Volume-10 ~ Issue-7 ~ July-2017

Abstract: Degradation of indigo carmine dye(IC) in aqueous solution by Anodic oxidation with a Pd/graphite modified electrode (PdGME) can be applied to the remediation of waste water containing indigocarmine.It indicates that the graphite modified had excellent catalytic performance. The deposited Pd/graphite modified electrode was applied to electrochemical degradation of indigo carmine dye solution. This environmentally friendly method decontaminates completely aqueous solutions of this dye. These finding suggest that electrode based reactive sediment capping via sequential...............

Keywords: Indigocarmine, anodic oxidation, palladium graphite modified electrode, Mineralization

[1] A G S Prado, J D Torres, E A Faria, S C L Dias. Comparative adsorption studies of indigo carmine dye on chitin and chitosan, J. Colloid Interface Sci, 277, 2004, 43.
[2] S Alahiane, S Qourzal, M El Ouardi, MBelmouden, AAssabbane, YAit-Ichou, Adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of indigo carmine dye in aqueous solutions using TiO2/UV/O2, J. Mater. Environ. Sci, 4, 2013, 239.
[3] M A Rauf, S Salman Ashraf, Fundamental principles and application of heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of dyes in solution,Chem. Eng. J, 151, 2009, 10.
[4] R Ganesh, G D Boardman, D Michelsen, Fate of azodyes in sludges, Water Res. 28, 1994, 1367.
[5] A Yadav, S Neraliya, AGopesh, Acute toxicity levels and ethological responses of Channastriatus to fertilizer industrial waste water, J. Environ. Biol., 28, 2007, 159-162..

Abstract: The heavy metals (Pb and Cd) and essential elements (Cu, Fe, Ca and K) of five selected commercial brands of powdered milk produced in Nigeria and marketed within Kaduna metropolis were analyzed Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer and Flame photometer. The protein contents were also determined using Kjeldahl titration. The representative powdered milk samples were coded as M1, M2, M3, M4 and M5. The results showed that the highest concentration of lead was recorded inM2 (0.116 mg/kg) and the lowest inM1 (0.068 mg/kg). Other values of lead obtained were 0.083 mg/kg and 0.097 mg/kg forM4 and M3 respectively..........

Keywords: Powdered milk, Heavy metals, Flame photometer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, Kaduna

[1] A Ali, ENBukar, T Jimoh, N Yusuf, and ZTUmar, Determination of copper, zinc, lead and some biochemical parameters in fresh cow milk from different locations in Niger State. African Journal of food science,5(13),2011, 156-160.
[2] HOrak, M Altun, and E Ercag, Survey of Heavy metals in Turkish White Cheese, Italian Journal of Food Science, 17,2005, 95-100.
[3] NAHuma, ATHameed, and U Rafique, Determination of Zn and Pb in Raw and Processed Milk. Riphah Int. Univ., 1(4), 2005, 11-15.
[4] IAOkada, AMSakuma, FD Mao,S Dovidauskas, and O Zenebon, Evaluation of lead and cadmium levels in milk due to environmental contamination in the Paraiba valley region of South Eastern Brazil, Journal of Public Health,31(2),1997, 140-143.
[5] FASalah, IAEsmat, and AB Mohammed, Heavy metals residues and trace elements in milk powder marketed in Dakahlia Governorate, International Food Research Journal,20(4),2013, 1807-1812..

Abstract: Density Functional Theory (DFT) implemented in ADF 2012.01 was used to study the structures of three macro-cyclic paramagnetic hexa coordinated complexes: [L3M]2+ {M=V(II), Ni(II)}, and [L3Cr]3+ where L=1,10-phenanthroline having symmetry point group D3 to calculate their spectrochemical parameters. The software was run by using Single Point, Default, Relativity, Spin Orbit, ZORA, Unrestricted, None, Collinear, Nosym using TZP or TZ2P Basis sets in ESR/EPR/EFG/ZFS Program to obtain ESR, parameters: g11, g22, g33, giso, a11, a22, a33, Aten after the pre- optimization of the complexes.............

