iosr-JNHS   Volume-3 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Nutritional Status, Dietary Practices and Nutrition Related Beliefs of High School Girls in Urban Area of Bangalore City
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Vipna Kumari Bhandari
	:	10.9790/1959-03310106

Abstract: The study was conducted to explore the nutritional status, dietary practices and nutrition related beliefs of high school girls' age between twelve to seventeen years. One hundred and fifty high school girls from two government schools of Bangalore were selected for the study by stratified random sampling. The research design was descriptive analytical and cross sectional. A semi-structural questionnaire was used to collect the data on dietary practices and nutrition related beliefs and observational checklist was used to collect on nutritional parameter. The finding revealed that 72.5% girls were malnourished out of which 69.2% were underweight and 3.3% were overweight. Statistical analysis used was simple proportion and chi-square test which revealed that the majority 76.6% girls were found anemic. It may be due to the poor economic condition as the most of the girls' 78% were belonged to the low and lower middle income families where their parents were partly skilled, unskilled and home-makers. Result shows that there was statistical association between nutritional status and statement of nutrition related beliefs that eating non-vegetarian food and green leafy vegetable improve the quality of blood. As a whole, the dietary practices of high school girls were inadequate. There is a dire need to educate the parents and teachers who must impart knowledge about nutrition related practices accurately.
Key words: Nutritional status, dietary practices, nutrition related beliefs, high school girls

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[2]. WHO. Issues in Adolescence Health and Development. Nutrition in Adolescence – Issues and Challenges for the Health Sector; Geneva: 2005. 11-14. http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2005/9241593660_eng.pdf
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[5]. Kamble Rajkumar M. Nutritional Status of Adolescent girls in Western Konkan of Maharastra. The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics. 2003; (40): 416-422

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Prevalence of Obesity among Infertile Women Visiting Selected Infer tility Clinic at Mangalore with a View to Develop an Informational Pamphlet
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Shanthakumari K , Reena Wilma Frank , Anupama Tamrakar
	:	10.9790/1959-03310710

Abstract: Reproduction is one of the most important biological functions for all life forms. For most couples having children is a primal need and inability to reproduce, infertility can be devastating to individuals and couples1. Infertility is a medical condition characterized by a diminished or absent ability to produce offspring. A couple may be considered infertile if, after two years of regular sexual relation, without contraception, the woman has not become pregnant (and there is no other reason, such as breastfeeding or postpartum amenorrhoea). Infertility may be primary infertility and secondary infertility. Primary infertility is infertility in a couple who have never had a child. Secondary infertility is failure to conceive following a previous pregnancy. It is estimated that 60 to 80 million couples worldwide currently suffer from infertility2. Infertility varies across regions of the world and is estimated to affect eight to twelve percent of couples worldwide. One in every four couples in developing countries had been found to be affected by infertility3. Infertility tends to be highest in countries with high fertility rates, an occurrence termed "barrenness amid plenty2." According to a report conducted by the International Institute of Population Sciences, infertility is growing at an alarming pace, especially in the cities. Out of around 250 million individuals estimated to be attempting parenthood at any given time, 13 to 19 million couples are likely to be infertile. The national census report of the past three decades, viz 2001, 1991 and 1981, showed that infertility has risen by 50 percent in the country. Nearly 30 million couples in the country suffer from infertility, making the incidence rate 10 percent4.

[1] UNFPA. Prevention and management of infertility in primary health care settings. New Delhi, India. Available from url:india.unfpa.org/drive/fertility.pdf
[2] [WHO. Sexual and reproductive health: Global prevalence of infertility, infecundity and childlessness [online]. 2012 Dec. Available from: www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/infertility/burden/en/
[3] Science News from Universities. Global rates of infertility remain unchanged over past 2 decades. Journals, and other research organizations Dec. 18, 2010
[4] Dey S. Infertility rises at alaraming pace in India. English news. 2010 July. 15:04:38.
[5] Kocelak P, Chudek J, Naworska B, Bak-Sosnowska M, Kotlarz D, Mazurek N, et.al. Psychological disturbances and quality of life in obese and infertile women and men. International Journal of endocrinology. 2012; 2012(2012): 14.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge of Primigravidae regarding Selected Aspects of Safe Motherhood
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Anupama Tamrakar , S. Nagaseshamma
	:	10.9790/1959-03311115

