iosr-JMCE   Volume-15 ~ Issue-2 ~ Mar-Apr 2018

Abstract: Total road network in India is about 3.3 million km, from which 65% is carried by freight & 85& by passenger traffic. Annual growth of road traffic is about 7-10 % & population of vehicle is growing at rate of 12% per year. Road Safety Audit (RSA) recognizes & provides possibilities for improvement in safety for all road users. RSA prevents instance of accidents or to reduce it. The motive of the study is to determine the accidents prone areas on the road from first information report, to study the road stretch & know relation accidents rates & reasons of accidents. In this project analysis of one of the major national highway of Aurangabad city will be considered, the location of interest is of Beed by pass road from Renuka Mata Kaman to T- point of Paithan road. The scope of study is to minimize accidents on the road and need for costly remedial work is reduced..

Keywords: Road Safety Audit, Road Accidents, Traffic, First Investigation Report, Inspection, Median.

[1]. Arun S Bagi, Dheeraj N Kumar, "Road Safety Audit", 2012.
[2]. Hitesh Kumar, Mrs. Monika, "Research Paper on the Road Safety Audit & A Case Study on Kaithal-Kurukshtra Road Haryana", India 2017
[3]. Mazher Sayed, Sumedh Mhaske, GIS based Road Safety Audit, 2017.
[4]. Abdul Rahoof, Bipin Kumar Singh, Road Safety Audit IN INDIA : A REVIEW, 2017.
[5]. Dr. S.S.JAIN, P.K. Singh, Dr. M Parida, Road Safety Audit for four lane national highways, 2011.

Abstract: The calcareous soil is commonly composed of calcium carbonates greater than ten percent. Generally, the calcareous soils are extensively found near the coastal areas of Egypt. Accordingly, the performance of calcareous soils is usually connected with different interdependent problems, such as crushability, compressibility, and chemical dissolving. Thus, the main goal of the present study is to explore the feasibility of applying a treatment approach in the improvement of calcareous soils toward mixing the calcareous soil with Kaolinite clay. Moreover, investigating the effect of different types of water (e.g. fresh and seawater) used in compacting the treated calcareous soil on its performance. The results have shown that the addition of Kaolinite up to 9% to the mixtures significantly decreased the optimum water content but increased the maximum dry density. Wherein, both of the decrease ratio in optimum water content and the increase ratio in maximum dry density became more significant in the.........

Key Words: Calcareous soil, CBR, Improvement, Kaolinite clay, Seawater..

[1]. A.R. Clark, and B.F. Walker, A proposed scheme for the classification and nomenclature for use in the engineering description of Middle Eastern sedimentary rocks, International Journal of Géotechnique, 27 (1), 1977, 93-99.
[2]. M. R. Coop, and D. W. Airey, Characterization and engineering properties of natural soils, Handbook of Carbonate sands, (the Netherlands: Tan- Phoon-Hight-Leroueil-Balkema, 2003) 1049-1086.
[3]. M. Datta, S. K. Gulhati, and G. V. Rao, Engineering behavior of carbonate soils of India and some observations on classification of such soils - Geotechnical properties, behavior and performance of calcareous soils, ASTM Special technical publication, 777, 1982, 113-140.
[4]. D. L. Suarez, and J. D. Rhoades, The Apparent solubility of calcium carbonate in soils, Soil Science Society of America Journal, 46 (4), 1982, 716-722.

Abstract: Researchers widely used physical testing method toinvestigate the damage of cellular phone during free fall. It is always very costly, time consuming and complex. Finite element analysis is an advanced simulation tools which provide numerical models without spent so much money on physical testing methods. Drop test simulation plays asignificant role in exploring impact performances and finding weak points of a cellular phone at design stage since actual testing is expensive and time consuming.Present research work deals with the new airbag protection covers development of cellphone against free fall using advanced finite element analysis.Drop test simulation technique is one of the important tooluses...............

Key Words: Cellphone, FEA, LS-Dyna, Airbag, Drop Test.

