iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2024

Abstract: Objective : to evaluate the role of effectiveness of ultrasonography and mr in diagnosis of rotator cuff pathologies Patients & methods : this prospective study included 50 patients referred for ultrasound and mri because of shoulder pain. All patients were examined clinically, followed by radiography of the affected shoulder. High-resolution ultrasound examination of the involved shoulder was performed together with an examination of the contralateral normal.......

Key Message- full thickness tear ( ftt ) , mri, partial thickness tear ( ptt ) , rotator cuff tear , u/s ( usg ) .

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Abstract: Introduction Tuberculosis is a very common disease in our country more commonly in lower socio echonomic people . Extra Pulmonary TB refers to TB involving organs other than the lungs (e.g. lymph nodes, abdomen, genitourinary tract, skin, joints and bones, or meninges) Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the leading cause of communicable disease-related deaths in people. Mycobacterium tuberculosis disseminates haematogenously from an active.....

Keywords: circulatory system,chest radiograph , extra-pulmonary TB, organ systems.

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Abstract: This case report discusses a 6-year and 5-month-old girl presenting with poor growth noticed by her parents from 2-3 years of age. Detailed examination and investigations revealed congenital hypothyroidism due to thyroid dyshormonogenesis. The child showed significant clinical improvement with Levothyroxine therapy. This report underscores the importance of early diagnosis and management of congenital hypothyroidism to ensure optimal growth and development. The role of newborn screening programs is crucial for early detection and intervention, reducing the risk.....

[1] Rastogi Mv, Lafranchi Sh. Congenital Hypothyroidism. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2010;5(1):17.
[2] Skordis N, Toumba M, Savva Sc, Erakleous E, Topouzi M, Vogazianos M, Yanovski Ja. High Prevalence Of Congenital Hypothyroidism In The Greek Cypriot Population: Results Of The Neonatal Screening Program 1990–2000. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90(6):3159-3162.
[3] Van Trotsenburg Asp, Kempers Mje, Endert E, Tijssen Jgp, De Vijlder Jjm, Vulsma T. Tracing Thyroid Dyshormonogenesis Using Serum Thyrotropin Response To Exogenous Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(11):3981-3985.
[4] Korada Sm, Pearce Ms, Turner S, Cheetham Td, Leger J. Age At Diagnosis And Growth Outcomes In Congenital Hypothyroidism: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study. Arch Dis Child. 2010;95(1):23-27.
[5] Iyer P, Menon Psn, Talwar R, Kamath N, Yadav S. Newborn Screening Guidelines For Congenital Hypothyroidism In India: Recommendations Of The Indian Society For Pediatric And Adolescent Endocrinology (Ispae). Indian Pediatr. 2018;55(4):353-355.

Abstract: A 25-year-old male with no significant past medical history was admitted with persistent fever, body aches, weakness, headache, and reduced oral intake, accompanied by recent onset abdominal pain and vomiting for 12 days. Investigations suggested acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) in the context of severe thrombocytopenia, with imaging confirming gallbladder wall thickening and moderate ascites, but no gallstones. The clinical presentation and recent travel history to Pakistan pointed towards Dengue fever as the underlying etiology. This case highlights the diagnostic challenges and management complexities of AAC secondary to Dengue fever, emphasizing the need for awareness of such atypical presentations during Dengue outbreaks.

KEYWORDS- Acalculous cholecystitis, Dengue fever, Thrombocytopenia

[1] Gurung S, Et Al. "Dengue Fever Presentations And Their Associations With Acalculous Cholecystitis." J Infect Dis. 2022;225(6):1152-1159.
[2] Karki S, Et Al. "Clinical Spectrum And Outcomes Of Dengue Infection In Tropical Settings." Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2018;99(3):645-652.
[3] Khadka M, Et Al. "Acalculous Cholecystitis In Dengue Fever: A Complication To Note." Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2020;13(7):324-329.
[4] Gurung S, Et Al. "Acalculous Cholecystitis: Expanding The Spectrum Of Dengue Fever." Trop Med Health. 2021;49:37.
[5] Dhakale S, Et Al. "A Systematic Review Of Acalculous Cholecystitis Associated With Dengue Fever." J Trop Med. 2023; In Press..

