iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-12 ~ December-2019

Abstract: Introduction: Mindfulness is the psychological process of bringing one's attention to experiences occurring in the present moment. It contributes greatly to psychological well-being Mindfulness has been related to many positive outcomes, including healthy self-esteem. Self-esteem has been defined as the evaluation that an individual makesregarding him or herself, and reflects one's sense of individual competence and personal worth in dealing with life cAims: 1. To measure the level of mindfulness among the medical students. 2. To measure the level of self-esteem among the medical students. 3. To study the association between mindfulness and self-esteem among the medical students.........

Key Words: Self-esteem, Mindfulness.

[1]. Michael K. Rasmussen & Aileen M. Pidgeon (2011) The direct and indirect benefits of dispositional mindfulness on self-esteem and social anxiety, Anxiety, Stress, &Coping:An International Journal, 24:2, 227-233.
[2]. The Journal of Positive Psychology (2013): The positive effects of mindfulness on self-esteem, The Journal of Positive Psychology: Dedicated to furthering research and promoting good practice.
[3]. Walach, H., Buchheld, N., Buttenmuller, V., Kleinknecht, N., Schmidt, S. (2006). Measuring Mindfulness--The Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI). Personality and Individual Differences, 40, 1543-1555.
[4]. Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
[5]. Baer, R.A., Smith, G.T., Hopkins, J., Krietemeyer, J., & Toney, L. (2006). Using self-report assessment methods to explore facets of mindfulness. Assessment, 13,2745. doi:10.1177/10 73191105283504.

Abstract: Introduction: Purpose of the study was to find out the relation between pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PRVEP) which is a non-invasive, low-cost method highly capable of detecting functional abnormalities of visual system and vertical cup : disc ratio ( VCDR ) which is a simple and relatively strong index of glaucomatous loss of the neuroretinal rim. 33 known primary(both open and angle closure) glaucoma patients from the Glaucoma Clinic at Regional Institute of Ophthalmology( RIO ), Medical College Hospital, Kolkata undergone PRVEP testing following the guidelines of International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision( ISCEV) and optic discs evaluation using the Volk +90D Aspheric lens under Slit – lamp biomicroscope . Our statistically significant finding of strong negative correlation between VCDR and P100 amplitude of the PRVEP and a positive correlation between VCDR and P100 latency lead us to conclude that PRVEP is an effective objective measure of optic nerve function and strongly correlates with other established essential diagnostic parameters of glaucoma like VCDR.

Keywords: pattern reversal visual evoked potential (PRVEP), vertical cup : disc ratio ( VCDR ), glaucoma

[1]. Thomas R , Paul P , Rao GN et al. Present status of eye care in India. Survey Ophthalmology 2005 ; 50 : 85 – 101
[2]. Raychaudhuri A , Lahiri S K , Bandyopadhyay M et al. A population based survey of the prevalence and types of glaucoma in rural West Bengal : The West Bengal Glaucoma Study . British Journal of Ophthalmology 2005 ; 89: 1559 – 64
[3]. Goyal J L , Seetharam S , Arora R , Jain P . Electrophysiology in Glaucoma – A Review . Delhi Journal of Ophthalmology 2013 ; 23 : 245 – 49
[4]. Allingham RR, Damji KF, Shields MB (2011) Optic nerve, retina, and choroid. In: Allingham RR, Damji KF, Freedman S, Moroi SE, Rhee DJ, eds. Shields Textbook of Glaucoma. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins 51-81.
[5]. Kerrigan Baumrind L A, Quigley H A, Pease M E, et al. Number of ganglion cells in glaucoma eyes compared with threshold visual field tests in the same persons. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , 2000; 41: 741–748

Abstract: Background: Fractures of the distal third region of Tibia and fibula are commonly seen at our emergency and OPD, a tertiary care hospital and Medical College in West Bengal. Although closed, the skin condition overlying the fracture - sites are not usually good. At our hospital we managed these cases by minimal implantation, maintaining the leg length, by fibula fixation followed by long leg cast and supported weight bearing at 6 week with patella tendon bearing cast, followed by full weight bearing at 3 months......

Keyword: Distal tibia, Distal Fibula, fractures, reduction, fixation, leg length, plaster casting.

