone growth at 1st ,3rd and 6th month clinically and radiographically.........

Keywords: bony defects; platelet-rich plasma; platelets

[1]. Turvey FM. Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 2nd ed. St Louis, Missouri: The WBSaunders, Elsevier; pp. 501–510.

[2]. Marx RE, Carlson ER, Eichstaedt RM, Schimmele SR, Strauss JE, Georgeff KR. Platelet-rich plasma: growth factor enhancement
for bone grafts. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 85:638–646.
[3]. Gilberto S, Mariano T. Use of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in periodontal defect treatment after extraction of impacted
mandibular third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 63:766–770. 4.Gerard D, Carlson ER, Gotcher JE, Jacobs M. Effects of
platelet-rich plasma on the healing of autologous bone grafted mandibular defects in dogs. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64:443–45
[4]. Silva RV, Camilli JA, Bertran CA, Moreira NH. The use of hydroxyapatite and autogenous cancellous bone grafts to repair bone
defects in rats. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 34:178–184.
[5]. Kanno T, Takahashi T, Tsujisawa T, Ariyoshi W, Nishihara T. Platelet-rich plasma enhances human osteoblast-like cell
proliferation and differentiation. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2005; 63:362–369.

Abstract: Epilepsy is a common, noninfectious neurological disorder that is said to affect around 50 million people worldwide and 80% reside in developing countries. Epilepsy was estimated to account for 0.5% of the global burden of disease. It is estimated that there are more than 10 million persons with epilepsy in India. Its prevalence is about 1% in our population[1]. The prevalence is higher in the rural (1.9%) compared to urban population (0.6%)[2,3]. Knowledge, awareness and attitude in relation to epilepsy are better off in developed countries when compared with that of the developing countries.........

[1]. R Sridharan, BN Murthy. Prevalence and pattern of epilepsy in India. Epilepsia. 1999; 40:631–6.
[2]. M Leonardi, TB Ustun. The global burden of epilepsy. Epilepsia. 2002;43(Suppl 6):21–5.
[3]. K Pahl, HM de Boer. Geneva: WHO; 2005. Epilepsy and rights. Atlas: Epilepsy Care in the World; pp. 72–3
[4]. Deepak Goel, J. S. Dhanai, Alka Agarwal, V. Mehlotra, and V. Saxena. Knowledge, attitude and practice of epilepsy in Uttarakhand,
India. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2011 Apr-Jun; 14(2): 116–119
[5]. R. K. Sureka, Rohit Sureka. Knowledge, attitude, and practices with regard to epilepsy in rural north-west India. Ann Indian Acad
Neurol2007;10:160-4

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate and compare the ef f icacy and safety of Di f luprednate ophthalmic emul s ion 0.05% wi th Prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension 1%, admini s tered for managing inf lammat ion fol lowing cataract surgery. Study des ign: Single bl inded comparat ive study Study Period: 1 year Set t ing: As sam Medical Col lege & Hospi tal........

Keywords: Di f luprednate, Predni solone, Bes t corrected visual acui ty(BCVA) , smal l inci s ion cataract surgery(SICS) , poster ior chamber IOL(PCIOL)

[ 1 ] . Jaffe NS: El imin ation of contamin ation from ophthalmi csolutionfor in traocu larsurgery. Tran s Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolar yngol . 1970;74:406-416.
[ 2 ] . El-Harazi SM, Feldman RM. Controlof in tra-ocu lar in flammation associated with cataract surgery. Curr Op in Op hthalmo l.20 01 ;12:4–8
[ 3 ] . Koren feld MS, Silver stein SM, CookeDl . etal. Diflupred nate Op hthalmicEmulsion 0.05% for post-operative in flammation an dpa in-Journalofcataract and Refractivesurgery.2009 ; 35 :26-34 .
[ 4 ] . Abels on MB, Butrus S; Coticosteroids in ophthalmicpractice, in ed . Albert & Jakobiec ' s-Pr in ciples and Practices of ophth lmo logy-3rd edition .WB Saunde s . 2008;1:17:249
[ 5 ] . Fried lan der MH: Coticosteroid therapy of ocular in flammation . In tOphthalmolCl in . 1983; 23: 175 .

Abstract:Parapharyngeal tumours are rare tumours comprising about 1 % of all head and neck tumours. Different forms of tumour with difference in histology, extension and location may be present. Importance of these tumours lies mainly in 2 aspects A) difficulty in early diagnosis B) extreme complications while performing surgery in parapharyngeal space. Surgical resection by different approaches remain best treatment option. We describe the benefits of endoscopic assisted trans-oral approach for these tumours.

