iosr-JPBS   Volume-9 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2014

Abstract: In this study, 60 mice were used which divided into two groups,20 mice control group, 40 mice employed to study of the effect of UVC radiation for one hour/ one day. These mice were left for one day as rest time before treatment with intended seed oil. 20 of these mice were treated with 0.5 ml oral dose from Eruca sativa seed oil (ESO) daily for 21 successive. Sperm head abnormalities induced by uvc radiation and The impact of plant oil in the treatment of sperm head abnormalities (no head, ballon head, thread head, and no head curved tail) were studied in this experiment by using (ESO) which is comprise a range of health-promoting phytochemicals including carotenoids, vitamin C, fibers, flavonoids, glucosinolates, and a large amount of thiofunctionalized glucosinolates along with erucic acid C22:1 (cis-13-docosenoic acid). 10 mice killed from first group(control), 10 mice killed from radiated micsa 10 mice killed after 15 and 21 days of treatment by ESO for sampling The results showing significant effect of radiation on the head abnormalities and highly significant effect of ESO on the sperm head abnormalities after 15 and 20 days.

Key words: ESO, sperm abnormalities, UVC radiation, mice.

Abstract: Urinary tract infections (UTI) represent one of the nosocomial infections in hospitals. One of the most common agents of nosocomial urinary tract infections is an A.baumannii bacteria. In addition to other infections for example, cystitis, acute and chronicpyelonephritis, kidneybladder stone, bacteremia and sepsis, etc. So far, thisisused to identifybacteriastaining and culture methods, whichrequire a long time. The aimed of this studywas to detectbacteria in urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by A.baumanniiusing the principles of serologicalreactions Dot blot method. The result by doing to see the humoral immune responsesecretory-IgA (s-IgA) as antibodyagainstOMPspecificas antigenA.baumanniibacteria.Thisstudy design wasdividedintotwo stages. First stage is an explorativeexperimental to obtain an antigendeliveredform OMP of A.baumannii, followed by the second stage of an experimentallaboratory for the identification of an immune response of s-IgAfrom urine patients suspected of sufferingfrom a bacterial UTI. In addition, ithelps to make a clinicaldiagnosis of UTI cases using dot blot. Urine sampleswithresultsgroupedinto positive and negativebolt bot urine cultures as comparedwith the gold standard.The results of the study also show that the molecular weight of OMP A.baumannii 57.2 kDa responded to s-IgA. An examination was made of the humoral immune response to an antigens-IgA 57.2 kDaA.baumannii. The Dot blot examination and culture examination were based on the gold standard in 110 urine samples obtained at42, 44 with mean cut-off value of sensitivity 71.43 %, specificity 95. 15.%, Positive predictive 50, 00 % and negative predictive 98, 00 %.Clinical application still needs to be done as well as more in-depth research related to the development of this method.

Keywords: Urinary tract infection, A.baumannii, OMP, sIgA, dot blot

Abstract: The effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Zingiber officinale (ginger) on some species of fungi isolated from soil samples collected from two barbers' landfills and some clinical bacterial isolates were studied. The test isolates included Aspergillus flavus, Curvularia lunata, Fusarium solani, Penicillium species, Bacillus species, Citrobacter species and Staphylococcus aureus. The concentrations of the extracts used included 500mg/ml, 250mg/ml, 125mg/ml, 62.5mg/ml and 31.25mg/ml. The aqueous extract of Z. officinale proved to be more antimicrobial on the test organisms than the ethanolic extract with an inhibitory zone diameter of 46mm at a concentration of 500mg/ml. As for the clinical bacteria, S. aureus was the most inhibited, with an inhibitory zone diameter of 35mm by the same aqueous extract at 500mg/ml concentration. The effects of the said aqueous extract of the plant compared favourably with the effects observed from the standard drugs, nystatin 5μg/ml and gentamycin 40mg/ml on the test fungi and bacteria respectively. The implications of the results obtained have been discussed.

Keywords: Fungal isolates, barbers' landfills, clinical bacteria, Zingiber officinale extracts, inhibition

Abstract: A commercial, particular and strong Ion Chromatography method was developed for the quantitative determination of metabisulfite content in Cetrizine Ambroxol syrup. The method was developed using Ion pac AS11HC Column, 250 X 4.6mm X 5.0 m column with mobile phase containing 18mM sodium hydroxide in water. The eluted compounds were monitored using conductivity detector. The developed method was validated as per ICH guidelines with respect to limit of detection(LOD), limit of quantification(LOQ), exactness, reproducibility, ruggedness and robustness. The LOD, LOQ values of metabisulfite were 0.3PPM and 1.0PPM respectively.

