iosr-JMCE   Volume-14 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2017

Abstract: Unconfined and Perched aquifers in irrigation command are more prone to water logging and salinity problems. Solution to these complexities using mathematical models does play around the source/sink term in majority and suggesting consumptive use as remedial measures becomes more often intentional. Elsewhere many researchers have found the problem caused by topography, clogging of pores and dissolution of nutrients/fertilizers. Numerical modeling of such processes requires adaptive techniques and software application...........

Keywords: Perched Aquifer, Salinity, SWIFT III model, Unconfined Aquifer.

[1]. Abdulaziz, A.M. (2010) 'A mathematical modelling approach for irrigation water management under water shortage and salinity conditions: the Wave_Ms model', Proc. Fourteen International Water Technology Conference, IWTC 14, Cairo, Egypt.
[2]. Ahmed, I. and Umar, R. (2009) 'Groundwater flow modelling of Yamuna-Krishni interstream, a part of central Ganga Plain Uttar Pradesh', J Earth Syst. Sci., Vol. 118, No. 5, pp.507–523.
[3]. Ajdary, K., Singh, D.K., Singh, A.K. and Khanna, M. (2005) 'Simulation of water distribution under drip irrigation using hydrus-2D', Proc. XII World Water Congress, Water for Sustainable Development – Towards Innovative Solutions, New Delhi, India.
[4]. Arora, A.N. and Goyal, R. (2012) 'Groundwater model of waterlogged area of Indira Gandhi Nahar Pariyojna, Stage I', ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, Vol. 18, No. 1, pp.45–53. Banar, H. (2011) Modelling of Irrigation Return Flow in Unconfined Aquifer of Dharoi Commanin Mehsana District Of Gujarat, India, Unpublished Postgraduate Dissertation, Gujarat Technological University, India.
[5]. Bastiaanssen, W.G.M., Allen, R.G., Droogers, P., D'Urso, G. and Steduto, P. (2007) 'Twenty-five years modeling irrigated and drained soils: state of the art', Agricultural Water Management, Vol. 92, No. 3, pp.111–125.

Abstract: Water resources are equally important for natural ecosystem and human development. Rapid industrialization and indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture are causing deterioration of water quality by varied pollution in aquatic biota. Due to use of contaminated water, human population suffers from water borne diseases. It is therefore essential to assist the quality of water at regular intervals of time. Parameters that may be tested include temperature, pH, and turbidity, hardness. The present review paper describes about the comparative study of water quality by using different dosages of coagulants and flocculants like Alum, Poly Aluminum chloride (PAC), Poly Electrolyte (PE) and combination of PAC+PE.

Keywords: Alum, PAC, PE, DO, PH, COD, Turbidity, TDS, TSS, NOM, BOD

[1]. Agrawal A, Saxena M (2011). Assessment of pollution by physicochemical water parameter using regression analysis: A case study of Gagan River at Moradabad, India. Adv. Appl. Sci. Res. 2(2):185-189.
[2]. Azumi DS, Bichi MH (2010). Industrial pollution and heavy metal profile of Challawa River in Kano, Nigeria. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Sanit. 5(1):2, 3-29.
[3]. CPCB, Guidelines for Idol Immersion, 2006. NewItem_159_Guideline_for_Idol_Imersion.pdf, accessed on 20th March, 2012.
[4]. Edema MO, OmenuAM, Fapeta OM (2006). Microbiology and physiological analysis of different sources of drinking water in Abeokuta. Nig. J. Microb. 13(1):57-61.
[5]. Eruola AO, Ufoegbune GC, Awomeso JA, Adeofun CO, Idowu OA, Abhulimen SI (2011). An assessment of the effect of industrial pollution on Ibese River, Lagos, Nigeria. Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 5(8):608-615.

Abstract: Detrimental variations worldwide have led to deleterious effects such as cost overruns, time overruns, compromised quality and abandonment of building projects. The study was about to identify and evaluate potential mitigation measures of detrimental variations in public building projects in Tanzania. This could help in minimizing detrimental variations and consequently safeguarding the anticipated value for money in such projects. Reviewed relevant literature resulted into identification of 17 potential mitigation measures of detrimental variations in public building projects. In total, 183 questionnaire forms were administered to architects, engineers, quantity surveyors and procurement officers for rating. Nevertheless, 143 responses were received constituting 78% response rate................

Keywords: Detrimental, Mitigation measures, Public building projects, Tanzania, Variations

[1] Y. B. Mhando, R. S. Mlinga, and H. M Alinaitwe, Factors Influencing Variations in Public Building Projects, In: Emuze, F. A. (ed.). Proceedings of the Fourth Construction Management Conference, 30th November-1st December, Protea Marine Hotel, Port Elizabeth, South Africa, NMMU, 2015, 162-170.
[2] E. E. Rwakarehe and D. A. Mfinanga, Effect of Inadequate Design on Cost and Time Overrun of Road Construction Projects in Tanzania, Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management, 4(1), 2014, 15-28.
[3] Y. B. Mhando, R. S. Mlinga, and H. M. Alinaitwe, Perspectives of the Causes of Variations in Public Building Projects in Tanzania, International Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 6(1), 2017, 1-12.
[4] R. S. Mlinga, Ethics in Public Procurement: A Missing Link in the Education and Training of Construction Industry Practitioners, Proceedings of Construction Industry Forum, September12-13, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, 2008, 1-19.
[5] T. Subramani, P. S. Sruthi, and M. Kavitha, Causes of Cost Overrun in Construction, Journal of Engineering, 4(6), 2014, 1-7.

Abstract: These days in the field of engineering several types of 3-D scanners such as laser or optical 3D scanners are used for object digitalization .In this work comparing two types of 3-D non- contact type scanners that is V5 perceptron 3D laser scanner and 3D SYSTEMS CAPTURE SCANNER(fast blue light 3D scanning technology).The physical object is scanned individually for obtaining point cloud data of a existing freeform surface through these two scanners .The obtained data through scanning is then generated into ASCII(.asc file )file format type.So eventually both scanned files are evaluated through concerned reverse engineering software with necessary modules.In this standard deviation, Deviation status and deviation distribution are evaluated by comparing the reverse engineering model with the original CAD model over the free form surface.

Keywords: 3D scanners, point data, free form surface,non-contact scanners, scanning comparison

[1] G. Sreeram Reddy†*, ManzoorHussain‡, J. Jagadesh Kumar† and V.V.Satyanarayana†, Experimental Investigation on Reverse Engineering of a Typical Freeform Surface using Portable Laser Arm Scanner, 05 Sept 2016, Vol.6, No.5 (Oct 2016).
[2] TeodorTóth*, JozefŽivčák, A Comparison of the Outputs of 3D Scanners, Procedia Engineering 69 (2014) 393 – 401
[3] Ngozi Sherry Ali, Reverse Engineering of Automotive Parts Applying Laser Scanning and Structured Light Techniques, MAY 2005.
[4] Claus-Peter Alberts, Surface reconstruction from scan paths, Future Generation Computer Systems 20 (2004) 1285–1298
[5] http://www.europac3d.com/3d-laser-scanning/v5-perceptron-scanner/