Keywords: Chemical Shift, Total NMR Shielding Tensor, Nuclear Quadrupole Coupling Constant, Effective Spin Hamiltonian, Asymmetric Coefficient

[1] Tai, X. S., Li, Y. F., and Zhao, W. H. (2014) Synthesis and crystal structure of tris(1,10-phenanthroline)-nickel(II) diperchlorate, J. Chem. Phar. Res. 6, 869-873.
[2] Ma, S., Fillinger, J. A., Ambrogio, M. W., Zuo, J.-L., and Zhou, H.-C. (2007) Synthesis and characterizations of a magnesium metal–organic framework with a distorted (10, 3)-a-net topology, Inorg. Chem. Commun. 10, 220-222.
[3] Tai, X. S., Li, Y. F., and Zhao, W. H. (2014) Synthesis and crystal structure of Mg (II) complex with 3-amino-2-pyrazinecarboxylic acid ligand J. Chem. Phar. Res. 6, 516-520.
[4] Liu, C.-M., Zhang, D.-Q., Qin, A.-J., Ye, C., Hu, H.-M., and Zhu, D.-B. (2002) A Novel Nickel(II) Complex Adopting a cis-Configuration: Solvothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [NiL2(H2O)4] (L = 1,4-Dihydropyrazine-2,3-dione-5,6-dicarboxylate), Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2002, 1595-1598.
[5] Soriego, R., Farias, L., and Moya, S. A. (1997) Complexes with heterocyclic nitrogen ligands—IV: complexes of ruthenium(II) and applications in catalysis, Polyhedron 16, 3847-3850..

Abstract: An environmentally benign and efficient reaction was developed for the preparation of (E)-(2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)(pyridin-4-yl)methaniminium in the presence of water acting solvent and also catalyst with very high yield. In which, amine exchange and condensation reaction taken place between N-salicylidene aniline and isonicotinic acid hydrazide yields a novel methaniminium hydrazone at one step and very short time. The compound was structurally characterized by using single crystal X-RD...........

Keywords: Amine exchange reaction, Condensation reaction, Hypochromism, Methaniminium, Spectroscopy

[1] S. Patai, The Chemistry of Carbon–Nitrogen Double Bond (Interscience, New York, 1970) 149-180.
[2] Daniel J. Hutchinson, Scott A. Cameron, Lyall R. Hanton and Stephen C. Moratti, Sensitivity of Silver(I) Complexes of a Pyrimidine–Hydrazone Ligand to Solvent, Counteranion, and Metal-to-Ligand Ratio Changes, Inorg. Chem. 51(9), 2012, 5070–5081.
[3] Shane M. Wilkinson, Timothy M. Sheedy and Elizabeth J. New, Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Complexes with Schiff Base Ligands, J. Chem. Educ. 93(2), 2016, 351–354.
[4] H.N. Dogan, A. Duran, S. Rollas, G. Sener, Y. Armutak and M. Keyer-Uysal, Synthesis and structure elucidation of some new hydrazones and oxadiazolines: anticonvulsant activities of 2-(3-acetyloxy-2-naphthyl)-4-acetyl-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazolines, Med. Sci. Res. 26(11),1998, 755- 758.
[5] R. Kalsi, M. Shrimali, T. N. Bhalla and J. P. Barthwal, Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of indolyl azetidinones, Indian J. Pharm. Sci. 41, 2006, 353-359..

Abstract: An environmentally benign and efficient reaction was developed for the preparation of (E)-(2-(2-hydroxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)(pyridin-4-yl)methaniminium in the presence of water acting solvent and also catalyst with very high yield. In which, amine exchange and condensation reaction taken place between N-salicylidene aniline and isonicotinic acid hydrazide yields a novel methaniminium hydrazone at one step and very short time. The compound was structurally characterized by using single crystal X-RD...........

Keywords: Amine exchange reaction, Condensation reaction, Hypochromism, Methaniminium, Spectroscopy

[1] S. Patai, The Chemistry of Carbon–Nitrogen Double Bond (Interscience, New York, 1970) 149-180.
[2] Daniel J. Hutchinson, Scott A. Cameron, Lyall R. Hanton and Stephen C. Moratti, Sensitivity of Silver(I) Complexes of a Pyrimidine–Hydrazone Ligand to Solvent, Counteranion, and Metal-to-Ligand Ratio Changes, Inorg. Chem. 51(9), 2012, 5070–5081.
[3] Shane M. Wilkinson, Timothy M. Sheedy and Elizabeth J. New, Synthesis and Characterization of Metal Complexes with Schiff Base Ligands, J. Chem. Educ. 93(2), 2016, 351–354.
[4] H.N. Dogan, A. Duran, S. Rollas, G. Sener, Y. Armutak and M. Keyer-Uysal, Synthesis and structure elucidation of some new hydrazones and oxadiazolines: anticonvulsant activities of 2-(3-acetyloxy-2-naphthyl)-4-acetyl-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazolines, Med. Sci. Res. 26(11),1998, 755- 758.
[5] R. Kalsi, M. Shrimali, T. N. Bhalla and J. P. Barthwal, Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of indolyl azetidinones, Indian J. Pharm. Sci. 41, 2006, 353-359..

