iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-10 ~ October 2020

Abstract: Background:Trapezitis is inflammation of trapezius muscle. The pain is present during rest and aggravates during activity. Passive range of motion may be painful and restricted due to pain and protective spasm in antagonist muscle group. The ratio of prevalence in males and females in India is 1:10 and 3-5% of the population is affected worldwide. Materials and Methods: In this prospective comparative study,60 subjects with acute trapezitis were randomly divided into 2 groups i.e. group A and group.......

Keywords: trapezitis, ultrasound therapy, myofascial release (MFR), Laser therapy; trapezius muscle spasm; visual analogue scale (VAS); neck disability index (NDI); cervical range of motion

[1]. Levangie PK, Norkin CC . Joint structure and function: A comprehensive analysis. 4th. Philadelphia: FA. Davis Company. 2000.chapter 4. p.176, 261-262.
[2]. Chaurasia BD. BD Chaurasia's Human Anatomy Regional and Applied, Dissection and Clinical Volume 1: CBS Publishers; 2004. P. 61-63.
[3]. Chaudhary ES, Shah N, Vyas N, Khuman R, Chavda D, Nambi G. Comparative Study of Myofascial Release and Cold Pack in Upper Trapezius Spasm. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research(IJHSR). 2013, Dec;3(12):20-27.
[4]. Mane P, Pawar A, Warude T. Effect of Myofascial Release and Deep Transverse Friction Massage as an Adjunct to Conventional Physiotherapy in Case Unilateral Upper Trapezitis–Comparative Study. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSN). 2017, Mar;6(3):644-47.
[5]. Naik V, Mascarenhas J, Mutkekar N, Fogueri S. 5 days Comparative Study To Evaluate The Effectiveness Of Therapeutic Ultrasound And Conventional Exercises In Acute Trapezitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial. International Journal of Therapies and Rehabilitation Research. 2015;4(3):1.

Abstract: Post-operative pain(POP) following endodontic treatment is a common occurrence and has been a matter of concern to endodontists since time immemorial. This abnormal sensory response is a sequela of periapical inflammation in response to instrumentation and irrigating solutions during the chemo-mechanical preparation of the root canal. A pertinent remedy to this is the pretreating of the patients with analgesic medication. This article thus explores the various analgesics mentioned in literature which was given to patients undergoing endodontic treatment as a preemptive measure to minimize the pain postoperatively.

Key words: pre-medication,post-endodontic pain,POP, analgesic, NSAIDs, corticosteroids

[1]. International Association for the Study of Pain (2019) IASP's Proposed New Definition of Pain Released for Comment. Available at: https://www.iasp-pain.org/PublicationsNews/NewsDetail.aspx?ItemNumber=9218
[2]. Arias A, de la Macorra JC, Hidalgo JJ, Azabal M. Predictive models of pain following root canal treatment: a prospective clinical study. International endodontic journal. 2013 Aug;46(8):784-93.
[3]. Nagendrababu V, Gutmann JL. Factors associated with postobturation pain following single-visit nonsurgical root canal treatment: A systematic review. Quintessence International. 2017 Mar 1;48(3).
[4]. Polycarpou N, Ng YL, Canavan D, Moles DR, Gulabivala K. Prevalence of persistent pain after endodontic treatment and factors affecting its occurrence in cases with complete radiographic healing. Int Endod J. 2005 Mar;38(3):169-78.
[5]. Ali SG, Mulay S, Palekar A, Sejpal D, Joshi A, Gufran H. Prevalence of and factors affecting post-obturation pain following single visit root canal treatment in Indian population: A prospective, randomized clinical trial. Contemporary clinical dentistry. 2012 Oct;3(4):459..

Abstract: Background: Non-specific low back pain is defined asLBP not related to a pathological problem. Nursing is a profession with high incidence and prevalence of low back pain (LBP) with its medical and professional consequences. The prevalence of non-specific low back pain among Indian nurses is 53.4% and this is predisposed by the nature of their work. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of remote area MFR with stretching versus specific area MFR with stretching. Materials and Methods:In this study, 60 subjects with non-specific LBP were randomly divided into 2 groups i.e. group A and group B with 30 subjects in each group. Group A was given Remote MFR with flexibility exercises to SBL components of myofascial.....