[1]. GOURIN CG. JOHNSON JT. Parapharyngeal space tumors.Accessed September 2011. Available from: URL:
http:/emedicine.medscape. com/article/849385-overview#a0102.
[2]. SUAREZ-FENTE V, LLORENTE- PENDAS JL, GOMEZ-MARTINEZ J, GARCIA-GONZALEZ LA, LOPEZ-ALVAREZ F,
SUAREZ NIETO C. ActaOtorrinolaringolEsp, 60 (2009) 19, DOI: 10.1016/S0001-6519(09)70313-9.
[3]. EISELE DE, NETTERVILLE JL, HOFFMAN HT, GANTZ BJ. Head Neck, 21 (1999) 154, DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-
0347(199903)21:2<154::AID-HED9>3.0. CO;2-W .
[4]. Lawson VG, LeLiever WC, Makerewich LA, et al. Unusual paraphayngeal lesions. J Otolaryngol 1979;8:241–9.
[5]. Rodríguez-Ciurana J, Rodado C, Sáez M, Bassas C. Giant parotid pleomorphic adenoma involving the parapharyngeal space: report
of a case. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2000 Oct;58(10):1184-7.

Abstract: Nutrients in dietsinteract and modulate molecular mechanismsunderlying an organism's physiological functions. The dietary intake of an individual has important long-term consequences for health, therefore, nutrition is an important factor that contribute to the development and progression of degenerative chronic diseases like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer.Epigenetics is the heritable changes in gene activities and expression that occur without changes in DNA sequence.........

Keywords: Epigenetics, Epigenetic processes, Diet, DNA methylation, Histone acetylation, disease susceptibility.

[1]. McKay, J. A. and Mathers, J. C. Diet induced epigenetic changes and their implications for healthA. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-
1716.2011.02278.x: Acta Physiologica 2011.
[2]. Bird, A. Nature, USA: 2007: 447, 396-98
[3]. Razin, A. EMBO, USA: EMBO J, 1998.
[4]. Payne, G., Laporte, A., Deber, R and Coyte, P. C. Counting backward to health care's future: using time-to-death modeling to
identify changes in end-of-life morbidity and the impact of aging on health care expenditures. The Milbank Quarterly: 2007; vol.
85, no. 2, pp. 213–257

Abstract: Background: Periodontal diseases are inflammatory disorders result in damaged periodontium caused by bacterial plaque can be classified into gingivitis and periodontitis. The inflammation of maxillary sinuses which is of at least 12 consecutive weeks duration is Maxillary Chronic Rhinosinusitis (MCRS). MCRS related bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae(H. influenza),Streptococcus pneumonia (S.pneumoniae), Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus), Moraxella catarrhalis (M.catarrhalis),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa) andStreptococcus pyogenes (S.pyogenes).........

Keywords: Periodontal diseases, Maxillary chronic rhinosinusitis related bacteria.

[1]. Darveau RP. Periodontitis: A Polymicrobial Disruption of Host Homeostasis. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2010; 8: 481–490.
[2]. American Academy of periodontology. Diabetes and periodontal disease, a two-way relationship. 2004; 60611-2690.
[3]. Armitage GC. Periodontal Diagnosis and Classification of Periodontal Diseases. Periodontol J 2004; 34: 9–21.(www.ivsl.org).
[4]. Carranza, Newman, Taki&Klokkevold. Carranza's Clinical Periodontology, 11th Edition, Elsevier, Saunders. 2012. (Chapter 4,p
41-42) & (chapter 27, p 305-308).
[5]. Palmer JN: Bacterial biofilms in chronic rhinosinusitis. Twenty years of endoscopic sinus surgery: its evolution and future
directions. Annals of Otology, Rhinology, & Laryngology. Kennedy DW. 2006; 115 (196): 35-39.

Abstract: Background: Evaluation of microleakage is important for assessing the success of new restorative materials and methods. Aim & Objectives: Comparative evaluation of microleakage in class II restorations using open sandwich technique with different intermediate materials . Materials and Methods: Standardized mesio-occlusal class II tooth preparations were prepared on 20 maxillary 1st premolars and samples were randomly divided into four groups for restorations. Group 1: restoration with composite resin, Group 2: restoration with Zirconomer, Group 3: open sandwich technique with RMGIC(resin modified Glass ionomer cement) at the gingival third with composite over it, and Group 4: open sandwich technique with Zirconomer at the gingival third with composite over it.........

[1]. Pallesen U, Qvist V. Composite resin fillings and inlays. An 11-year evaluation. Clin Oral Investig. 2003;7(2):71-9.
[2]. Alptekin T, Ozer F, Unlu N, Cobanoglu N, Blatz MB. Invitro Evaluations of Microleakage Around Class I Amalgam and
Composite Restorations. Operative Dentistry. 2010;35(6):641-48
[3]. Liebenberg W et al (2005). Return to the resin-modified glass-ionomer cement sandwich technique. Vol.71, no.10.
[4]. Mclean JW et al. The clinical development of the GIC II: Some clinical applications. Australian Dental Journal 1977;22:120-27.
[5]. Pereira LC, Nunes MC, Dibb RG, Powers JM, Roulet JF, Navarro MF. Mechanical properties and bond strength of glass-ionomer
cements. J Adhes Dent 2002; 4(1):73–80.

Abstract: To compare & evaluate three different types of irrigation system in removal of calcium hydroxide form the root canal system using 30 gauge blunt ended side vented needle, Endoactivator & Endovac. Materials and methodology: Total sixty freshly extracted human intact maxillary anteriors were collected& decoronated. Access was prepared & working length was determined using #10K file & all canals were prepared till Protaper F4 as MAF & 2.5% NaOCl was used for irrigation & dried with paper points........

