iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-8 ~ August-2019

Abstract: Introduction – it was a common observation in our setup that Diabetic Ketoacidosis patient mostly are T2DM. This study done in 77 admitted patients of DKA showed that DKA was a common occurrence with T2DM rather than with T1DM in Jharkhand. Objective – study the DKA patients admitted in medicine department RIMS with respect to type of DM. Methods - 77 diabetic ketoacidosis proven patients admitted in the medicine department of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences ,Ranchi were selected for the study. Patients were selected by simple random sampling. Results - Out of 77 cases in the.........

Keywords: DM 1 & 2, DKA, KPDM(ketosis prone DM)

[1]. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Kapur A, et al. Diabetes epidemiology study in India. High prevalence of diabetes and IGT in India : National Urban Diabetes Survey. Diabetologia 2001 ; 44 : 1094 – 101.
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[4]. "Diabetes can be controlled in 80 percent of Cases in India". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 6 February 2014
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Abstract: Aim: The study aimed to assess the pre-treatment and post-treatment dental components of orthodontically treated patients by using Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON). Material and Method: 100 dental study casts of both pre-treatment and post-treatment ranging the age from 13-25 years were selected from the record room of Department of Orthodontics, Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow. These 100 sets were further divided into 47 males and 53 females. All the datas were collected according to the ICON scoring system. Statistical Analysis: The datas were analyzed statistically using Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired t- test. Result: Results showed some of the malocclusion trait appeared more frequently in males than in females.Conclusion: It was concluded that the need of treatment was found more in males than in females.

Key Words: Index of Complexity Outcome and Need; Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need, Peer Assessment Rating.

[1]. Linklater RA, Fox NA. The long-term benefits of orthodontic treatment.Br Dent J. 2002; 192:583-7.
[2]. Shah N, Garg A, Batham PR, Virang B, Tiwari A, Verma N. Utility of PAR Index in Orthodontics: A Review. IOSR & Journal of Dent and Med Sci (IOSR-JDMS), vol. 17, no. 4, 2018, pp 71-75.
[3]. Shaw WC, Richmond S, O'Brien KD. The use of occlusal indices: A European perspective. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 1995;107:1-10.
[4]. Uçüncü N, Ertugay E. The use of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment need (IOTN) in a school population and referred population. J Orthod. 2001 Mar; 28(1):45-52.
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Abstract: The appendix is a normal true diverticulum of the cecum. Like any diverticulum, it is prone to acute and chronic inflammation, and acute appendicitis is a relatively common entity. Other lesions, including tumors, can also occur in the appendix but are far less common.(1) Acute appendicitis is most common in adolescents and young adults but may occur in any age group. The lifetime risk for appendicitis is 7%; males are affected slightly more often than females. Despite the prevalence of acute appendicitis, the diagnosis can be difficult to confirm preoperatively, and the condition may be confused with mesenteric lymphadenitis (often secondary to unrecognized Yersinia infection or viral enterocolitis), acute.........

[1]. Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th Edition by Vinay Kumar, MBBS, MD, FRCPath, Abul K. Abbas, MBBS and Jon C. Aster, MD, PhD
[2]. Gough IR. A study of diagnostic accuracy in suspected acute appendicitis. Aust N Z J Surg 1988; 58: 555-9
[3]. Fitz RH: Perforating inflammation of the vermiform appendix with special refernce to its early diagnosis and treatment. Trans. Assoc. Am. Physicians 1:107, 1886.
[4]. Ellis H: Appendix in Schwartz SI(ed): Maingot's Abdominal operation, 8th edition, vol2, Norwalk Conn Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1985:p-1255
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Abstract: Introduction: Snake envenomation is injury caused by venomous snake bite. Snake bite is a neglected public health issue in many tropical and subtropical countries. For monitoring of viper bite hemotoxicity and calculating dose of antivenom, 20-min whole blood clotting test (WBCT20) is used. Material & Methods: This was a prospective study done among all the patients with history of hemotoxic snake envenomation, admitted Government General Hospital, Guntur Medical College, Guntur, during 2018 to 2019 with history of snake bite. Bleeding was assessed using HEME (HEmorrhageMEasurement) bleeding assessment tool. Results: Study population had a mean age of 42.58 (range: 27-66) and male to female ratio was 3.85:1. Local symptoms occurred in all.......