[1]. Anders Harrysson, drop test simulation of cellular phone, Master's thesis, 2003.
[2]. Kim J.G. & Park Y.K. (2004), "Experimental Verification of Drop/Impact Simulation for a CellularPhone." Society for Experimental Mechanics, vol. 44.
[3]. Liu W., & Li H., (2011) "IMPACT ANALYSIS OF A CELLULAR PHONE," 4th ANSA & μETAInternational Conference, June 1-3 2011.
[4]. Gu Y., and Jin D., (2006), "Drop Test Simulation and DOE Analysis for Design optimization ofMicroelectronics Packages." Electronic Components and Technology Conference, pp 422-427.
[5]. Deiters T.A., Baker M., and Engelhardt C.W., "Using analysis to design for drop or other shockenvironments." Structural dynamic research corporation, pp. 523-528.

Abstract: The fact remains that housing has been universally acknowledged as the second most important human need after food. It has been of perennial interest to the world at large since its availability touches on one of the widest spectrum of human existence. Sandcrete blocks as building materials have become so popular in many parts of Africa that although similar to bricks in many respects, they both deserve to be treated separately. It is therefore worthy of note that for an engineer to select one of these materials (block and brick), the fitness or suitability of the chosen materials for the purposed structure must be considered.Tests carried out in this research include sieve analysis, Atterberg's limit tests (Liquid limit and plastic limit) were carried out on the materials (sand andlaterite)to be able to ascertain certain of their properties for their intended use. About ten pieces each of sandcrete block and burnt bricks were prepared for the study and density and compressive strength tests were carried out on them. Findings............

Key Words: Sandcrete blocks, Burnt bricks, Density, Compressive Strength and Sustainability.

[1]. Adeola, J.O., (1997). A Review of Masonry Block/Brick types used for Building in Nigeria.M.Eng Thesis, University of Benin, Nigeria.
[2]. Oyetola, E.B&Abdullahi, M (2006). The Use of Rice Husk Ash in Low-Cost Sandcrete Block Production. Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies. 8, 58-70.
[3]. Sholanke, A.B., Fagbenle, O.I.,Aderonmu, A.P &Ajagbe, M.A (2015). Sandcrete Block and Brick Production in Nigeria - Prospects and Challenges. IIARD International Journal of Environmental Research. 1(4), 1-17.
[4]. Oyekan, G.L. &Kamiyo, O.M. (2008). Effects of Granites Fines on the Structural and Hygrothermal Properties of Sandcrete Blocks. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences. 3(9), 735-741.
[5]. Wikipedia (2017). Laterite. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laterite (Accessed, 26th December, 2017)..

Abstract: In this study, a case history of temporary earth support collapse is illustrated briefly and mechanism of accident occurrences are introduced with the result showing that piles and anchors which are not provided with sufficient length cause collapse of structures. In deep excavation process there may be potential for circular sliding surface to propagate outside the anchor bond zone and the reduction in shear strength of soil due to increase in pore water pressure. Presence of seepage or ground water table in the backfill soil increases the pore water pressure,in turn increases the Bending moment with active earth pressure and anchor head becomes ineffective to bear the tensile forces, hence failure occurs.The failure mechanism can be overcome by the measurement of moment and pressure whichreveals valuable information for verifying the design assumptions..

Key Words: Bending Moment, Ground Anchors, Micro Pile, Pore Water Pressure, Active Earth Pressure

[1]. Bolton, M.D. and Powrie, W., (1987), "Collapse of Diaphragm Walls Retaining Clay," Geotechnique, 37 (3), 335-353
[2]. Madabhushi, S.P.G. and Chandrasekaran, V.S., (2005), "Rotation of Cantilever Sheet Pile Walls," ASCE Journal of Geotechnical and Geo-Environmental Engineering, Vol.131, No.2, pp 202-212.
[3]. Gopal MadabhushiS. P. * and V. S. Chandrasekaran (2008)" Centrifuge Testing of a Sheet Pile Wall with Clay Backfill" Indian Geotechnical Journal, 38(1), 2008, 1-20
[4]. ViswanadhamB.V.s., Gopal Madabhushi (2008)"Modelling the failure of a cantilever sheet pile wall" International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering 3(2):215-231
[5]. Kazuya Itoh, NaotakaKikkawa& Yasuo Toyosawa(2011)" Failure mechanism of anchored retaining wall due to the anchor head itself being broken" International Symposium on Backward Problems in geotechnical Engineering, 2011, 13-18.

