iosr-JDMS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2021

Abstract: Résumé Pour explorer un traumatisme oculaire, un examen ophtalmologique systématique est conduit afin de déceler tout syndrome contusif. Par ailleurs, dans ce cas présent, l'examen trouve un aspect de pâleur papillaire révélant une tumeur intracrânienne du système nerveux central encore asymptomatique. D'où l'intérêt de l'examen complet afin de dépister une baisse de l'acuité visuelle non rapportée ou sentie par l'enfant.

Keywords: Craniopharyngiome, pâleur papillaire

[1]. Michael J. Wan1 · Michal Zapotocky, Long-term visual outcomes of craniopharyngioma in children, Journal of Neuro-Oncology https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-018-2762-3
[2]. ermann L. ller1 Craniopharyngioma nature reviews | disease primers | Article citation ID: (2019)5:75
[3]. Ismail M. Mohd-Ilham. Visual Presentation and Factors Affecting Visual Outcome in Children with Craniopharyngioma in East Coast States of Peninsular Malaysia: A Five-year Review 2019 Mohd-Ilham et al. Cureus 11(4): e4407. DOI 10.7759/cureus.4407
[4]. Myrthe A. Nuijts, Nienke Veldhuis Visual functions in children with craniopharyngioma at diagnosis: A systematic review PLOS ONE 15(10): e0240016
[5]. Min Joung Lee, MD; Jeong-Min Hwang, MD nitial Visual Field as a Predictor of Recurrence and Postoperative Visual Outcome in Children With Craniopharyngioma. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2012;49:38-42.].

Abstract: We have observed a male sib of consanguineous parents, affected by severe myopia, chorio-retinal atrophy, macular hypoplasia and pallor of the optic papillae with no retinal defects nor folds. A neuroradiological exploration confirms the Dandy-walker syndrome.

[1]. PARISI MA, DOBYNS WB. Human malformations of the midbrain and hindbrain: review and proposed classification scheme. Mol Genet Metab 2003 ; 80 : 36-53.
[2]. Barkovich AJ, Raybaud C. Pediatric Neuroimaging. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012.
[3]. Chen H. Dandy–Walker malformation. Atlas of Genetic Diagnosis and Counseling 2006;273–5.
[4]. Pascual-Castroviejo I, Velez A, Pascual-Pascual S, Roche M, Villarejo F. Dandy–Walker malformation: Analysis of 38 cases. Child's Nervous System 1991;7(2):88–97.
[5]. Toriello HV, Lemire EG. Optic nerve coloboma, Dandy– Walker malformation, microglossia, tongue hamartomata, cleft palate and apneic spells: An existing oral-facial-digital syndrome or a new variant? Clinical Dysmorphology 2002;11 (1):19–23.

Abstract: Background: Hematological disorders emcompass a wide spectrum of disorders ranging from nutritional anemia to various hematological malignancy. This study was performed to develop a knowhow about that spectrum with respect to age and sex in our clinical setting within the community. Materials and Methods: It was a retrospective study of bone marrow aspiration (BMA) done on patients who were referred for bone marrow examination. Cases were analyzed in detail regarding clinical examination and other investigations. Results: BMA from 556 patients were analyzed. Nutritional anemia constituted the highest number of cases among the non-malignant hematological group of which megaloblastic anemia was the most common disorder found. Acute myeloid leukemia......

Keywords: Bone marrow aspiration, Megaloblastic anemia, AML

[1]. Pudassini S, Prasad K, Rauniyar S, Shrestha R, Gautam K, Pathak R, et al.Interpretation of bone marrow aspiration in hematological disorder. J Path Nepal 2012; 2:309-12.
[2]. Rahim F, Ahmad I, Islam S, Hussain M, Khattak TA, Bano Q. Spectrum of hematological disorders in children observed in 424 consecutive bone marrow aspirations/biopsies. Pak J Med Sci 2005;21:433-6.
[3]. Bain BJ. Bone marrow aspiration. J Clin Pathol. 2001;54:657-63
[4]. Ryan DH, Felgar RE.Examination of the marrow.In: Lichtman M A, Kipps TJ, et al (eds).Williams haematology 7 th ed. New York, McGraw Hill.2006;3:21-31.
[5]. Lee SH, Erber WN, Porwit A , Tomonaga M, Peterson LC, International Council for Standardization In Haematology. ICSH guidelines for tertiary care hospital in Nepal-11 years study.NMCJ. 2012 Sep;14(3):187-92..