Key Word: low back pain; myofascial meridian lines; myofascial release therapy;flexibility exercises program..

[1]. Hameeda Dharani, Soni S. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNCTIONAL DISABILITYANDBELIEFSAMONGNURSESWITHLOWBACKPAIN.Int J Physiother Res 2017;5(4):2253-2258. DOI: 10.16965/ijpr.2017.182
[2]. Abolfotouh SM, Mahmoud K, Faraj K, Moammer G, ElSayed A, Abolfotouh MA. Prevalence, consequences and predictors of low back pain among nurses in a tertiary care setting. Internationalorthopaedics. 2015 Dec1;39(12):2439-49.
[3]. Abedini S, Morowatisharifabad MA, Enjezab B, Barkhordari A,FallahzadehH. Risk perception of nonspecific low back pain among nurses: a qualitative approach. Health promotion perspectives. 2014;4(2):221.
[4]. Jeong UC, Sim JH, Kim CY, Hwang-Bo G, Nam CW. The effects of gluteus muscle strengthening exercise and lumbar stabilization exercise on lumbar muscle strength and balance in chronic low back painpatients. Journal of physical therapy science.2015;27(12):3813-6.
[5]. Arguisuelas MD, Lisón JF, Sánchez-Zuriaga D, Martínez-Hurtado I, Doménech-Fernández J. Effects of myofascial release in nonspecific chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Spine. 2017 May 1;42(9):627-34.

Abstract: Background:Badminton is a sport that requires a lot of overhead shoulder motion. Abduction, internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint during shots, lobbing, stroking and smashing were the cause of the injury. These alterations have been linked empirically to bony and soft tissue adaptations that result from the large rotational and distractive forces acting on the GH joint during the throwing motion. Materials and Methods: In this prospectiveSubjects were randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 intervention groups; Group A: The sleeper stretch group (n=50) & Group B: PNF stretch group (n=50). Study subjects were evaluated before undertaking their assigned stretching sessions for their shoulder internal rotation ROM, using a mechanical inclinometer. Sleeper stretch....

Key Word: Sleeper Stretch, PNF (Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation), Mechanical Inclinometer

[1]. A Muttalib, M Zaidi, C Kho. A Survey on Common Injuries in Recreational Badminton Players. Malaysian Orthopaedic Journal. 2009; 3(2):8-10.
[2]. Kevin G. Laudner, Robert C. Sipes, James T. Wilson. The Acute Effects of Sleeper Stretches on Shoulder Range of Motion. Journal of Athletic Training. 2008; 43(4):359–363.
[3]. Burkhart S.S, Morgan C.D, Kibler W.B. The disabled throwing shoulder: spectrum of pathology, part I: pathoanatomy and biomechanics, Arthroscopy. 2003; 19(4):404–420.
[4]. Pappas A.M, Zawacki R.M, and McCarthy C.F. Rehabilitation of the pitching shoulder. Am J Sports Med. 1985; 13(4):223–235.
[5]. Terri Jo Rucinski, Joseph B. Myers, SakikoOyama, Benjamin M. Goerger, J. Troy Blackburn, and R. Alexander Creighton Influence of Humeral Torsion on Interpretation of Posterior Shoulder Tightness Measures in Overhead Athletes. Clin J Sport Med. 2009; 19:366–371.

Abstract: To present a case of late-onset capsular bag distension syndrome (CBDS). Observations: A patient presented with decreased visual acuity and blurred vision in the left eye. She had undergone uncomplicated phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation into the capsular bag five years ago. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy ,ultrasound biomicroscopyand anterior segment optical coherence tomography were performed . Ultrasound biomicroscopyshowed sagging of the posterior capsule with distension of capsular bag with no opacification of the Intra ocular lens and anterior segment OCT showed presence of hyper reflective material between the ioland capsularbag.Neodymium: Yag(Nd: Yag) capsulotomy was done which resulted in absorption of fluid......