Abstract: Polyamide hydrazide is synthesized by from IPC and BABH poly amide hydrazide is analysed by X-ray diffraction show crystalline in polymer. Thermal properties by TGA. Synthesis of poly (1,2,4 triazole)s from orthophosporic acid P2O5, polyhydrazide and aniline analysis of poly(1,2,4-triazole)s by IR spectrum absorption bands of triazole ring breathing vibrations with disappearance of hydrazide bands. Synthesis of poly (1,2,4 oxadiazole)s from poly (ami..........

Keywords: Polyhydrazide, Polyamide hydrazide, Polyoxadiazoles, Poly (1,2,4-Oxadiazole)s.

[1] St. Clair, T.L.; In; Wilson, D.; Stenzenberger, H.D.;Hergenrother, P.M., Eds.; Polyimides; New York:Blackie, Chap.4(19940).
[2] Sadavarte, N.V.; Halhalli, M.R.; Avadhani, C.V.; Wadaonkar, P.P.; Polym.J.;45, 582 (2009).
[3] Vibhute, S.S.; Joshi, M.D.; Wadgaonkar, P.P.; Patil, A.S.; Maldar, N.N.; J.Polym.Sci.Polym.Chem.; 35, 3227 (1997).
[4] Honkhambe, P.N.; Avadhani, C.V.; Wadgaonkar, P.P.; Salunkhe, M.M.; J.Appl.Polym. Sci.; 106, 3105 (2007).
[5] Ubale, V.P.; Sagar, A.D.; Maldar, N.N.; Birajdar, M.V.; J.Appl.Polym. Sci.; 79, 566 (2001)...

Abstract: Polyamide hydrazide is synthesized by from IPC and BABH poly amide hydrazide is analysed by X-ray diffraction show crystalline in polymer. Thermal properties by TGA. Synthesis of poly (1,3,4 triazole)s from orthophosporic acid P2O5, polyhydrazide and aniline analysis of poly(1,3,4-triazole)s by IR spectrum absorption bands of triazole ring breathing vibrations with disappearance of hydrazide bands. Synthesis of poly (1, 3, 4 oxadiazole)s from poly (amide hydrazide ) and PoCl3. Convesion of hydrazide group into 1,3,4 oxadiazole ring is monitored by FTIR.

Keywords: Polyhydrazide, Polyamide hydrazide, Polyoxadiazoles, Poly (1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole)s.

[1] St. Clair, T.L.; In; Wilson, D.; Stenzenberger, H.D.;Hergenrother, P.M., Eds.; Polyimides; New York:Blackie, Chap.4(19940).
[2] Sadavarte, N.V.; Halhalli, M.R.; Avadhani, C.V.; Wadaonkar, P.P.; Polym.J.;45, 582 (2009).
[3] Vibhute, S.S.; Joshi, M.D.; Wadgaonkar, P.P.; Patil, A.S.; Maldar, N.N.; J.Polym.Sci.Polym.Chem.; 35, 3227 (1997).
[4] Honkhambe, P.N.; Avadhani, C.V.; Wadgaonkar, P.P.; Salunkhe, M.M.; J.Appl.Polym. Sci.; 106, 3105 (2007).
[5] Ubale, V.P.; Sagar, A.D.; Maldar, N.N.; Birajdar, M.V.; J.Appl.Polym. Sci.; 79, 566 (2001)..

Abstract: Micronutrients are vital for plant growth and human health. Soil and foliar applications are the most prevalent methods of micronutrient addition but the cost involved and difficulty in obtaining high quality micronutrient fertilizers are major concerns with these in developing countries. Although required in minute quantities however, micronutrients have the same agronomic importance as macronutrients and play vital roles in the growth of plants. The transformation from the fallow and shifting cultivation practices prevalent among farmers to intensive continuous cultivation of soils and the use...........

Keywords: Micronutrients, Soil properties, zinc,iron, Copper, manganese, etc.