Abstract: Ocular tuberculosis still represents a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, due to its heterogeneous clinical manifestations, mixed ocular tissue involvement, lack of diagnostic criteria and gold standard tests, and lack of international agreement on the therapeutic approach. We report the case of ocular tuberculosis presenting initially as central retinal vein occlusion. A 27 years old female patient presented to the ophthalmology emergency department for an acute painless unilateral vision loss. The examination findings were compatible with a central retinal vein occlusion. The suggestive chest Xray findings, associated with the positive tuberculin skin test and the good response to the anti-tuberculosis treatment were in favor of the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Central retinal vein occlusion in a young patient warrants extensive investigation to look for an underlying cause.

Keywords- Tuberculosis, central retinal vein, occlusion, macular edema, anti-Vegf

[1]. Sheu S-J, Shyu J-S, Chen L-M, Chen Y-Y, Chirn S-C, Wang J-S. Ocular manifestations of tuberculosis. Ophthalmology. 2001 Sep;108(9):1580–5.
[2]. Neuhouser AJ, Sallam A. Ocular Tuberculosis. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021 [cited 2021 Jul 4]. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559303/
[3]. Fullerton DG, Shrivastava A, Munavvar M, Jain S, Howells J, MacDowall P. Pulmonary tuberculosis presenting with central retinal vein occlusion. Br J Ophthalmol. 2007 Dec 1;91(12):1714–5.
[4]. Fountain JA, Werner RB. TUBERCULOUS RETINAL VASCULITIS: Retina. 1984;4(1):48–50.
[5]. Mahyudin M, Choo MM, Ramli NM, Omar SS. Ocular Tuberculosis Initially Presenting as Central Retinal Vein Occlusion. Case Rep Ophthalmol. 2010;1(1):30–5.

Abstract: Background: Viral hepatitis B and C, as well as HIV infection, are like endemic diseases across the globe, and the spread of these illnesses is a major health concern, especially among developing nations. The most important aspect about this is that, the majority of the population (in developing countries) does not know how this disease gets transmitted and how severe its consequences can be if it persists forever. It's likely that they are only aware of the source of infection, such as repeated blood transfusions or needle exchanges among drug users, which are the main reason for the spread of blood borne diseases. But it has been found that apart from the above mentioned sources of infection, there are some trivial issues where most of the population are not aware and even ignore by the most of the health....

Key words: Prevalence of HBV, HCV& HIV, Dental patient, risk.

[1]. SaniyaSetia, Ramandeep Singh Gambhir, VinoodKapoor. Hepatitis B and C infection: Clinical implications in dental practice.Reviewarticles.European Journal of General Dentistry .2013 2(1).
[2]. Malik AH. Lee WM. Chronic hepatitis B virus infection: Treatment strategies for the next millinium.Ann Intern Med.2000;132:723-31.
[3]. Tandon BN, Acharaya SK. Tandon A. Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection in India Gut 1996;38:56-9.
[4]. AskarianM.YadollahiM.Kuochak F, Danaei M, Vakili V, Momeni M. Precautions for health care workers to avoid hepatitis B and C virus infection . Int J OccupEnvron Med 2011;2:191-8.
[5]. Polish LB, Tong Mj,Co RL, Coleman PJ, Alter MJ. Risk factors for hepatitis C virus infection among health care personnel in a community hospital . Am J Infect Control 1993:21:196-200

Abstract: Introduction - The poor response to ovarian stimulation among women undergoing IVF is of great concern in reproductive medicine. The reported incidence of poor response varies from 9% to 26%. Certain modalities have been tested through randomized trials to improve the response to gonadotropin stimulation and thus reproductive outcomes such as transdermal testosterone and DHEA, and the duration of the treatment. The present study focused on the intervention of transdermal testosterone administration, which achieves powerful systemic androgenization and subsequently, a greater action of FSH......

Keywords :IVF , TRANSDERMAL TESTOSTERONE GEL, POOR RESPONDERS , CONTROLLED OVARIAN STIMULATION.

[1]. Fasouliotis SJ, Simon A, Laufer N. Evaluation and treatment of low responders in assisted reproductive technology: a challenge to meet. J Assist Reprod Genet. 2000;17:357–373.
[2]. Shanbhag S, Aucott L, Bhattacharya S, Hamilton MA, McTavish AR. Interventions for 'poor responders' to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;24:CD004379.
[3]. Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocols for in vitro fertilization: two decades of experience after the birth of Elizabeth Carr.
[4]. Pretreatment with transdermal testosterone may improve ovarian response to gonadotrophins in poor-responder IVF patients with normal basal concentrations of FSH.Hum. Reprod. 2006; 21: 1884-1893
[5]. The use of androgens or androgen-modulating agents in poor responders undergoing in vitro fertilization: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hum. Reprod. Update. 2012; 18: 127-145,Deeks, J.J., Higgins, J.P.T., Altman, D.G. Chapter 9: Analysing data and undertaking meta-analyses. In: Higgins, J.P.T., Green, S. (Eds.), Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.1.0

