iosr-JMCE   Volume-16 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2019

Abstract: Disposal of solid waste is one of the crucial issues, which is being faced by Indian cities today. Very few Indian cities have designed sanitary engineered landfill site for proper disposal of waste. Most of the cities practice the oldest form of waste disposal by dumping it on open ground. Waste lying on dumping ground decomposes resulting into formation of leachate and infiltration of the same in ground water. Ground water contaminated through leachate mostly has presence of heavy metals. The present study has attempted to reduce the concentration of heavy metal which is found in ground water due to improper waste dumping practices. Phytoremediation technique is adopted for removal of heavy metal from ground water and study has achieved removal/reduction in the same within a span of 10 days, with minimal cost..

Key words: Ground water; Heavy metal; Leachate; Phytoremediation; Waste dumping

[1]. Ramesh Ilangovan, Will India Need a Landfill the Size of Bengaluru By 2030?, https://thewire.in/environment/landfill-solid-waste-cpcb accessed on 28th June 2018
[2]. First post, Aurangabad Garbage Crisis, November 13 ,2018 https://www.firstpost.com/india/aurangabad-garbage-crisis-maharashtra-govt-announces-rs-86-crore-to-tackle-problem-assures-all-waste-will-be-cleared-by-saturday-4393197.html) accessed on 28th June 2018
[3]. Times of India, Waste continues to pile, government to suggest solution today in HC, February 27, 2018
[4]. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/aurangabad/day-11-garbage-continues-to-pile-govt-to-suggest-solution-today-in-hc/articleshow/63085430.cms accessed on 25th June 2018
[5]. Masayuki Sakakibara, Mayuko Sugawara, Sakae Sano and Koichiro Sera (2013), Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated river water by aquatic macrophyte Eleocharis acicularis in a mine site, southwestern Japan, https://www.jrias.or.jp/report/pdf/2013-20E1.2.22.pdf, accessed on January 2018..

Abstract: Proper design of cycle track enables to reduce conflicts between other motorists and it also ensures the safety of cyclists. It has more beneficiary advantages like health, reduction in traffic jams, saving fuel costs, eco mobility transport, environmental friendly etc. The properly designed cycle track provides the travel pattern of motorized as well as nonmotorized vehicles without causing disturbance to large and high speed moving vehicles and also helps in encouraging the bicycle users more. The paper focuses on design of cycle track along with performance analysis using simulation software VISSIM for DVS circle, an uncontrolled intersection in Shivamogga city of Karnataka.......

Key words: Cycle track, Simulation, VISSIM

[1]. IRC : 11-1962, Recommended Practice for the Design and Layout of Cycle Tracks.
[2]. IRC : 11-2015, Recommended Practice for the Design and Layout of Cycle Tracks.
[3]. Akash Krishna Srivastava, Shashank Mishra and DebalinaChakravarty.,Analysis of Bicycle Usage in India: An Environmental
Perspective, International Journal of Innovations & Advancement in Computer Science (IJIACS), 6(8) 2017.
[4]. Vassi. A and Vlastos. T., A review and critical assessment of cycling infrastructures across Europe, The Sustainable City IX, 2014,
757-760.
[5]. C. Dey, S. Roy and M. A. Uddin., Calibration And Validation Of Vissim Model Of An Intersection With Modified Driving
Behavior Parameters, International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 2018, 107-112.

Abstract: Currently, in many countries, where the conversion of combustion vehicles into alternative gas fuel is economically justified, the dominance is the installation of CNG fuel supply systems. Today, according to official data, around 20 million vehicles fueled with this fuel travel on roads around the world, according to figures. This number has doubled in the last 10 years[1]. In the light of the upward trend in conversions, more attention should be paid to the level of exhaust emissions of these vehicles. In the case of conversion of vehicles with a gasoline engine controlled sequentially by the engine computer, it is possible to adapt the parameters of this computer in various driving cycles, affecting........

