iosr-JPBS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-2 ~ March-April 2014

Abstract: The emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria is major problem throughout the world and rational use of antibiotics is therefore very important. Good infection control practice is a critical component for success of such programme. This six months prospective observational study was designed to evaluate the appropriateness of antibiotic use in a secondary care referral hospital of South India. The data of all in patients (n=100) were collected by obtaining a proper consent. Maximum of 52.78% patients had culture sensitivity test being done, which may taken as a indication for being rational. The results revealed that the purpose of antibiotics prescribed was for prophylaxis (15%), empirically (37%) and therapeutically 48%.In the study population (n=49), totally 110 antibiotics were prescribed, 71.88% on dual therapy and 28.12% were on three antibiotics and the mean number of antibiotics prescribed was 2.28. In the overall population, 61.65% were administrated intravenously and 39.35% of oral antibiotics The major organisms identified were E.coli (28.90%) and Amikacin had shown the highest sensitivity in E.coli (86.4%). Totally 31 drugs of antibacterials were listed in National List of Essential Medicine. Out of 31, 15 antibacterials were prescribed in study population.
Keywords: Antibacterials, Antibiotics, Observational study, Prescribing pattern, Rational drug use.

Abstract: The prevalence studies of diabetes among 207 volunteers at General hospital Zambuk was carried out from the month of January – August 2012. Blood samples obtained from volunteers were screened using the fasting blood sugar technique. From the 207 blood samples obtained, 84 (40.6%) were positive. The prevalence rate was 17 (34%) for males and 8 (23.5%) for females within the age group 21-40, 33 (66%) for males and 26 (76.4%) for females within the age group 41 and above. However, none of the samples obtained within the age group 0-21 was positive. This high prevalence rate within the age range of 41 and above is an indication that diabetes is much more evident in the older generation, and control measures need to be in place to check this menace.

Keyword: Age, Gender, Diabetes mellitus

Abstract: Craniofacial Osteosarcoma is a relatively rare entity comprising abourt 6-10% of all sarcomas. We present a rare case of maxillary OS early diagnosed in a 17 year old girl throught clinical, radiological and histological examination.The patient was much younger than the average age of presentation of a jaw tumor,which typically presents in the third to fourth decade of life.

Abstract: The entire galaxy of ours is a giant collection of vibrating strings. Starting from the tiniest molecular level of all materials till the unimaginable vast multiverses – everywhere we can see resonance, not with the eyes under the frontal lobe but with the eyes of M-theory. Harmony is a natural instinct of the cosmos. Every tiny particle that exists in the material world and beyond, has its own natural resonance in which it is constantly vibrating, thus maintaining harmony in the universe (in human conceivable term). When it comes to molecular biology, we call it "homeostasis".

Abstract: Quantitative phytochemical test shows that the pulp contains 3.45% saponin, 57.01%`flavonoids, 7.12% tannin, 0.0001% alkaloids, 0.0001% glycosides, 0.0003% resins, 0.0002% terpenoids, 0.0001% steroids and 0.0003% cyanogenic glycosides.Antinutrient analyses of the pulp show 5.67% oxalate, 0.03% phytates and 0.02% hemagglutanin. Amino acid analyses shows that S.dulcificum pulp contains 8.055% tryptophan, 1.35% phenylalanine, 0.7% isoleucine, 0.5% tyrosine, 1.05% methionine, 0.4% proline, 0.69% valine, 1.1% threonine, 0.4% histidine, 0.5% alanine, 1.02% glutamine, 1.6% glutamic acid, 0.7% glycine, 0.3% serine, 1% arginine, 0.1% aspartic acid, 1.23% asparagine, 0.6% lysine and 0.6% leucine.

Abstract: Tumor necrosis factor- α(TNF- α) it is a cytokine secreted by macrophage and plays a critical role in sperm quality due to it can induced sperm membrane lipid peroxidation by increasing ROS releasing within spermatozoa. Our results were proved that the sperm vitality becomes exceedingly worse due to elevation of TNF-α level in semen.

Abstract: Mix consortia of Bacillus sp was used to decolorize Direct Blue dye 2B. The bacterial cultures exhibited 60 % decolorization ability within 48 h at temperature 40oC and pH 7. Maximum rate of decolorization was observed (60%) when starch was supplemented in the medium. Decolorization of Direct Blue dye 2B was monitored by TLC, which indicated that dye decolorization was due to its degradation into unidentified intermediates.

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus and its complications continue to be one of the highest causes of morbidity and mortality in recent times. Although many drugs are commercially available for use in the management of diabetes, their side effects and high costs underscore the need for herbal alternative drugs. This review presents the profiles of plants with hypoglycaemic properties reported in the literature.

Abstract:This paper describes a simple, accurate and precise HPTLC method for simultaneous determination of Metformin Hydrochloride and Glibenclamide in a bulk as well as in the combined dosages form. During optimization of Mobile phases different solvents viz. butanol, methanol and triethylamine were tried. However resolution between metformin hydrochloride and Glibenclamide was not proper. A mobile phase of Methanol: Water: 0.4 % sodium sulphate in water (7: 5:11) was developed for the densitometric determination of the drug products. Aluminum plate coated with the silica Gel 60 F254 was used as stationary phase. UV spectra were taken in the range of 190 nm to 400 nm. Densitometric evaluation of the separated bands of Metformin hydrochloride and Glibenclamide was performed at 232 nm and at 238 nm respectively.

Abstract: This paper describes a new simple, accurate and precise HPTLC method for simultaneous estimation Ceftriaxone sodium and Tazobactam sodium as bulk and dry powder for injection in combined dosages form. In this method, the densitograms were developed using mobile phase of 1-propanol: Methanol: Diethyl amine: Water (14:2:1:2.5 v/v). Aluminum plate coated with the silica Gel 60 F254 was used as stationary phase. Densitometric evaluation of the separated bands was performed at 288 nm. The Rf values of Ceftriaxone sodium and Tazobactam sodium are 0.50± 0.01 and 0.67 ± 0.01 respectively.

Abstract: The aim of the present study is to estimate the optimum growth conditions of bacterial isolates TS11BP and TS2MCN having lipolytic activity. Materials and methods: Oil degrading bacteria were isolated from soil sample using serial dilution and pour plate method. Bacteria were further identified by morphological and biochemical tests and subjected to lipase production in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask using Rhodamine olive oil medium and Tween 80 medium for 48h of fermentation period at 370C with agitation speed of 150rpm in rotator shaker.