Keywords: Ca(OH)2 removal, EndoVac, EndoActivator, Needle Irrigation, Sodium hypochlorite

[1]. Sevinc Aktemur Turker, Mustafa Murat Kocak, Sibel Kocak, Baran Can Saglam. Comparison of calcium hydroxide removal by
self-adjusting file, Endovac, and CanalBrush agitation techniques: An in vitro study. JCD 2013;16:439-43.
[2]. D. RICUCCIa & K. LANGELANDb. Incomplete calcium hydroxide removal from the root canal: a case report. International
Endodontic Journal 1997;30:418-21.
[3]. Semra Calt, Ahmet Serper. Dentinal Tubule Penetration of Root Canal Sealers after Root Canal Dressing with Calcium Hydroxide.
JOE 1999;25:431-33.
[4]. Plotino G, Pameijer CH, Grande NM, Somma F. Ultrasonics in endodontics: A review of the literature. JOE 2007;33:81-95.
[5]. Kuga MC, Tanomaru-Filho M, Faria G, So MV, Galletti T, Bavello JR. Calcium hydroxidfe intracal dressing removal with different
rotary instruments and irrigating solutions: A scanning electron microscopy study. Braz Dent J 2010;21:310-4.

Abstract: Introduction and objectives . It is known that not in all patients with left ventricular dysfunction develops heart failure, functional state of the patients and their hemodynamic profile can be very widely . The purpose of this study to examine the clinical and hemodynamic significance of right ventricle functions in patients with ischemic heart disease with dysfunction of left ventricular and chronic heart failure. Methods. The study included 46 patients with low contractile function of left ventricular - with less than 40% an
ejection fraction and symptoms of chronic heart failure.......

Keywords: chronic heart failure, ischemic heart disease, left ventricle, right ventricle, heart failure.

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CHF (second revision)//Heart failure. 2007. – T.8, No. 39. – Page 4-41.
[2]. Sidorenko B. A., Gorbachenkov A.A., Chronic heart failure//Manual Cardiology. Moscow, 2003. – Page 63 - 96.
[3]. Frederick A. Masoudi, MD, MSPH; Saif S. Rathore, MPH; Yongfei Wang, MS; Edward P. Havranek, MD; Jeptha P. Curtis, MD;
JoAnne Micale Foody, MD; Harlan M. Krumholz, MD. National patterns of use and effectiveness of angiotensin- converting
enzyme inhibitors in older patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction// Circulation. –2004. – Vol. 110 (6). –
P.724–731
[4]. Kutirina I.M., Livshchits N. L., V.A Rogov. Use of angiotensin-converting-enzyme in a chronic renal failure \\Therapeutic archive.
– 2002 – T.74, No. 6 – Page 34-39
[5]. Cowie MR, Wood DA, Coats AJ, Thompson SG, Suresh V, Poole-Wilson PA, Sutton GC.. Survival of patients with a new
diagnosis of heart failure: a population based study// Heart. -2000. – Vol.83 (5). – P.504-510.

Abstract:Root canal irrigants play a significant role in the elimination of microorganisms, tissue dissolution, and the removal of debris and smear layer. Sodium hypochloride is the most commonly used endodontic irrigant, despite limitations. None of the presently available root canal irrigants satisfy the requirements of ideal root canal irrigant. Newer root canal irrigants are studied for potential replacement of sodium hypochloride like biguanides. Based on the actions and interactions of biguanides, a clinical irrigating regimen
is proposed. Furthermore, some technical aspects of irrigating the root canal system are discussed, and recent trends are critically inspected.
Keywords: Alexidine, chlorhexidine, interactions, irrigants, antimicrobial activity, review.

[1] Orstavik D. Time-course and risk analyses of the development and healing of chronic apical periodontitis in man. Int Endod J
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Abstract: Background: Knowledge about the pattern of placental attachment is important for better perinatal outcome. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 placentas with umbilical cord were collected from the Department of Obstretrics and Gynaecology in the Government Rajaji Hospital, Madurai. The study was conducted in the Institute of Anatomy, Madurai Medical College, Madurai. The placentas with attached membrane with umbilical cord were collected immediately after delivery.........

Keywords: Placenta, umbilical cord.

[1] Asra A, Suseelamma D, Sarita S, Ramani T V, Nagajyothi D. Study of morphological variations of 50 placentae with umbi lical
cords and its developmental relevance. Int J Anat Res. 2015;3(3):1259-66.
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International Medical and Dental Research. 2016;2(1):110-12.
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of Medical and Dental Science. 2016; pg1-7.
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Abstract: Aim: To analyze chest radiographic patterns of different histopathologically confirmed cases of lung cancer. This current series is compared with historic published data. Design: Retrospective, using a tumor registry.We studied three hundred forty-five patients with newly diagnosed lung cancers presenting between October 1990 and August 1992. Methods: Radiographs were interpreted by two radiologists blinded to cell type. Our results were compared statistically to published data from Mayo Clinic patients in the 1950s and 1960s........

Keywords: Lung cancer, Chest CT, Histopathological reports, Statistics, Adenocarcinoma.

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