Abstract: Sustainable road development is an activity for the planning, implementation and use of environmentally friendly road construction products, efficient in resource use, low cost and with due consideration to the principle of expediency, equity, balance and harmony of its environmental infrastructure. The stakeholders are a community of road builder's profession. This research aims to determine the extent of understanding and attitude of stakeholder support for the implementation of sustainable roads in Buru Regency. This research is explorative research, field research, using qualitative methods and measure with Likert scale level of understanding and attitude of stakeholder support. Analysis of stakeholder knowledge is understanding and desire support implementation using Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method, and statistical tests. The result of the research shows that the level of stakeholders' understanding of sustainable road in general is quite understandable and desire support implementation is quite high, although there is the average difference desire of stakeholder support to natural resource variables..

Key Words: sustainable road, social, economic, environmental.

[1] Adi, P, C, S, Hatmoko, D., Setiadji H, B., 2016. Rating System Model For Environmental Performance Assessment for Highway Construction Project, Simposium XIX FSTPT, Universitas Islam Indonesia, 11 - 13 October 2016
[2] Jinca, M.Y., 2015. Transportation Planning, Course Module Master Program in Transportation Engineering, Hasanuddin University, Makassar
[3] Turu H., and Jinca, M.Y., Asdar M. 2014. The Effect of Concrete Rigid Construction for Development of Rural Road Transportation on Land Values. IRJES, Volume 3, PP. 20-23, (July 2014).
[4] Hasan, M., 2011. International Seminar on The Green Road Construction and International workshop on The Vetiver System, Bandung..

Abstract: Natural resources (fuels) cannot be prepared in the laboratory. It takes millions of years for dead organisms to get converted into these fuels. Continues usage of these fuels is the major concern of these fuels are fast depleting. Bio CNG is the purified form of biogas, where all the unwanted gases are removed to produce (>95%) pure methane gas. Bio CNG is exactly similar to the commercially available natural gas. In India, we lack fuel resources, so we are dependent on fuel rich countries like Saudi Arabia, UAE and etc. Those countries development is mainly due to highly available fuel resources in there countries. But in India, we are lacking it and the resources are getting exhausted. Considering our future generations, we need to safe guard our resources. A replacement to those exhausting........

Key Words: Natural gas, Bio CNG, Foreign exchange.

[1]. The use of an industrial by-product as a sorbet to remove CO2 and H2S from biogas. Author: L.Sarperi, A.Surbrenat, A. Kerihuel, F.Chazarenc, Publication: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering.
[2]. Status of Biogas Upgrading in Germany P.Weiland Johann Heinrich von Thunen-Institute (vTI) Federal Research Institute for Rural Areas, Forestry and Fisheries.
[3]. Green Marketing in India: Emerging Opportunities and Challenges. Author: Pavan Mishra &Payal Sharma, Mishra etal./Journal of Engineering, Science and Management Education/Vol. 3, 2010/9-14.
[4]. Examining the benefits of using bio-CNG in urban bus operations, Author: Fearghal Ryan, Brain Caulfield.
[5]. Biogas Purification and Bottling into CNG Cylinders: Producing Bio-CNG from Biomass for Rural Automotive applications, Author: Virendra K. Vijay, Ram Chandra, Parchuri M. V. Subbarao and ShyamS.Kapdi..

