iosr-JVSP   Volume-15 ~ Issue-3 ~ May - June 2025

ABSTRACT: Emerging quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) technology promises new opportunities for efficient digital computation by replacing traditional transistor-based designs. Many contemporary techniques can inherently realize majority-of-three (MAJ) gates, which can be employed to build efficient exclusive-OR (XOR) gates, despite the existence of more direct XOR designs with enhanced physical properties. This study proposes novel multi-digit binary coded decimal (BCD) adder designs that leverage three-input exclusive-OR (XOR3) and MAJ gates for optimal implementation......

Key Word: Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA), Majority-of-three (MAJ) Gates, Exclusive-OR (XOR3) Gates, Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Adder, Area-Delay Product.

[1] Smith, A., "Digital Design And Computer Architecture," 2nd Ed., Morgan Kaufmann, 2009.
[2] Kumar, S., Et Al., "High-Speed Approximate Adders For Signal Processing Applications," Journal Of Signal Processing, Vol. 10, No. 4, Pp. 235-240, 2011.
[3] Johnson, T., "Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Addition And Subtraction," IEEE Transactions On Computers, Vol. 33, No. 6, Pp. 543-549, 1984.
[4] Lent, C.S., Et Al., "Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata: A Novel Approach To Computing," Science, Vol. 271, No. 5253, Pp. 905-907, 1996.
[5] Zhang, J., And Zhan, Z., "Low-Power QCA-Based Arithmetic Circuits," International Journal Of Electronics, Vol. 51, No. 2, Pp. 243-248, 2013.

ABSTRACT: With the comprehensive advance of the new curriculum reform, how to promote the effective application of mathematics culture in teaching has become a topic of wide concern to educators. This paper firstly summarizes the connotation and value of mathematics culture, then discusses the current situation of the application of mathematics culture in high school mathematics teaching, and finally puts forward the application strategy. It includes improving teachers' professional quality, building the atmosphere of mathematics culture and strengthening the connection with other subjects.....

Key words: Mathematical Culture; High School Mathematics Teaching; Application Strategy

[1]. Shi Mingkui.Stimulating Learning Interest and Carrying Forward Mathematics Culture-- The Infiltration of Mathematics Culture in High School Mathematics Classroom Teaching [J]. Mathematics Learning and Research,2018(21):92.
[2]. LI Yannan. On the Application of Mathematics Culture in High School Mathematics Teaching [J]. Prose Hundred (New Chinese Binder),2019(06):91.
[3]. GE Yong. Effective Penetration and Implementation Strategies of Mathematics Culture in High School Mathematics Teaching [J]. Mathematical, Physical and Chemical Problem Research,2022(36):11-13.
[4]. Zhao Guohua. On the Application of Mathematical Culture in High School Mathematics[J]. Huaxia Teachers,2020(14):68.

ABSTRACT: The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) and Inter-Integrated Circuit (I2C) protocols are widely used for communication between microcontrollers, sensors, and other digital devices. The correctness and reliability of these protocols are essential for proper system functioning. Therefore, it is necessary to verify these protocols thoroughly to ensure that they are error-free. In this paper, a novel verification environment is proposed for the verification of SPI and I2C protocols using SystemVerilog. Since, SystemVerilog incorporates......

Key Word: Code coverage; functional coverage; SPI; I2C; System Verilog

[1]. Chetan N, and R. Krishna, “Verification of SPI protocol Single Master Multiple Slaves using System verilog and Universal Verification Methodology (UVM)”, International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, Vol. 11, Issue 7, July 2021.
[2]. Ananthula Srinivas, M.Kiran Kumar, and Jugal Kishore Bhandari., Design and Verification of Serial Peripheral Interface", International Journal of Engineering development and Research, Vol. 1, Issue 3, Dec. 2014, pp. 130 -136.
[3]. System Verilog Tutorial: https://www.chipverify.com/systemverilog/systemverilog tutorial[4].
F.Leens, “An Introduction to I2C and SPI Protocols,” IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine, pp. 8-13, February 2009, DOI: 10.1109/MIM.2009.4762946
[5]. M.Sukhanya, and K.Gavaskar, “Functional Verification Environment for I2C Master Controller using System Verilog”, 2017 4th International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Networking (ICSCN - 2017), March 16 – 18, 2017, Chennai, INDIA, DOI: 10.1109/ICSCN.2017.8085732.

ABSTRACT: The Key Objective is HDL RTL Design Architecture of Ultra high multi Clock Frequency Speed Rate ( MHz, GHz, THz, PHz, EHz, ZHz, etc) Bits Per Second Baud Rate ) P.R.B.S(Pseudo Random Binary Sequence) Transceiver Soft A.S.I.C IP Core product for identification of the property of Different Pseudo Random Binary Sequence Patterns (Seed Words) of 2e7-1, 2e10-1, 2e15-1, 2e23-1, 2e31-1 tapped elements as per C.C.I.T.T-I.T.U Standards and IEEE-754 Single and Double Data Rate Data Precision Standards (32 bit & 64 Bit Data Width ) suited for Very Advanced Futuristic Hi-tech Smart High Speed Long Distance Wireless Digital Communication A.S.I.C Products / Applications like Space/Satellite, Aerospace and Large Data Processing and computing like High Speed Internet and Cloud Computing based Hi-Fi Industrial Data Automation Standard Ultra High Speed......

Key Word: P.R.B.S- Pseudo Random Binary Sequence, Wi-Fi-Wireless Fidelity, F.P.G.A – Field Programmable Gate Array, IDE – Integrated Development Environment. C.C.I.T.T- Consulting Committee for International Telegraph and Telephone, I.T.U- International Telecommunication Union, A.S.I.C- Application Specific Integrated Circuit, E.D.A- Electronic Design Automation

[1]. "ITU-T Recommendation O.150". October 1992.
[2]. Tomlinson, Kurt (4 February 2015). "PRBS (Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence)". Bloopist. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
[3]. Paul H. Bardell, William H. McAnney, and Jacob Savir, "Built-In Test for VLSI: Pseudorandom Techniques", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1987.
[4]. Wikipedia, “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Pseudorandom_binary_sequence”
[5]. Wikipedia “http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Linear_feedback_shift_register.

ABSTRACT: With the comprehensive advance of the new curriculum reform, how to promote the effective application of mathematics culture in teaching has become a topic of wide concern to educators. This paper firstly summarizes the connotation and value of mathematics culture, then discusses the current situation of the application of mathematics culture in high school mathematics teaching, and finally puts forward the application strategy. It includes improving teachers' professional quality, building the atmosphere of mathematics culture and strengthening the connection with other subjects.

Key words: Mathematical Culture; High School Mathematics Teaching; Application Strategy

[1]. Shi Mingkui.Stimulating Learning Interest and Carrying Forward Mathematics Culture-- The Infiltration of Mathematics Culture in High School Mathematics Classroom Teaching [J]. Mathematics Learning and Research,2018(21):92.
[2]. LI Yannan. On the Application of Mathematics Culture in High School Mathematics Teaching [J]. Prose Hundred (New Chinese Binder),2019(06):91.
[3]. GE Yong. Effective Penetration and Implementation Strategies of Mathematics Culture in High School Mathematics Teaching [J]. Mathematical, Physical and Chemical Problem Research,2022(36):11-13.
[4]. Zhao Guohua. On the Application of Mathematical Culture in High School Mathematics[J]. Huaxia Teachers,2020(14):68..