[1]. Court-Brown CM, McBirnie J, Wilson G. Adult ankle fractures: An increasing problem? Acta Orthop. 1998;69(1):43–7. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
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Abstract: Systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of unknown etiology with multi system involvement. The disease is commonly seen in females of reproductive age with exceptionally rare involvement in males. The exact reason for this gender difference is not known but it has been observed to show major systemic involvement with poor prognosis. Here we report three cases of SLE in men with major cutaneous manifestations with renal involvement and florid systemic manifestations. All the three men were young and below 25 years of age. Since no major renal symptoms were presented, the disease had been overlooked and already progressed with major renal affections.

Key Words: SLE, Autoimmune disorder, Male patients, Lupus nephritis.

[1]. Mok CC, Lau CS, Chanz TM, et al. Clinical characteristics and outcome of southern Chinesemales with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus. 1998;8:188–96.
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[4]. Tze Chin Tan, Hong Fang, Laurence S. Magder, and Michelle A. Petri. Differences between Male and Female Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Multiethnic Population. J Rheumatol . 2012 April ; 39(4): 759–769.
[5]. Josep Font, Ricard Cervera, Margarita Navarro, Lucio Pallares, Alfons Lopez-Soto, Josep Vivancos, Miguel Ingelmo. Systemic lupus erythematosus in men: clinical and immunological characteristics. Annals ofthe Rheumatic Diseases 1992; 51: 1050-1052

Abstract: Background: Extra-medullary hematopoeisis refers to the conditions associated with a variety of chronic diseases , where , due to excess demand for blood components causes expansion of hematopoeitic tissue outside the bone marrow(1) Besides common location of spleen , liver and lymph nodes , it can occur in the dura mater of the spin al cord , and may encroach upon the epidural space. We report a case of spinal cord compression due to spinal epidural extra-medullary hematopoeisis in a sixteen year old male patient. Case History: A sixteen year old male patient presented to us with complaints of bilateral lower limb weakness for two months.Weakness was gradual.........

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Abstract: Introduction: Post operative pain is an acute pain which starts with surgical trauma and usually ends with tissue healing. When the patient first wakes after surgery, the period of first 'fast' pain is over and the pain of which the patient initially becomes aware in the poorly localized 'second' pain. The pain is accompanied by manuoevers to try to ameliorate it and by autonomic disturbances, there is also a pain component which is not dependent solely on trauma but on the way the patient's perception of pain is influenced by social, cultural and psychologic factors.........

Key Words: ASA, pethidine, Tramadol, sedation

[1]. Atunkaya H, Ozer Y, Kargi E, Babuccu O. Comparison of local anaesthetic effects of tramadol with prilocaine for minor surgical procedures. Br J Anaesth. 2003;90:320–2.
[2]. Altunkaya H, Ozer Y, Kargi E, Ozkocak I, Hosnuter M, Demirel CB, et al. The postoperative Analgesic effet of tramadol when used as subcutaneous local Anesthetic. Anesth Analg. 2004;99:1461–4.
[3]. Langlois G, Estèbe JP, Gentili ME, Kerdilès L, Mouilleron P, Ecoffey C, et al. The addition of tramadol to lidocaine does not reduce tourniquet and postoperative pain during IV regional anesthesia. Can J Anaesth. 2002;49:165–8.
[4]. Pang WW, Huang PY, chang DP, Huang MH. The peripheral analgesic effect of tramadol in reducing propofol injection pain: A comparison with lidocaine. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 1999;24:246–9.
[5]. 14. Acalovschi I, Cristea T, Margarit S, Gavrus R. Tramadol added to lidocaine for intravenous regional anesthesia. Anesth Analg. 2001;92:209–14.

Abstract: Introduction: Acute colonic bleeding (or lower GI bleeding) defined as that occurring from the colon, rectum, or anus, and presenting as either hematochezia (bright red blood, clots or burgundy stools) or melena has an annual incidence of hospitalization of approximately 36/100,000 population, about half of that for upper GI bleeding. The rate of hospitalization is even higher in the elderly. Patients usually present with painless hematochezia and a decrease in hematocrit value, but without orthostasis. Materials and Methods: This comprehensive study was carried out on patients of lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to various diseases over a period of two years (2011 & 2012), in M.......