Key Words: snake bite, whole blood clotting test, international normalized ratio, whole blood clotting test

[1]. World Health Organization. Strategic and Technical Advisory Group for Neglected Tropical Diseases: Report of tenth meeting,WHO, Geneva, 29–30 MARCH 2017.
[2]. Mukherjee AK. Green medicine as a harmonizing tool to antivenom therapy for the clinical management of snakebite: the road ahead. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2012 Jul;136(1):10.
[3]. Mehta SR, Sashindran VK. Clinical features and management of snake bite. Medical Journal Armed Forces India. 2002 Jul 1;58(3):247-9.
[4]. Lee RI WP. A clinical study of the coagulation time of blood. Am J Med Sci 1913;145:495-503.
[5]. Isbister GK, Maduwage K, Shahmy S, et al. Diagnostic 20-min whole blood clotting test in Russell's viper envenoming delays antivenom administration. Qjm 2013;106:925-32..

Abstract: This record based study was conducted to to assess the clinico-radiological outcome of fracture neck of humerus treated with closed reduction and external fixation. Demographic details, injury details, complications and outcomes of the patients as to restored range of motion were evaluated. Mean age of patients was 38 years with a SD of 15.26 years. 9 (45%) patients had an injury due to fall from a height while 11 (55%) patients got the injury due to a road traffic accident. 15 (75%) of the patients had 2-parts fracture and the rest 5 (25%) had 3-parts fracture. The difference in the percentage of complications between 2-parts and 3-parts fracture was statistically significant.(X2=10.06, p=0.002). This technique is a good alternative in polytrauma as the procedure is minimalyl invasive with equally good results in comparison with other modalities of treatment

Key Words: Fracture neck of femur, Closed reduction, external fixation

[1]. Handoll H.H., Gibson J.N., Madhok R., Interventions for treating proximal humeral fractures in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;4:CD000434.
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Abstract: Background: Bishops score is the widely accepted subjective scoring system of cervix prior to labour induction to predict its success. On the other hand, preinduction transvaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical length is being evaluated for its use in the prediction of successful induction of labour. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare modified Bishop's score and transvaginal ultrasound cervical length for prediction of success of induction of labour. Methods: This is a prospective comparative study of modified Bishop's score and transvaginal cervical length in 130 pregnant........

Key Words: Induction of labour, Bishops score, Transvaginal cervical length

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[2]. American college of obstetric and gynaecology induction of labour. Practice bulletin no.10, 1999a.
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Abstract: Introduction: In spite of the recent developments, most practitioners are reluctant to do single visit Endodontics.This critical review addresses the choices (singleor multiple-visit root canal treatment) clinicians face in dental practice, and aims to provide the current best available evidence upon which clinical decisions regarding root canal treatment can be based. Material andReview methods: Electronic searches were performed in the Medline(PubMed), Scopus& Google Scholar databases using relevant..........

Key Words: Single Versus Multi‑visit Endodontic, Periapical Pathology, periapical healingrate(success, periapical index, randomized clinical trial

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Abstract: Morbidly adherent placenta is a clinical condition when part of placenta or entire placenta invades and is inseparable from uterine wall. There are three main entities (accreta, increta, and percreta), which are defined by histological degree of placental invasion into the myometrium [1].Placenta percreta is a rare pregnancy disorder in which the placenta penetrates the uterine myometrium and can invade surrounding organs. Incidence of morbidly adherent placenta is rising and is mostly seen in pregnancy with multiple prior cesarean deliveries. Risk factors are mainly previous cesarean sections, dilatation and curettage for miscarriage, pregnancy following endoscopic surgery........

[1]. Y. Oyelese and J. C. Smulian, "Placenta previa, placenta accrete and vasa previa," Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 107, no. 4, pp. 927–941, 2006
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[4]. Wu S, Kocherginsky M, Hibbard JU. Abnormal placentation: twenty-year analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2005;192(5):1458–1461
[5]. Silver RM, Landon MB, Rouse DJ, Leveno KJ, Spong CY, Thom EA, et al. Maternal morbidity associated with multiple repeat cesarean deliveries. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Obstet Gynecol 2006; 107:1226–32.

Abstract: Occupational health and safety is disciplinary area which is concerned with the protection and safety, health as well as the welfare of people engaged in any kind of work or employment. The study aimed at assessing the occupational health and safety awareness and practices among the health care workers in public healthcare facilities in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey research design which targeted 191 public health facilities workers from 6 sub county hospitals and Uasin Gishu County referral hospital. The study adopted a purposive sampling and simple random sampling techniques. Questionnaires were used..........

Key Words:Occupational Safety and Health, Practices, Health Facilities

[1]. Cheruiyot, P. M., Oketch, J. R., Namusonge, G.S. & Sakwa, M. (2017). Effects of Public Financial Management Practices on Performance in Kericho County Government, Kenya: A critical Review. International Journal of Education and Research, 5 (12), 211-224

[2]. Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) (2013).Internal Control-Integrated Framework. AICPA: New York, NY

[3]. Dagbah, G. (2011). Internal Control as a Toll for Financial Management in the Public Sector: A case study of Ges, Adaklu-Anyigbe District, Ghana. Masters' Thesis, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi Ghana.