Abstract: Robotics has emerged as a transformative technology in oral surgery, offering unprecedented precision and enhancing surgical outcomes. This article provides an overview of the applications, advancements, and challenges of robotics in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Key applications include dental implant placement, orthognathic surgery, tumor resection, and nerve repair. The integration of robotics allows for precise pre-operative planning through advanced imaging and simulation, thereby minimizing risks and improving patient safety. Despite its benefits, challenges such as cost, training requirements, and surgical workflow integration remain........

KEYWORDS-Head and neck, Maxillofacial surgery, Oral Surgical procedures, Robotic surgery, Robot-assisted
dental implant surgery, Static guided surgery, Dynamic guided surgery, Maxillary repositioning, Orthognathic
surgery, Accuracy

[1] Mouret P. How I Developed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1996; 25 (5): 744–747.
[2] Liu Hh, Li Lj, Shi B, Xu Cw, Luo E. Robotic Surgical Systems In Maxillofacial Surgery: A Review. Int J Oral Sci. 2017; 9(2):63–73.
[3] Dean Nr, Rosenthal El, Carroll Wr Et Al. Robotic-Assisted Surgery For Primary Or Recurrent Oropharyngeal Carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010; 136 (4): 380–384.
[4] Kwoh Ys, Hou J, Jonckheere Ea Et Al. A Robot With Improved Absolute Positioning Accuracy For Ct Guided Stereotactic Brain Surgery. Ieee Trans Biomed Eng. 1988; 35(2): 153–160.
[5] Talamini M, Campbell K, Stanfield C. Robotic Gastrointestinal Surgery: Early Experience And System Description. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2002; 12 (4): 225–232.

Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is among the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hyperlipidemia is the cornerstone of CVD development and progression. Decreasing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the main objective of hypolipidemic therapy. LDL particles constitute the end product of lipoprotein........

KEYWORDS-Dyslipidemia, Statins, Bempedoic Acid, Inclisiran, PCSK9 inhibitor

[1] Yach D,Hawkes C,Gould Cl,Hofman Kj.The Global Burden Of Chronic Disease: Overcoming Impediments To Prevention And Control.Jama.2004;291(21):2616-2622.
[2] Karr S.Epidemiology And Management Of Hyperlipidemia.Am J Manag.Care 2017,23,139-148) Hyperlipidaemia Is The Cornerstone Of Cvd Development And Progression.
[3] Grundy Sm,Cleeman Ji,Merz Cn,Et Al.Implicatons Of Recent Clinical Trials For The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Iii Guidelines.Circulation.2004;110(2):227-239.
[4] Pirillo A,Casula M,Olmasstroni E,Norata Gd,Catapano A L,Global Epidemiology Of Dyslipidaemia.Nat.Rev.Cardiol 2021,18,689-700.
[5] Shattat G F.A Review Article On Hyperlipidemia:Types Treatments And New Drug Targets.Biomed.Pharmacol.J.2014,7,399-409.

Abstract: Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a prevalent clinical syndrome that primarily affects the elderly, characterized by high mortality and morbidity rates. Many patients with CHF remain asymptomatic or present with atypical symptoms, leading to late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Clinical trials have shown that early use of ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, and spironolactone significantly reduces mortality and morbidity. However, conventional diagnostic tools like echocardiography are expensive and often unavailable, prompting the need for cost-effective alternatives such as neurohormonal markers, including NT-pro-BNP. This study aims to estimate NT......

KEYWORDS- Chronic Heart Failure, NT-pro-BNP, Heart Failure Diagnosis, Cardiomyopathy, Ejection Fraction, Prognostic Biomarker

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