iosr-JNHS   Volume-6 ~ Issue-3 ~ May-June 2017

Abstract: Enterocutaneous fistulas represent a challenging situation with respect to wound care and stoma therapy. Large wounds with exposed bowel require the utilization of multiple wound care modalities to provide a method of control and isolation of fistula effluent to allow for maximum wound healing. An understanding of the principles of wound care and the various techniques and materials that are available is of vital importance to enhance patient comfort and recovery as well as facilitate fistula healing. Skin barriers, adhesives, dressings, pouches, and negative pressure dressings are all materials that are available in the armamentarium of the enterostomal therapist.............

Keywords: Enterocutaneous fistula (ECF ), pouches , negative pressure dressings, skin barriers and wound management

[1]. Fisher Scott, Enterocutaneous Fistula , Common Surgical Diseases: An Algorithmic Approach to Problem Solving (New York - Springer 1998 ) 164-167

[2]. Holzheimer RG, Mannick JA, Surgical Treatment: Evidence-Based and Problem-Orient (Munich: Zuckschwerdt 2001) NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.
[3]. Irrgang S, Bryant R. Management of the enterocutaneous fistula (continuous education credit) J Enterostomal Ther. 1984;11(6):211–228. [PubMed]

[4]. Draus JM Jr, Huss SA, Harty NJ, Cheadle WG, Larson GM. Enterocutaneous fistula: are treatments improving? Surgery. 2006;140:570–576; discussion 576-578. [PubMed]

[5]. Hollington P, Mawdsley J, Lim W, Gabe SM, Forbes A, Windsor AJ. An 11-year experience of enterocutaneous fistula. Br J Surg. 2004;91:1646–1651. [PubMed]

Abstract: RNTCP was started in 1997 and has covered the entire nation in March 2006. At this time it also became to be known as RNTCP II, which started to initiate services to TB/HIV, MDR-TB and to extend RNTCP to the private sector. With RNTCP both diagnosis and treatment of TB are free. There is also atleast in theory, no waiting period for patients seeking treatment and TB drugs.
Materials and Methods: This observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among a total of 133 graduating interns and PG students. Study tool was in english , pre-designed, pre-tested, self administered , semi constructed questionaire, to collect information relating to transmission, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.The data collected was tabulated, analysed and interpreted by proper statistical methods..............

Keywords: Interns, Knowledge, pulmonary tuberculosis, RNTCP.

[1]. Kakar R. TBfreeworld. Available at; http://www.tbfreeworld.org. Accessed on July 12, 2015.
[2]. WHO. Global tuberculosis report 2014 by WHO. Available at; http://www.Who.int/tb/publications/globalreport/en/. Accessed on July 12, 2015.
[3]. Bogam RR and Sagare SM. Knowledge of tuberculosis and its management practices amongst postgraduate medical students in Pune city. Natl J Community Med 2011;2(1):52-59.
[4]. Basu M, Das P. Assessment of knowledge regarding tuberculosis in the context of revised national tuberculosis control program among budding doctors. Chron Young Sci 2014;5:59-64.
[5]. Patle RA, Khakse GM. Knowledge about Tuberculosis and Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Interns. Natl J Community Med 2014; 5(1): 51-53.

Abstract: In Egypt, breast cancer ranks the first among cancer affecting females. Aim: The aim of this research was to assess breast cancer risk factors and screening practices among women attending Family Health Centers. Design: A descriptive exploratory research design was adopted in this research. Setting: data were collected from two family health centers Ein EL Sera and Abo EL-Sooud family health centers. Sample: A purposive sample was used as all available women in selected family health centers and who fulfill the inclusion criteria were included in this study. Tool for data collection: A breast cancer structured interview questionnaire was developed by researchers. It included three parts; Part I: Demographic characteristics, obstetric history and Knowledge about breast cancer. Part II: Risk factors of breast cancer..............

Keywords: Risk factors, obesity, screening practices

[1]. Al-Zalabani A. H., Alharbi K. D., Fallatah N.I., Alqabshawi R.I. & Al-Zalabani A.A. & Alghamdi. S. M. (2016). Breast Cancer
Knowledge and Screening Practice and Barriers Among Women in Madinah, Saudi Arabia. American Association for Cancer
Education.
[2]. Bray F., Ren J.S., Masuyer E., Ferlay J. (2013).Global cancer prevalence for 27 sites in the adult population. Int J Cancer; 132(5):
1333–1145.
[3]. Faronbi J.O., Abolade, J. (2012). Breast Self Examination practices among female secondary school teachers in a rural community in
Oyo State, Nigeria. Open Journal of Nursing; 2: 111–115.
[4]. Shrivastava S.R., Shrivastava P.S. & Ramasamy J. (2013). Breast- Self Examination: A Tool for Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer.
American Journal of Public Health Research 2013; 1 (6): 135–139.
[5]. Adesunkanmi A.R., Lawal O.O., Adelusola K.A. & Durosimi M.A. (2013). The severity, outcome and challenges of breast cancer in
Nigeria. Epub 15 (3): 399–409.

Abstract: Skin care of critically ill patients plays an important role in prevention of infection, pressure ulcers as well as promotion of hygiene and comfort. The best method of translating evidence to skin care practice is through formulation of evidence based guidelines. Objective: This study was designed to find the level of evidence available regarding skincare of critically ill patients. Methods: Review of all literature available between 1995 and 2015 was done in relevant accessible databases, after defining the search area, terms, limits and search questions. Retrieved evidence was screened for relevance and appropriateness, extracted, synthesized, categorized and graded based on American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN) levels of evidence..............

Keywords: Clinical Nursing Practice Guidelines, Critically ill, Evidence level, Grading evidence, Skin care, Search strategy

[1]. Skin and soft tissue infections in hospitalized and critically ill patients: a nationwide population-based study | BMC Infectious Diseases | Full Text [Internet]. [cited 2017 Apr 25]. Available from: https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2334-10-151
[2]. Session5: Creativity in clinical practice: Reducing pressure damage in critical care - Tags: Abstracts Bedsores— Prevention [Internet]. [cited 2013 Jan 9].Available :http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/abstracts/65928647/session-5-creativity-clinical-practice-reducing-pressure-damage-critical-care
[3]. Grol R, Grimshaw J. From best evidence to best practice: effective implementation of change in patients' care. Lancet [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2013 Jan 29];362(9391):1225–1230. Available :http://www.tractionproject.org/sites/default/files/upload/Events/Mind-the-Gap/Grol_2003_From_best_evidence_to_best_practice.pdf
[4]. Patterson etal. Choosing the Best Evidence to Guide Clinical Practice: Application of AACN Levels of Evidence. Critical Care Nurse, 34 (2), April 2014, 58-69.