Key Words: Acute colonic bleeding, hematochezia, melena, colectomy

[1]. Talley NJ, Jones M. Self-reported rectal bleeding in a United States community: prevalence, risk factors, and health care seeking. Am J Gastroenterol. Nov 1998;93(11):2179-83.
[2]. Baum S, Nusbaum M, Blakemore WS, Finkelstein AK. The preoperative radiographic demonstration of intra-abdominal bleeding from undetermined sites by percutaneous selective celiac and superior
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[5]. Rösch J, Dotter CT, Brown MJ. Selective arterial embolization. A new method for control of acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Radiology. Feb 1972;102(2):303-6.

Abstract: Introduction Obesity is now seen in people of all ages and gender. Its associated co-morbidities have widespread effects on mortality risk. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of obesity and its associated primary co-morbidities among rural mission clinic out patients in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria, Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted between February and July, 2019. Consenting adults aged between 18 and 74 years were recruited consecutively, data were collected with a semi-structured, pre-tested and interviewer administered questionnaire. Respondents were measured for height, weight, waist and hip circumference. Body mass index (BMI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were calculated. Obesity was defined as BMI >30.0 kg/m2.......

Key Words: Obesity, primary co-morbidities, out-patients, rural mission hospital, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

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Abstract: Background: During scaling and root planing procedure aerosol production has been known as potent source of infection. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of three different mouthwashes containing Chlorhexidine, herbal extracts and essential oils by using them as preprocedural rinsing agent in reducing the bacterial load of the aerosol produced by ultrasonic scaler. Materials and Methods: 60 subjects, age and gender matched were randomly divided into four groups on the basis of agents used for preprocedural mouthrinsing - Group I: Distilled Water (Control), Group II: Chlorhexidine (CHX), Group III: Herbal extracts (HR) and Group IV: Essential Oils (EO). The aerosols were collected on three previously prepared and sterilised blood agar plates at three different positions in the operatory. The colony forming units were counted after incubating the plates for 48 hours........

Key Words: Aerosol, Chlorhexidene, essential oils, herbal extracts, mouthwash

[1]. Acharya S, Priya H, Purohit B, Bhat M. Aerosol contamination in a rural university dental clinic in South India. Int J Infect Control 2010;6:i1.
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Abstract: Acute appendicitis presenting as intestinal obstruction due to perforation leading to bowel paralysisis not a very rare incidence; whereas appendicular knot, adhesive band, perforated appendix causing bowel interloop abscesses etc. leading to mechanical obstruction are not something which is encountered very often. Here we are presenting a case of perforated appendix leading to para-appendiceal abscess which presented as subacute intestinal obstruction. A 23 years old male patient presented in Emergency Department as a case of subacute intestinal obstruction which was later diagnosed to be a case ofperforated appendix with appendicolith and abscess formed medial to the right psoas muscle with adhesion of distal ileum to the abscess wall. He underwent emergency exploratory laparotomy,adhesiolysis, drainage of abscess and appendicectomy.

[1]. Allard R.H. The thyroglossal cyst. Head and Neck Surgery.1982;5(2):134-46.
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Abstract: Introduction: Premature ejaculation(PE) is most common male sexual dysfunction. Several studies have shown correlation between PE and psychological problems like depression, stressand anxiety. In this study we aim to establish this hypothesis in population of western Rajasthan(India). Materials &methods:This study is a non-interventional, cross-sectional, self-reported based psychological investigation analysis that was carried out at Psychiatric OPD at District Hospital over a period of 9 months with 156 subjects. We applied DASS and BDI-II to measure the psychopathology. Results: The study shows 30% subjects were depressed,35% were anxious and 47% were stressed. Subjects between 20 to 30 year of age were significantly more depressed than other age group........

Key Words: Premature Ejaculation, Sexual Dysfuction,Anxiety,Depression,Stress.

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Abstract: Purpose: TO STUDY AND COMPARE THE INTRA-OPERATIVE AND LONG TERM POST-OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS WITH PENETRATING (TRABECULECTOMY) VS NON PENETRATING (DEEP SCLERECTOMY) GLAUCOMA SURGERY Methods:In this study, 35 eyes underwent trabeculectomy (group A)and 35 eyes underwent deep sclerectomy (group B). The unaided visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp examination to assess the anterior chamber depth, hyphaema, hypotony, blebitis, choroidal detachment, filtering bleb morphology and functioning, cystoid macular oedema, endophthalmitis etc. gonioscopy was performed, fundus evaluation using 78D/90D/20D indirect ophthalmoscopy , visual field examination, Applanation tonometry to evaluate the intra ocular pressure was performed at 1st day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 month, 6 month, 1 year and 7 year postoperatively.......