[4]. Field, A. (2013). Discovering Statistics Using SPSS for Windows. London: SAGE publications. Retrieved from:www. sagepub.co.uk.

[5]. Gujarati, D., and D. Porter. (2009). Basic Econometrics. (5th Ed). Boston, ma: McGraw- Hill Irwin.

Abstract: Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is the most common NICU readmission and abnormal physical finding during the first week of life. Hence appropriate management of this is of paramount importance. Phototherapy is an important treatment modality. However, it has some inherent complications; amongst them electrolyte changes is a common complication. Aims and objectives: To evaluate the electrolyte changes in neonates receiving phototherapy with find out the high risk neonates for electrolyte changes and to compare the effect on electrolytes in preterm and term neonates receiving phototherapy. Method: A prospective hospital based observational comparative study conducted on 206 eligible neonates admitted in NICU receiving...........

Key Words: NHB- neonatal hyperbilirubinemia

[1]. Singh M. Care of the Newborn. 7th ed. New Delhi: Sagar Publications; 2010. p254-74.
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[3]. Maisels MJ. Jaundice in Neonatology, Pathophysiology and Management of Newborn, 4th edition, Avery G.B. p.765-820.
[4]. Fanaroff A, Wlash M. Neonatal–Perinatal Medicine, Diseases of the Fetus and Infant, 9th edn, Elsevier Mosby, 2010; Pp: 1443-1481

[5]. Narayan S, Aggarwal R, Upadhyay A, Deorari AK, Singh M, Paul VK. Survival and morbidity in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Indian pediatrics. 2003 Feb;40(2):130-4..

Abstract: Introduction: Fever is a common symptom of UTI in children of less than 5 years age group. It is very much essential to identify UTI in febrile children and to begin prompt treatment to reduce the burden of potential lifelong morbidity. The objective of this study was to elucidate prevalence of UTI in febrile children in the age group of 1 month-5 years and to find out associated factors of UTI. Aims and Objectives: 1. To elucidate prevalence of UTI in febrile children in the age group of 1 month to 5 years seeking medical attention at GMCH (both in indoor and OPD patients), during this study period 2. To find out associated factors..........

Key Words: UTI(urinary tract infection), HUN(hydroureteronephrosis), HPF(high power field)

[1]. Ibeneme CA, Oguonu T, Okafor HU, Ikefuna AN, Ozumba UC. Urinary tract infection in febrile under five children in Enugu, South Eastern Nigeria. Nigerian journal of clinical practice. 2014;17(5):624-8.
[2]. Sunita V1 , Siva Sankara Murty YV, Sai Sunil Kishore M, Tarakeswara Rao P, Madhusudhan Rao K, Pundarikaksha V. Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection in Febrile children . INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH RESEARCH IN MODERN INTEGRATED MEDICAL SCIENCES, ISSN 2394-8612 (P), ISSN 2394-8620 (O), Vol-2, Issue-2, Apr-Jun 2015
[3]. Srivastava RN, Bagga A. Urinary tract infection .In: pediatric nephrology, 6th edition,new delhi, jaypee brothers ,2016,page 273
[4]. Talha H. Imam . Fungal Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs). MSD MANUAL PROFESSIONAL VERSION revision. June 2018 available at https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/genitourinary-disorders/urinary-tract-infections-utis/fungal-urinary-tract-infections-utis

[5]. Kibar Y. Current Management of Urinary Tract Infection in Children. InUrinary Tract Infections 2011. InTech..

Abstract: Valvular heart disease requires prosthetic valve replacement in order to improve survival and quality of life. With the advent of transcatheter valve replacement, the scope for valve replacement even in inoperable patients has increased. This Retrospective study was conducted with an objective to study the outcome of prosthetic valve occlusion cases managed in our institution, and to assess the impact of clinical presentation, thrombus size, type of prosthetic valve used and time interval since valve implantation followed by echo findings on the outcome. In the end, it was evident that thrombolysis and surgical management of prosthetic valve occlusion patients has almost equally favorable outcome in majority of the patients. Both thrombolysis and surgery are good life saving procedures.