Keywords: validation, quantitative determination, Ion Chromatography, Limit of detection, Limit of quantification, Sodium Metabisulfite.

Abstract: Locally produced soymilk was subjected to microbiological analysis(under two storage conditions-ambient and refrigeration) to ascertain their hygienic standard of production and the and the shelf life.Standard microbiological techniques,pour plate method were used in the enumeration of potential spoilage organism in soymilk sample.Result of microbial analysis showed that activities of microorganism were more pronounced in the sample kept at ambient temperature(270C) with bacterial count of 2×103 on the first day after production but later increased to 2.9×104 after six days of storage.There was outstanding difference in the bacterial count of the refrigerated sample as none was observed in the first day after production but later increased to 1.5×104 after the sixth day.Result obtained showed that soymilk can be kept for up to three(3) days at refrigeration temperature(40C).Seven bacterial isolates,Bacillus spp,Enterobacter spp and Escheria coli and three fungal isolates.Aspergillus spp,Rhizopus spp,and Penicillum spp were detected in the soymilk stored at both ambient and refrigeration conditions.The microbial population detected in terms of number and types of microorganism reflected poor hygienic standard of production,constituting a public health hazard among the consumers.The result of statistical analysis carried out revealed that there was significant treatment effect on the growth of microorganism.The implication of this study is that the quality of locally produced soymilk needs to be critically monitored to avoid transmission of infection to consumers.It is also very necessary that local producers should be enlightened about good manufacturing practices and the effect of proper storage as this will ensure products free of pathogenic microorganisms.

Keywords: Soymilk, microbiological spoilage, storage conditions and Pathogens

Abstract: The effect of storage on eosinophil count and evaluation of two major methods of counting eosinophil was carried out in Owerri, Imo State. A total of one hundred (100) subjects were used and they were divided as follows. Adult male patients, adult female patients, sick children and healthy adults as control. The blood samples were analysed for eosinophils on the first day of collection, the second and third day after collection by total (direct) and differential (indirect) methods. The results obtained shows that total eosinophil count in a haemocytometer using a special diluting fluid gave a higher result than the differential eosinophil count using stained blood film; that eosinophils degenerated on storage, that the percentage loss was higher in patients than in healthy subjects and that percentage loss was higher in adult female patients than in adult male patients and sick children. Inspite of the loss of cells due to storage, reliable eosinophil counts may still be obtained in blood stored overnight at 4°C but probably not after 48 hours of storage. This finding may be of value to staff in very busy medical laboratories where overnight storage of samples may sometimes be inevitable.

Keywords: Eosinophil count, haemocytometer, healthy subjects and Imo State.

Abstract: Diabetes, the killer disease is a new threat to the modern world, which rattles the people irrespective of their race, culture, religion and boundaries. The disabilities produced by this devil, changes the affluent as ordinary and poor as paupers. Though it is multifactorial in nature, doubt prevails over the exact cause(s) of its emergence in man. It emerges as habitat non-specific and one of the major non-communicable diseases which draws attention to the modern man. The present study tries to analyze the impact of habitats in addition to socio-economic and anthropometric measures on the level of incidence of Diabetes mellitus in the people of Kanyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. The output of the present investigation on diabetes is explained by a hypothesis (i.e.) culprit hypothesis.

Key words: anthropometric measures, culprit hypothesis, pandemic, vegan, Western Ghats.

Abstract: Ethno pharmacological relevance: Canthium coromandelicum (Burm.f.) Alston (Syn. C. parviflorum) of Family: Rubiaceae is a bushy thorny suffruticose herb, native of India found mainly in coromandelicum region. This plant has been used traditionally in East Asia particularly in India to treat various diseases including GI disorders like gastric ulcer and diarrhea. Aim of the study: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the gastroprotective activity Canthium coromandelicum (Burm.f.) Alston. Materials and methods: Ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract of leaves of Canthium coromandelicum (EA-MECC) was carried out after successive hot extraction processes. Gastroprotective activity was performed by using the protocol of two ulcer induced models namely, pylorus ligation + Aspirin (NSAIDs) and Ethanol/HCl induced models. The macroscopic analysis of stomach, evaluation of gastric content parameters along with invivo antioxidant assays like, malanodialdehyde (MDA), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme assays in various groups of stomach tissue homogenates were done. Histopathological study was also carried out in both the ulcerated models.

Key words: Canthium coromandelicum, Gastroprotective, gastric ulcer, pylorus ligation+ aspirin induced gastric ulcer; Ethanol/HCl induced gastric ulcer