Abstract: The research paper is focused on the design and fabrication of mini multi-tool CNC (MMT CNC) machine. Research is aimed at the suitable selection of measuring parameters for On-machine measurement systems in order to reach an accurate and reliable quality control of the mechanical part. Due to the rapid growth of technology the usage & utilization of CNC machine in industries are increased. The fabrication of low cost CNC machine is used to reduce cost and complexity of machine. This paper deals with the design of automatic mini multi-tool CNC machine that can perform three machining operations i.e. Drilling, Shaping & Surface Machining

[1]. Computer control of Manufacturing Systems by Yoram Koren,1983
[2]. Numerical Control of Machine Tools by S.J. Martin,1998.
[3]. Programming for Numerical Control" by Roberts Prentice,1968
[4]. Automated PCB Drilling Machine using DIP by Jagtap Priyanka Jalindar, Kolekar Ashwini Baburao, Chormale Pallavi Mahadeo and Prof.Trupti Chavan, ISJRD, Volume 4, Issue 02-2016
[5]. N.Balasubramanyam and Prof.Smt.G.Prasanthi "Design and Fabrication of an Automatic PC-Based Drilling Machine", HCTL Open International journal of Technology Innovations and Research, Volume 7, January 2014.

Abstract: This research was conducted to identify the mechanical properties of pineapple leaves fibers composites. Pineapple leaves fibers composites use polyester resin as the matrix. Pineapple leaves that was used in this research was fibers obtained from harvested pineapple leaves. The samples were made with two methods, blending and rubbing methods and by varying the concentration of fibre used (10 %,20%,30%,40% and 50%). From the results of test conducted, there were differences in mechanical properties of pineapples leaves fibre composite material on tensile test and bending test performed. From the tensile test performed, it is found that the best Longitudinal Tensile Strength 25,31 Mpa is found at sample with 30% Blended Fiber and 70% matrix, and the highest Longitudinal Tensile Strain 0,0349 is reached by the sample with 20% rubbed fiber and 80% matrix and the biggest Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity 2673,4 Mpa is obtained from..............

Key Words: Blended Fiber, Rubbed Fiber, Composite, Pineapples Leaves, Mechanical Properties.

[1]. A. Danladi & J. Su'aib.2014. Fabrication and Properties of Pineapple Fibre / High Density Polyethylene Composites. American Journal of Materials Science 2014, 4(3): 139-143. DOI: 10.5923/j.materials.20140403.04
[2]. Dey. S. K. and Satapathy. K. K. 2011 A Combined Technology Package for Extraction of Pineapple Leaf FibreAn Agrowaste, Utilization of biomass and for application in Textiles. National Institute of Research on Jute and Allied Fibre Technology Indian Council of Agricultural Research 1-9.
[3]. Supreet. S, Vinod . B, & L.J. Sedev. Effect of Fiber Length on Thermal Properties of PALF Reinforced Bisphenol: A Composite. The International Journal Of Science & Technoledge (ISSN 2321 – 919X).

Abstract: Laboratory scale studies were carried out for partial utilization of ETP sludge generated from an automobile industry for the development of building products. The chemical properties were determined using XRF show that it is organic and hazardous in nature as it contain phosphate apart from heavy metal ions. Various percentage of ETP sludge (8-15 %) have been used with cement and aggregates for development of road paving blocks by vibro-compaction method. The testing of paving blocks have been carried out for compressive strength and water absorption.............

Key Words: Recycled coarse aggregates, paving blocks, compressive strength, flexural strength, C & D waste, natural aggregates

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[2]. Velchamy S, Singh SM, Negi SS. Solid waste and sludge management in oil industry. In: Wahi SK, Agnihotri AK, Sharma JS, editors. Environment management in petroleum industry. Eastern New Delhi: Wiley; 1993. p. 213.
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[4]. Chih-Haung Weng, Deng-Fong Lin and Pen-Chi-Chiang, 2008. Utilization of sludge as brick materials. Advances in Environmental Research. 7(3) : 679-685.
[5]. J Balasubramanian, PC Sabumon, Lazar John U, and R. Elangovan. 2006. Reuse of textile effluent treatment plant sludge in building materials. Waste Management. 26 (1) : 22-28.