[1]. Report na CNG portal : NGV Global http://www.ngvglobal.com/blog/tag/alternative-fuels
[2]. E. Anderson, H. Wandrie, J. Celmins i inni: "The GMI Fuel Injected Propane Conversion Vehicle" GMI Engineering & Management Institute Aslam, M.U., Masjuki, H.H., Kalam, M.A., Abdesselam, H., Mahlia, T.M.I., Amalina, M.A., 2006. An experimental investigation of CNG as an alternative fuel for a retrofitted gasoline vehicle. Fuel 85, 717–724

[3]. Hyundai internal petrol ECU documentation

Abstract: The purpose of the testing wheel rim provider firm base on that to suit the tire. Its dimensions, form ought to be appropriate to adequately accommodate the actual tire needed for the vehicle during this study a tire of testing wheel rim happiness to the disc wheel class is taken into account style in a vital industrial activity that influences the standard of the merchandise. The wheel rim is intended by exploitation modeling code catiav5r18. In modeling the time spent in manufacturing the advanced 3D models and therefore the risk concerned in style and producing method will be simply decreased that the modeling of the wheel rim is created by exploitation CATIA. Later this CATIA......

[1]. Manivannan R, Rajasekar R, Gobinath VK 2018 Modelling and analysis of four wheel rim by using PEEK composites. Material Science & Engineering International Journal, Volume 2 Issue 6 – 2018.
[2]. Jufu Jiang, Ying Wang, Gang Chen, Jun Liu, Yuanfa Li, ShoujingLuo 2012 Comparison of mechanical properties and microstructure of AZ91D alloy motorcycle wheels formed by die casting and double control forming. Materials and Design 40 (2012) 541–549, journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/matdes, Received 8 February 2012 Accepted 13 April 2012, Available online 21 April 2012.
[3]. M. Yaman, B.Yegin 2016 A Light Commercial Vehicle Wheel Design Optimization For Weight, Nvh And Durability Considerations 5thAnsa& μETA International Conference, 2016
[4]. VajjaSai Ram, Ch Sridhar Yesaswi, E GopiManohar, B S N V N Sairam, N Anil Kumar 2017 ANALYSIS OF A FOUR WHEELER AUTOMOBILE RIM COATED WITH GRAPHENE NANO PARTICLES International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume 115 No. 6 2017, 17-23, ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version), url: http://www.ijpam.eu , Special Issue
[5]. G. Ragul , C. V Reddy, V. Jaya Kumar, Abhijit Roy, AbhishekSamanta, and C. Sreejith 2017 design, analysis and impact behaviour of magnesium alloys (zk60a) of low pressure die casting for automotive wheels by finite element method VOL. 12, NO. 22, NOVEMBER 2017, ISSN 1819-6608, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences ©2006-2017 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved.

Abstract: The current state of knowledge of cement hydration mechanisms is reviewed, including the origin of the period of slow reaction in cement, the nature of the acceleration period, the role of calcium sulfate in modifying the reaction rate of Tricalcium, Aluminate, the interactions of silicates and aluminates, and the kinetics of the deceleration period. In addition, several remaining controversies or gaps in understanding are identified, such as the nature and influence on kinetics of an early surface hydrate, the mechanistic origin of the beginning of the acceleration period, the manner in which microscopic growth processes lead to the characteristic morphologies of hydration products at larger length scales, and the role played by diffusion in the deceleration period. The review concludes with some perspectives on research needs for the future.

Keywords:  Hydration (A)  Kinetics (A)  Microstructure (B)

[1]. H.F.W. Taylor, P. Barret, P.W. Brown, D.D. Double, G. Frohnsdorff, V. Johansen, D. Ménétrier-Sorrentino, I. Odler, L.J. Parrott, J.M. Pommersheim, M. Regourd, J.F. YoungThe hydration of tricalcium silicateMater. Struct., 17 (1984), pp. 457–468|
[2]. E.M. Gartner, J.M. GaidisHydration mechanisms, IJ. Skalny (Ed.), Materials Science of Concrete, Vol. 1American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH (1989) pp. 95–125
[3]. J.M. Gaidis, E.M. GartnerHydration mechanisms, IIJ. Skalny, S. Mindess (Eds.), Materials Science of Concrete, Vol. 2American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH (1989), pp. 9–39
[4]. E.M. Gartner, J.F. Young, D.A. Damidot, I. JawedHydration of portland cementJ. Bensted, P. Barnes (Eds.), Structure and Performance of Cements (2nd Edition), Spon Press, New York (2002), pp. 57 -113
[5]. S. Glasstone, K.J. Laidler, H. EyringThe Theory of Rate ProcessesMcGraw-Hill, New York (1941)