[1]. Nazif, W., Perveen, S. and Saleem, I. (2006).Status of Micronutrients in soils of District Bhimber (Azad Jammu and Kashmir).Journal of Agriculture and Biological Science, 1: 34-40.
[2]. Wilson, S. D. and David, T. Quadratic variation in old- field species richness along gradients of disturbance and nitrogen.Ecology, 2002, 83: 492–504.
[3]. Hartemink, E (2010). Land use change in the tropics and its effect on soil fertility. 19th World Congress of Soil Science, Soil Solutions for a Changing World 1 – 6 August 2010, Brisbane,Australia.Published on DVD.
[4]. Smaling EMA (1995). The balance may look fine when there is nothing you can mine: Nutrient stocks and flows in West African Soils. IN Proceedings of a Seminar on The Use of Local Mineral Resources for Sustainable Agriculture in West Africa, In H Gerner and AU Mokwunye (Eds.), IFDC-Africa, November 21-23, 1994.
[5]. Bationo A, Hartemink A, Lungu O, Naimi M, Okoth P, Smaling E, Thiombiano L 2006). African Soils: Their Productivity and Profitability of Fertilizer Use. Background paper prepared for the African Fertiliser Summit,June 9-13,2006,Abuja,Nigeria..

Abstract: In the present study, an attempt was made on green synthesis and characterization of ZnS nanoparticles from edilble mushroom. The biosynthesis of ZnS was made from the aquous extract of edible mushroom, Pleurotus florida and authenticated using UV- Vis Spectroscopic analysis. ZnS nanoparticles were purified with aquous – ethanol precipitation method and obtained as crystalline materials. The pure form of ZnS nanoparticles was sequentially subjected for FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDAX, and TEM analysis for nanostructural characterization. In order to evaluate the biopotential properties..........

Keywords: ZnS nanoparticles, Pleurotus florida, green synthesis, green gram

[1]. Senapati US, Jha DK, Sarkar D (2013) "Green Synthesis and Characterization of ZnS nanoparticles" Research Journal of Physical Sciences ISSN 2320–4796, 1(7): 1-6.
[2]. Malarkodi C, Annadurai G (2013) A novel biological approach on extracellular synthesis and characterization of semiconductor zinc sulfide nanoparticles. Applied Nanoscience. 3(5): 389-395.
[3]. Baishya U, Sarkar D (2011) Structural and optical properties of zinc sulphide-polyvinyl alcohol (ZnS-PVA) nanocomposite thin films: effect of Zn source concentration. Bulletin of Materials Science. 34(7): 1285-1288.
[4]. Waghmare SS, Deshmukh AM, Kulkarni SW, Oswaldo LA (2011) Biosynthesis and Characterization of Manganese and Zinc Nanoparticles. Universal Journal of Environmental Research & Technology. 1:64-69.
[5]. Hussain I, Brust M, Papworth A J, Cooper AI (2003) Preparation of acrylate-stabilized gold and silver hydrosols and gold-polymer composite films. Langmuir. 19(11): 4831-4835..

Abstract: To assess the properties of pyridinium substituted porphyrins, new meso-porphyrinic derivative namely 5-mono-(4-pyridinum)- 10,15,20-tris-(4-carboxymethylphenyl)porphyrin MPyEt3 and 5-mono-(4-pyridinum)-10,15,20-tris-(4-carboxymethylphenyl)-21,23-Zn(II)-porphine MPyEt3Zn were synthesized in high yields. The porphyrin ester PyEt3 was synthesized through a conventional method. Direct meso-substituted pyridyl derivatives of porphyrins prefer alkylation producing pyridinium ions for inducing water-solubility. The structures of the free-based porphyrin ligand and Zn(II) complex were confirmed through UV-Vis, emission, 1H-NMR, and ESI HRMS spectral data..........

Keywords: Water-soluble meso-porphyrinic derivative, Zn(II) complex, MTT Assays, AGS cell line, Sw480 cell line.

[1] J.P. Celli, B.Q. Spring, I. Rizvi, C.L. Evans, K.S. Samkoe, S. Verma, B.W. Pogue, T. Hasan, Imaging and photodynamic therapy: Mechanisms, monitoring and optimization, Chem. Rev., 110, 2010, 2795-2838.
[2] E. Stockfleth, W. Sterry, New treatment modalities for basal cell carcinoma, Recent Results Cancer Res., 160, 2002, 259-268.
[3] [3] D.E.J.G. J Dolmans, D. Fukumura, R.K. Jain, Photodynamic therapy for cancer, Nat. Rev. Cancer, 3, 2003, 380-387.
[4] S.B. Brown, E.A. Brown, I. Walker, The present and future role of photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment, Lancet Oncol., 5, 2004, 497-508.
[5] K.M. Kadish, K.M. Smith, R. Guilard, Synthesis of meso substituted porphyrins, The Porphyrin Handbook, 11 (New York: Academic Press, 2002) 45-118.