Abstract: Aim: Aim of this in vitro study was to compare cusp fracture resistance of root filled maxillary premolars restored with different composite resins using single step self etch and two step (etch & rinse) techniques after MOD preparations. Materials and Methods: 80 premolars with no restorations or cracks were selected. MOD cavities were prepared considering the buccolingual width to be equal to half of the intercuspal distance. The specimens were randomly divided into 8 groups, 10 specimens each: Group I did not receive cavity preparation or root canal treatment, group II remain unrestored after MOD cavity preparation. In group III, Xeno III was applied and then restoration was done with packable resin. Group IV were restored with packable resin after total-etched and Prime and Bond NT application.....

Keywords :Fracture resistance; Xeno III; ormocer resin

[1]. S. G. Ellis, J. F. McCord, and F. J. Burke, "Predisposing and contributing factors for complete and incomplete tooth fractures," Dental Update, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 150–158, 1999.
[2]. R. B. Joynt, G. Wieczkowski Jr., R. Klockowski, and E. L. Davis, "Effects of composite restorations on resistance to cuspal fracture in posterior teeth," The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry, vol. 57, no. 4, pp. 431–435, 1987.
[3]. P. H. P. Dalpino, C. E. Francischone, A. Ishikiriama, and E. B. Franco, "Fracture resistance of teeth directly and indirectly restoredwith composite resin and indirectly restored with ceramic materials," American Journal of Dentistry, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 389–394, 2002.
[4]. J. G. Bell, M. C. Smith, and J. J. de Pont, "Cuspal failures of MOD restored teeth," Australian Dental Journal, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 283– 287, 1982.
[5]. P. Ausiello, A. J. De Gee, S. Rengo, and C. L. Davidson, "Fracture resistance of endodontically-treated premolars adhesively restored," American Journal of Dentistry, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 237– 241, 1997.

Abstract: Vaginal fibroids are rare condition with approximately 300 cases reported in world literature, exist as primary vaginal tumor and usually arise from anterior vaginal wall. This condition may present with various symptoms and may also be mistaken for carcinoma, sarcoma, vaginal cyst, cystocele, uterine prolapse, and adenomyoma of the vagina because of the variety in its size, appearance and locations. Here we are reporting a rare case of submeatal leiomyomatous polyp which was preoperatively diagnosed as vaginal prolapse.

KEYWORDS: Vaginal tumor, Vaginal fibroid, Leiomyoma, Dyspareunia, Urinary Retention, Excision, Enucleation

[1]. Patil RR, Vijay NR, Joshi S. An unusual presentation of vaginal leiomyoma. Journal of Mid-life Health. 2019 Oct;10(4):204.
[2]. Gupta M, Saini V, Jindal R. Vaginal Leiomyoma: Case Report and Literature Review. Journal of South Asian Federation of Menopause Societies. 2017 Jan;5(1):62-5.
[3]. HARINI H. VAGINAL LEIOMYOMA-A RARE CASE REPORT [Internet]. Ejournal-tnmgrmu.ac.in. 2017 [cited 11 July 2020]. Available from: http://ejournal-tnmgrmu.ac.in/index.php/surgery/article/view/3347
[4]. Wethmar EI, D Mouton A, Dreyer G. Vaginal leiomyoma presenting as a lateral vaginal wall mass. Southern African Journal of Gynaecological Oncology. 2017 Jan 2;9(1):16-8.

Abstract: Introduction: The main aim of monitoring antenatal mothers during the peripartum period is to identify fetuses at risk, intervene timely and give a good perinatal outcome. There are many modalities used in monitoring the fetal well being of which CTG and AFI are the simple, economical, easy to use and give better perinatal outcomes. Aim: To detect the reliability of admission CTG with AFI in detecting fetuses at risk in uncomplicated pregnancies. Methods and methodology: This is a prospective study conducted during the period of 1 year from May 2020 to May 2021 in a private setup. The study included 100 low risk women admitted for safe confinement to the labour room. All the patients were subjected to 20 minutes of CTG and screening AFI and these were correlated with the presence of meconium, mode of delivery, APGAR score at 1 and 5 minutes and need for NICU admission.......