Abstract: A wing is a type of fin with a surface that produces aerodynamic forces facilitating movement through air and other gases, or water and other liquids. As such, wings have an airfoil shape, a streamlined cross-sectional shape producing lift. Flaps are a type of high-lift device used to increase the lift of an aircraft wing at a given airspeed. Flaps are high lift devices attached to the leading or trailing edge of a wing. They help to increase the value of Lift coefficient and the Stall Angle during the take-off phase of an aircraft. In this paper application of flaps during take-off/landing phase at different angle of attack has been highlighted. By literature review it found that lot of work has been finished on flap wings and lot of research completed on stalling but there is no any work on analysis of effect of combination......

Keywords: Angle of attack, Mach No., Deflection Angle, CFD, NACA, Aerofoil, Lift, Drag, Stalling

[1] Mukesh Didwania*, Dr. Kamal Kishore Khatri, Study of Dynamics of Shock-Vortex Interaction on Flap Wing by CFD tool, International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, ISSN 2229-5518, Volume 10, Issue 2, February-2019, 1540-1548.
[2] A. Abbas a, J. de Vicenteb, E. Valerob, Aerodynamic technologies to improve aircraft performance, Aerospace Science and Technology 28 (2013) 100–132.
[3] Arvind Prabhakar* and Ayush Ohri, CFD Analysis on MAV NACA 2412 Wing in High Lift Take-Off Configuration for Enhanced Lift Generation, Journal of Aeronautics & Aerospace Engineering, 2013.
[4] Cessna Aircraft Company. Cessna Model 172S Nav III. Revision 3 - 12, 2006, p. 4-19 to 4-47.
[5] Karna S. Patel, Saumil B. Patel, Utsav B. Patel, Prof. Ankit P. Ahuja, CFD Analysis of an Aerofoil, International Journal of Engineering Research, Volume No.3, Issue No.3, pp : 154-158.

Abstract: Rise in sea levels is one of the disastrous effects of climate change. A relatively small increase in sea level could affect natural coastal systems (Ami et. al., 2019). The main objective of this study is to assess the saline water intrusion through Rajang river network due to Sea Level Rise (SLR) at the year 2100. To carry out the study, several numerical modelswere developed through a proper calibration process to make the models more reliableand useful. At first, Hydrological Model was developed which providesthe flow contribution in Rajang river network fromrainfall-evaporation dataset. After that, well calibrated Coastal Hydrodynamic and Salinity Model were developed which produce flow pattern and salinity profile respectively within the South China Sea and Rajang estuary . Concurrently, river.............

Keywords: Sea level rise, numerical model, salinity, Rajang river, BatangIgan

[1]. Amalina, I.A.H., Ami, H.M.D., Cheinway, H., Nur, F.K., Astina, T., and Kamaluddin, M.O., (2018). "Contemporary Sea Level Rise Rates Around Malaysia: Altimeter Data Optimization for Assesing Coastal Impact", Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, Volume 166, 15 October 2018, Pages 247-259.
[2]. Ami, H.M.D., Nur, A.Z., Mohammad, H.H., and Wan, A.W.A., (2019). "Sea Level Trend over Malaysian Seas from Multi-mission Satellite Altimetry and Vertical Land Motion Corrected Tidal Data", Advances in Space Research,
[3]. Beck, M.B., (1987). "System Analysis in Water Quality Management." Symposium Proceedings, London, Oxford-Pergama press, 3-63
[4]. Green WH, Ampt GA (1911) Studies on soil physics. Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4: 1-24.
[5]. Maidment DR (1993) Handbook of Hydrology, (1stedn). NewYork, McGraw Hill: 1424