Key Words: IOP, Trabeculectomy, NPGS.

[1]. Quigley HA. Number of people with glaucoma worldwide. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80(5):389-393Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol 2006;90:262-7
[2]. Cairns JE : Trabeculectomy : preliminary report of a new method, Am J Ophthalmol 66:673, 1968
[3]. W. Wang, M. Zhou, W. Huang, and X. Zhang, "Ex-PRESS implantation versus trabeculectomy in uncontrolled glaucoma: a meta-analysis," PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 5, Article ID e63591, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar ·
[4]. Husain R, Clarke JC, Seah SK, Khaw PT (2005) A review of trabeculectomy in East Asian people–the influence of race. Eye (Lond) 19: 243–252
[5]. Palmer SS. Mitomycin as adjunct chemotherapy with trabeculectomy. Ophthalmology. 1991;98:317–321

Abstract: Purpose: The present study evaluated the amount of blood soaked by the throat packs in accordance to the medications given for preventing post-operative nausea and vomiting in patients during oral and maxillofacial surgical procedures under general anesthesia. Patients and Methods: The investigators designed and implemented a prospective study. 300 patients were selected and were divided into two groups in accordance to the amount of blood soaked by the throat pack during surgery........

Key Words: Antiemetic , Post-operative nausea and vomiting , PONV , Throat Pack

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Abstract: When compared to conventional restorative materials like Amalgam,GIC, Composite and MTA in market the new bioactive n biocompatible material known as Biodentine has been showing phenomenal clinical applications as a permanent bulk dentin deputy in restorative dentistry. Due to its good handling properties, short working time, mechanical properties and its interactions with both hard and soft tissues lead to a marginal sealing preventing marginal leakage biodentine has been overcome the drawbacks of other materials.MTA inspite of having many advantages its constraints cannot be overlooked. In a crispe it is able to act as a reliable alternative to dentin in both coronal and radicular portions of tooth

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Abstract: Attaividal(leech therapy) is one of the external therapy in Siddha system of medicine, in which medicinal leeches were used to treat various medical and surgical condition like, gouty arthritis, abscess, sprain, contusion, ulcers, skin diseases and other pitha diseases like veekkam(traumatic swelling), valiazhalkeelvaayu(rheumatoid arthritis)etc [1]. Leeches removes the blood from their host, and they release the substances like analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic, anaesthetic and anticoagulant from their saliva [2].Current treatment procedure for medial malleor bursitis is use of topicalapplication, NSAIDS (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), local anesthetics, drainage of the fluid from.......

Key Words: Attaividal, leech therapy, bursitis, Siddha, bloodletting

[1]. Dr.K.S.Uthamarayan,SiddharAruvai Maruthuvam,6th edition-2013
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Abstract: Purpose: TO STUDY AND COMPARE THE LONG TERM EFFICACY (INTRA OCULAR PRESSURE REDUCTION) WITH PENETRATING (TRABECULECTOMY) VS NON PENETRATING (DEEP SCLERECTOMY) GLAUCOMA SURGERY Methods: In this study, 35 eyes underwent trabeculectomy (group A)and 35 eyes underwent deep sclerectomy (group B). Applanation tonometry was performed at 1st day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 month, 6 month, 1 year and 7 years postoperatively. The variable included was the intra ocular pressure using goldmann applanation tonometer........

Key Words: IOP, Trabeculectomy, NPGS

[1]. Quigley HA. Number of people with glaucoma worldwide. Br J Ophthalmol. 1996;80(5):389-393Quigley HA, Broman AT. The number of people with glaucoma worldwide in 2010 and 2020. Br J Ophthalmol 2006;90:262-7
[2]. Cairns JE : Trabeculectomy : preliminary report of a new method, Am J Ophthalmol 66:673, 1968
[3]. W. Wang, M. Zhou, W. Huang, and X. Zhang, "Ex-PRESS implantation versus trabeculectomy in uncontrolled glaucoma: a meta-analysis," PLoS ONE, vol. 8, no. 5, Article ID e63591, 2013. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar ·
[4]. Husain R, Clarke JC, Seah SK, Khaw PT (2005) A review of trabeculectomy in East Asian people–the influence of race. Eye (Lond) 19: 243–252
[5]. Palmer SS. Mitomycin as adjunct chemotherapy with trabeculectomy. Ophthalmology. 1991;98:317–321