[1]. Davison JA. Capsular bag distention after endophacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation. J Cataract Refract Surg 1990; 16:99–108
[2]. Miyake K, Ota I, Ichihashi S, et al. New classification of capsular block syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg. 1998; 24:1230–1234.
[3]. Miyake K, Ota I, Miyake S, Horiguchi M. Liquefied after cataract: a complication of continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and intraocular lens implantation in the lens capsule. Am J Ophthalmol.1998; 125:429–435.
[4]. Sugiura T, Miyauchi S, Eguchi S, Obata H, Nanba H, Fujino Y, Masuda K, Akura J. Analysis of liquid accumulated in the distended capsular bag in early postoperative capsular block syndrome. J Cataract Refract Surg 2000; 26:420–425
[5]. Morgan-Warren P, Manna A. Late-onset capsular bag distension syndrome following cataract surgery. JRSM Short Rep. 2011; 2:53..

Abstract: Background: Hysterectomy is one of the most common gynaecological surgery performed. The choice of approach should be based on surgical indication, patient's anatomic condition, surgeon's expertise and training Aims and Objectives: This study is to focus on the most common indication for abdominal hysterectomy and surgical complications by studying clinical, intra operative , post operative and sonological outcomes in abdominal hysterectomy. Material and Methods: A prospective cohort study conducted from november 2017 to october 2018 at NMCH & RC, Raichur, including.....

Keywords: abdominal hysterectomy ,inta-operative ,post-operative ,fibroid uterus ,AUB ,PID ,endometrial hyperplasia , adenomyosis

[1]. S Akhter, R Nazneen. Clinical Evaluation of Total Abdominal Hysterectomy-A Prospective Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Northern International Medical College Journal.2015;6(2):76-77. [2]. Aarts JWM, Nieboer TE, Johnson N, Tavender E, Garry R, Mol BWJ, Kluivers KB. Surgical approach to hysterectomy for benign gynaecological disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2015, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD003677. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003677.pub5.
[3]. Neelgund S, Hiremath P. Analytical study of hysterectomies. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2016;5:2307-11
[4]. Dr. Y. Radhika Ganesh. " Merits And Demerits of Different Routes of Hysterectomy For Gynecological Conditions Without Uterine Descent. " IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS) 16.8 (2017): 38-50
[5]. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). National Hospital Morbidity Database: Separation statistics by AR-DRG (version 7.0), Australia, 2013–14. 2016..

Abstract: Background: The dramatic increase in road traffic accidents and sporting lifestyle makes the knee joint one of the most commonly injured joints in the body. The accuracy of clinical diagnosis, reported in various series varies between 64-85 percent. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a diagnostic method most often used in diagnosis of internal derangements of the knee. The accuracy rate of MRI scans also varies. Arthroscopy has been used for many years as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in knee disorders. It is considered as it allows direct visualization of the interior of the knee. Although there have been studies in literature comparing MRI with arthroscopy, the continuing improvement in diagnostic methods now available makes it especially important to compare the results and recommendations offered in the literature. Material and Methods: This is a prospective.....

Key Words: Internal Derangement of Knee, MRI, Arthroscopy, ACL, PCL.

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[2]. V Kumar: A comparative study of MRI and clinical findings in diagnosis of internal derangements of the knee J.Orthopaedics2005;2(4)e5.
[3]. Runkel M, Kreitner KF, Regentrop HJ, Kersjes W (2000) Sensitivity of magnetic resonance tomography in detecting meniscus tears. Unfall chirurg 103:1079–1085.doi:10.1007/s001130050672.
[4]. Munk B; Madsen F; Lundorf E; Staunstrup H; Schmidt SA; Bolvig L; Hellfritzsch MB;Jensen,J. Clinical magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopic findings in knees: a comparative prospective study of meniscus, anterior cruciate ligament and cartilage lesions. Arthroscopy.1998;14:171175.85.
[5]. Bellon, EM, et al: Magnetic resonance imaging of internal derangement of knee, Radiographics8:95-118, 1988..

Abstract: Background: Post-operative analgesia plays an important role in the prevention of post-operative discomforts. Routine Sub Arachnoid blocks have limited duration of sensory and motor blocks. It can be overcome by adding adjuvants to local anaesthetics which prolongs the sensory and motor blocks. Aims And Objectives The aim of the study was to compare the safety and efficacy of adding 50 μg Clonidine to 0.5% Bupivacaine in onset of block, duration of sensory block and motor block, requirement of opioid analgesics, backup analgesia in postoperative period. MATERIALS AND METHODS 50 patients belonging to ASA 1 and.....