Keywords: cardiotocograph, amniotic fluid index, perinatal outcomes, meconium, APGAR score, NICU admission

[1]. Savita Rathod, Vanitha LV. Clinical study of modified biophysical profile (MBPP) as an antepartum surveillance test in high risk pregnancies. SAS J. Surg., Volume-1; Issue-2 (Jul-Aug, 2015); p-36-39
[2]. Santosh Jha, Ganesh Dangal. Role of Modified Biophysical Profile in High Risk Pregnancy in Predicting Fetal Outcome. J Nepal Health Res Counc 2020 Jul-Sep;18(48): 401-5
[3]. Jankidevi S. Borade, Sushma P. Sharma. The role of modified biophysical profile in predicting perinatal outcome in high risk pregnancies. Borade JS et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Jun;7(6):2287-2294
[4]. GD Maiti, Sapna Jaggi. Clinical efficacy and reliability of amniotic fluid index (AFI) as labour admission test in correlation to perinatal outcome. International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2018; 2(2): 89-93
[5]. J A J N Jayasinghea, W Gunawardana, R C Fernandupullec. Borderline amniotic fluid index as a predictor of adverse perinatal outcomes. Sri Lanka Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2019; 41: 59-65.

Abstract: Background:Anemia is a very common manifestation among patients of CKD. As the renal dysfunction increases in severity, there is proportional increase in prevalence and severity of haematological impairment. There is increased incidence of cardiovascular dysfunction, cognitive impairment and sleep disturbances in anemic patients with CKD. It is also associated with progression of renal disease and increased mortality. This study was conducted to study the spectrum of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease patients at a tertiary care centre in North east India.......

Key Word: Anemia, Erythropoetin, Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, GFR, KDIGO.

[1]. Jha V, Garcia-Garcia G, Iseki K, Li Z, Naicker S, Plattner B, et al. Chronic kidney disease: Global dimension and perspectives. Lancet 2013;382:260-72.
[2]. National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2006;47: S11–145.
[3]. Dowling T.C. Prevalence, etiology, and consequences of anemia and clinical and economic benefits of anemia correction in patientswith chronic kidney disease: an overview. Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm. 2007;64:S3–7.
[4]. Ryu SR, Park SK, Jung JY, Kim YH, Oh YK, Yoo TH, et al. The Prevalence and Management of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: Result from the KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD). J Korean Med Sci. 2017;32: 249–256.
[5]. Lopez A, Cacoub P, Macdougall IC, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Iron deficiency anaemia. Lancet. 2016; 387 (10021): 907–16.

Abstract: Background: Venous malformations in the maxillofacial region cause multiple functional and esthetic problems in pediatric patients. Intralesional sclerotherapy is their mail line of treatment; many sclerosing agents are available with various advantages and disadvantages. Many studies compared Ethanol-amine Oleate or Bleomycin with ethanol, or with other sclerosing agents. The present study compares between Bleomycin and Ethanolamine Oleate sclerotherapy of pediatric maxillofacial venous formations to decide which can achieve better therapeutic results. Materials and Methods: 30 pediatric patients, of both sexes, having maxillofacial venous malformations; were randomly divided into 2 equal groups of 15 patients. Group I was treated with Bleomycin at 4 weeks interval, and group II was treated with Ethanol-amine Oleate, at 2 weeks interval. All cases were injected by the same operator, and the 2 groups were compared over 12 months........

Keywords: Bleomycin, Ethanolamine Oleate, Sclerotherapy, Pediatric, Maxillofacial, Venous Malformations

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[3]. Horbach SE, Lokhorst MM, Saeed P, de Goüyon Matignon de Pontouraude CM, Rothová A, van der Horst CM. Sclerotherapy for low-flow vascular malformations of the head and neck: A systematic review of sclerosing agents. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2016 Mar; 69(3):295-304. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2015.10.045. Epub 2015 Nov 18. PMID: 26723834.
[4]. Bajpai H, Bajpai S. Comparative analysis of intralesional sclerotherapy with sodium tetradecyl sulfate versus bleomycin in the management of low flow craniofacial soft tissue vascular lesions. J Maxillofac Oral Surg. 2012 Mar; 11(1):13-20. doi: 10.1007/s12663-011-0325-7. Epub 2011 Dec 28. PMID: 23449774; PMCID: PMC3319813.
[5]. Rabe E, Breu FX, Cavezzi A, Coleridge Smith P, Frullini A, Gillet JL, Guex JJ, Hamel-Desnos C, Kern P, Partsch B, Ramelet AA, Tessari L, Pannier F; Guideline Group. European guidelines for sclerotherapy in chronic venous disorders. Phlebology. 2014 Jul; 29(6):338-54. doi: 10.1177/0268355513483280. Epub 2013 May 3. PMID: 23559590.