Key Words: Pannus, Stuck valve prosthesis, Thrombolysis, Valvular heart disease

[1]. Roudaut R, Serri K and Lafitte S. Thrombosis of prosthetic heart valves: diagnosis and therapeutic considerations. Heart 2007; 93: 137−142.
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[3]. Maria Bonou, Konstantinos Lampropoulos, and John Barbetseas et al. Prosthetic heart valve obstruction: thrombolysis or surgical treatment? Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2012 Jun; 1(2): 122–127.
[4]. Daniels CJ, Barbetseas J and Boudoulas H. Prosthetic valves. In: ACC (eds) Adult clinical cardiology self-assessment program, version 7. Washington, DC, American College of Cardiology, 2009, book 4, chapter 19, pp. 19.9.1−19.9.25
[5]. Hufnagel C A, Harvey W P, Rabil P J, McDermott T F 1954 Surgical correction of aortic insufficiency.Surgery 35: 673–683.

Abstract: Aims And Obejctives:- the aim of the present study was to find out the incidence of second primary tumor in patients diagnosed with oral cancer reporting to our cancer centre and ascertain the cause for their occurrence. Materials and methods:- this study was done in department of oral oncology at kidwai memorial institute of oncology. The present retrospective study included the patients diagnosed with malignancy involving the subsites of oral cavity and operated for same from january 2014 to january 2016. Data pertaining to the study like demographic details, histological.........

Key Words: second primary tumor, oral cancer, field cancerization

[1]. Mohan M, Jagannathan N. Oral field cancerization: an update on current concepts. Oncology Reviews. 2014;8(1).

[2]. Morris L, Sikora A, Patel S, Hayes R, Ganly I. Second Primary Cancers After an Index Head and Neck Cancer: Subsite-Specific Trends in the Era of Human Papillomavirus–Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2011;29(6):739-746.

[3]. Liao L, Chou H, Wang C, Chung C, Lai M. The Impact of Second Primary Malignancies on Head and Neck Cancer Survivors: A Nationwide Cohort Study. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(4):e62116

.[4]. Ashwini B, Chitra S, Sharada P, Hema K. Oral field cancerization: An update of evidences. Journal of Dr NTR University of Health Sciences. 2015;4(3):141.

[5]. Chatra L, Prabhu R, Rao P, Shahin K, Shenai P, Veena K et al. Field cancerization: A review. Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences. 2013;1(2):136..

Abstract: Intraosseous adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare variant of a malignant slow growing adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), which is most commonly found in major and minor salivary glands. Due to its subclinical nature to spread through perineural invasion and aggressive propensity for metastasis and recurrence, diagnosis of ACC is late and results in poor prognosis due extensive spread.. We have reviewed previously published reports regarding clinical behaviour and treatment outcome of intraosseous adenoid cystic carcinoma of mandible. In this report we present a case of a 65 year old male patient who was diagnosed with central ACC of mandible which was quite aggressive and had undergone radical treatment

Key Words: intraosseous, adenoid cystic carcinoma, mandible, cylindroma, intraosseous salivary tumour

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[4]. Mahajan A, Kulkarni M, Parekh M, Khan M, Shah A, Gabhane M. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of hard palate: A case report. Oral Maxillofac Pathol J. 2011 Jan 1;2:127-31.
[5]. Rajendran R. Shafer's textbook of oral pathology. Elsevier India; 2009..

Abstract: Spinal anaesthesia is unparalleled in the way a small mass of drug, virtually devoid of systemic pharmacologic effect, can produce profound, reproducible surgical anaesthesia. Further, by altering the small mass of drug, very different types of spinal anaesthetics can be produced. Low spinal anaesthesia, a block below T10, carries a different physiologic impact than does a block performed to produce higher spinal anaesthesia (greater than T5). The block is unexcelled for lower abdominal or lower extremity surgical procedures.The main reasons for the popularity of spinal block are....

[1]. MagedL.Boules, Josseph M. Botros: Intrathecal midazolam versusintrathecal midazolam plus magnesium sulfate for analgesia in cesarean section Boules and Botros. Ain-Shams Journal of Anesthesiology-201508;70-75.
[2]. Premalatha S, Sureshu P. Comparative study of hyperbaric bupivacaine and bupivacaine with midazolam in subarachnoid block for postoperative analgesia in perianal surgeries. Int J Res Health Sci [Internet]. 2014 Jan31;2(1):162-5.
[3]. I Punjabi, Waqar-ul-Nisa, A Farooqi, A Ahmad, A Maqbool. Effect Of Intrathecal Midazolam On Quality And Duration Of Spinal Anesthesia With Bupivacaine In Perineal And Lower Limb Surgery. The Internet Journal of Anesthesiology. 2013 Volume 32 Number 1.
[4]. Sanwal MK, Baduni N, Jain A. Bupivacaine sparing effect of intrathecal midazolam in sub-arachnoid block for cesarean section. J Obstet Anaesth Crit Care 2013;3:27-31
[5]. Shashni S, Nair AS, GopalT. Clinical effects of intrathecalmidazolam versus intrathecal magnesium sulfate as adjuncts to.