Keywords Bupivacaine, Clonidine, Adjuvant, Sub Arachnoid Block, Post-Operative Analgesia

[1]. Bonnet F, Buisson VB Francois Y, et al. Effects of oral and subarachnoid Clonidine on spinal anesthesia with Bupivacaine, Regional Anaesthesia 1990; 15:21-4.
[2]. Seah YS, Chen C, Chung KD, Wong CH, Tan PP. Prolongation of hyperbaric Bupivacaine spinal anesthesia with Clonidine. Ma Zui Zue Ze Zhi. 1991 Mar; 29 (1): 533-7
[3]. Maze M, Tranquilly Waltham – α2 Adrenoceptor agonist. Defining the role in clinical anaesthesia. Br Journal of Anaesthesiology 1991; 74:581-605.
[4]. Muzi M, Goff DR, Kampine JP, Roerig DL, Ebert TJ. Clonidine reduces sympathetic activity but maintains baroreceptor responses in normotensive humans. Br Journal of Anaesthesiology 1992; 77:21
[5]. Filos Kriton S, Goudas leonidas C, Patroni, ourania, Poly Zou Vassiliki. Intrathecal Clonidine as a sole analgesic for pain relief after caesarean section. Anesthesiology August 1992; Volume 77: Issue No.2..

Abstract: Ingestion of foreign bodies is a common problem in paediatric population . Reports of extraluminal migration of the foreign bodies from the upper aerodigestive tract are rare. Penetration and extraluminal migration of ingested foreign bodies may cause severe vascular and suppurative complications, even death. We report a 4-year-old boy who presented with a Swelling in the neck. He had a history of ingestionof mesh of earphone speaker approximately 1 year ago. He had been asymptomatic until the present time. The examination revealed swelling inthe left side of neck with fever and cough which has not relieved on medication. Direct laryngoscopy,cervicalX-ray's,ultrasound neck and computed tomography scans....

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Abstract: introduction ; lesions of nasal cavity,para nasal sinuses, nasopharynx manifest as a diverse range of lesions. Hence a review is undertaken,Objectives ; to study the distribution of sinonasal and naso pharyngeal lesions.Methology ; this study is conducted over a period of 2 years.Results; a total of 120 cases were studied, of these 82 were non neoplastic, 27 were benign tumors,11 cases were malignant.Conclusion; allergic and inflammatory polyps were the most common. Benign tumors were hemangiomas and schnederianpapillomas. Malignant tumors were very less..

[1]. English ,GeraldM.Nasal polyposis ,chapter 19,In:Diseases of nose and paranasal sinuses-otolaryngology.Vol II Philadelphia,Harper and Row publishers; 1985.p1-2
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[3]. Jyothi A Raj, Sharmila PS. Mitikashrivastava, MahantacharV , T Rajaram."Morphological spectrum of lesions in the sinonasal region". Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 2013; Vol2, Issue 37, September ; Page: 7175-7186.
[4]. Alpana Banerjee. et al.(2017) Histopathological patterns of nasal masses: A seven year study. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. 6(2/Mar).p.491-497.
[5]. Dr.V.Manikanta"Histopathological Study of lesions in Nasal cavity & Nasopharynx: An Experience at Tertiary Care Hospital.". "IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences(IOSR-JDMS), Volume 17, Issue 2 (2018), PP 47-51.

Abstract: Combined spinal epidural is used in cesarean sections for faster onset and reduced incidence and severity of hypotension. In Epidural volume extension(EVE) technique, small dose of intrathecal local anaesthetic agent and opioid is used to produce a limited block that can be extended by epidural administration of saline. We conducted this study to see feasibility of EVE technique to achieve faster recovery which is desirable for parturient in view of the need to nurse the baby immediately in the post operative period. Material and method- A prospective double blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary care hospital over a period of two years. ASA status I or II, singlet pregnancy for LSCS were chosen to receive either single shot spinal anaesthesia......

Keywords: Cesarean section, spinal, CSE, EVE technique.

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