Abstract: Every woman during her life span aspires to be a mother but the child birth process is not free of complication. Several complications may arise in different stages of her motherhood i.e., in pregnancy, intranatal and postnatal period. These complications increase the risk of maternal mortality and morbidity. Mothers play vital role in the family. Maternal deaths have negative effects to their family and increase the risk to the survival of their children too. Hence importance of good health and education to a mother's well-being and that of her family and society cannot be overstated. Addressing maternal health means ensuring that all women receive the care they need to be safe and healthy throughout pregnancy and childbirth. Safe motherhood encompasses social and cultural factors, as well as addresses health systems and health policy. Improving maternal health is one of the eight Millennium Development Goals, and great efforts have been put forth to achieve that goal1. Safe motherhood comprise care of mothers in antenatal, intranatal and postnatal period. The ultimate goal of Safe motherhood program in India is to bring down the maternal mortality rate1.
Every day, approximately 800 women die from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth around the world. Among those deaths, ninety nine percentages of all maternal deaths occur in developing countries. Maternal mortality is higher in women living in rural areas and among poorer communities2. India has high maternal mortality rate. The trend report shows that from 1990 to 2010, the annual number of maternal deaths dropped from more than 543,000 to 287,000 – a decline of 47 percent. But still the maternal mortality remains high. The current Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) of India is 212 per one lakh live births. This data shows that there is reduction in the MMR in the year of 2010 which recorded 150 women dying per day and 10 women in every minute3.

[1]. The World Bank: Population and Reproductive Health. Safe Motherhood and Maternal Health. 2013. Available from: URL: http://go.worldbank.org/V5EPGZUL40
[2]. WHO. Maternal Mortality. Fact sheet No. 348. May 2012. Available from: WHO media centre. mediainquiries@who.int.
[3]. UN. A maternal death every 10 minutes in India. Last Updated: Tuesday, July 03, 2012, 08:55. Available from: zeenews.india.com/exclusive/a-maternal-death-every-10…
[4]. UNFPA - Maternal Deaths Halved in 20 Years, but Faster Progress. The report "Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2010". 16 May 2012. Available from: http://www.unfpa.org/public/home/news/pid/10730.
[5]. Ghaffar A, Pongpanich S, Robert S. Chapman, AP, Mureed S, Ghaffar. Provision and utilization of routine antenatal care in rural Balochistan Province, Pakistan: A survey of knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women. Journal of Applied Medical Sciences, 2012; 1(1) , 93-116. ISSN: 2241-2328 (print version), 2241-2336 (online) Scienpress Ltd, 2012.
[6]. Nuraini E, Parker E. Improving knowledge of antenatal care among pregnant women: a field trial in central Java, Indonesia. Asia Pac J Public Health. 2005;17(1):3-8.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Incidence of Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) among Patients Undergoing Major Surgery at General Hospital Funtua, Katsina State, Nigeria.
Country	:	Nigeria.
Authors	:	Dalhatu, A., Olaogun, A., Olayinka, A. T. , Ahmed, S., Timothy. G., Yunusa, U
	:	10.9790/1959-03311621

Abstract: Surgical site infection is one of the most common preventable complications following major surgery and represents a significant burden in terms of patient morbidity, mortality and hospital costs. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving subjects who have undergone major surgery in surgical wards within the period of study. Questionnaires were administered to the 127 respondents alongside with laboratory investigation procedure to obtain data for the study.

[1]. Burk,J.P.(2003). Infection control-A problem for patient safety. . N. Engl. Med, 348:651- 656.
[2]. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention CDC.(2011).Emerging Infectious Disease Journal. Center for Disease Classification, 2011. ISSN: 1080-6059.
[3]. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention CDC.(1992). Definition of nosocomial surgical site infection . a modification of CDC definition of surgical Site infection. Infection control Hospital epidemiology. 13(10)606-608