Abstract: Polyprrole-CuO nanocomposite is synthesized by chemical oxidation method using an anhydrous ferric chloride (Fecl3) as an oxidizing agent. PPy/CuO nanocomposite prepare with varying amounts of Copper(II) Oxide (0.1g, 0.5g wt%). These composites are characterized such as structure, thermal stability, surface morphology and electrical conductivity. The surface morphology is studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and structure by X-ray diffraction Technique..........

Keywords: Polypyrrole, Nanocomposite, X-ray diffraction, SEM, Conductivity.

[1] Jing,S.,et al: Synthesis and characterization of Ag/polypyrrole nanocomposite based on silver nanoparticles collid.Mater.Lett 61(23-
24),4528-4530 (2007).
[2] Chen S., Zhitomirsky, I.: Influence of dopants and Carbon nanotubes on polypyrrole electropolymerization and capacitive
behavior.Mater.Lett.98, 67-70(2013).
[3] J.Zang, X.Li, In Situ Synthesis of Ultrafine β-MnO2 /PPy nanorod Composite for high-performance Super Capacitors,
J.Mater.Chem.21(2011)10965-10969.
[4] H.C.Pant, M.K.Pata, S.C.Negi, A.Bhatiya, S.R.Vadera, N.Kumar,Bull,Mat
[5] Y.He, A novel emulsion route to sub-micro meter Polyaniline/nano-ZnO Composite fiber' Applied Surface science, Vol.249, pp 7-
18,2010.

Abstract: This work assesses the effects of solid waste disposal on ground water quality in selected boreholes and tube wells in Kano metropolis North West Nigeria. The methodology involved the collection of water samples from tube wells and boreholes located within the vicinity of waste dump sites at Sharada, Gyadi-gyadi, Maimalari and hajj camp. Control points were selected 8km away from the dumpsites. Samples collected were analyzed for their physical, chemical and biological properties. The quality parameters varied as follows: Electrical conductivity varied from 126-149 uS/cm , Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) from 410-600 mg/L and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) from 16.4-18.2 mg/L..........

Keywords: Bore hole, Tube well, Dump site, Ground water, Point, Leachate.

[1] Adekunle, I. M., Adetunyi, M. T., Gbadebo, A. M. and Banjoko, O. B. (2007). Assessment of Groundwater Quality in a typical rural settlement South west Nigeria. Int. J. Environmental Res. Public Health, 4(4): 37 - 318.
[2] Al-Tairah, S. (2004). Groundwater pollution in the city of Benghazi. Master's Thesis, University of Gar younes, Libya.
[3] Anikwe, M.A.N., Nwaobodo, K.C.A., Long term effect of Municipal Waste Disposal on Soil Properties and Productivity of Sites Used for Urban Agriculture in Abakaliki, Nigeria, Bio-resource Technology 83 (2002): 241-250.
[4] Dawes, L. and Goonetillseke, A. (2001). The importance of site assessment in designing effluent disposal areas, In: Smith, D. W., Fityus, S. G. and Allman, M. A.(eds.); Environmental geotechnics. Australian Geomechanics Society, Pp: 287 – 293.
[5] FME (2001). National Guidelines and Standards for Water Quality in Nigeria. Federal Ministry of Environment Rishab Printing Press Production, Lagos, Nigeria.

Abstract: This study was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Management of Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria in 2016 to determine soil chemical properties and yield of cucumber as affected by biochar, wood ash and rice husk dust application in Abakaliki Southeastern Nigeria. Four treatments were laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with five replicates. Treatments were 5 tha-1 each of T1 (Rice husk dust), T2 (Biochar) and T3 (Woodash) while T0 is plot with no application of amendment was used as control..........

Keywords: Amendment, cultivation, fertility, wastes, yield

[1] Adeleye E.O, Ayeni L.S and Ojeniyi S.O. (2010). Effect of poultry manure on soil physico- chemical properties, leaf nutrient contents and yield of yam (Dioscorea rotundata) on alfisol in southwestern Nigeria. J. Am. Sci. 6(10): 956 – 959.
[2] Allison, F.E. (2001). Soil Organic Matter and it's Role in Crop Production. Elserver New York.
[3] Ayeni L.S, Adetunji M.T. and Ojeniyi S.O. (2008). Comparative nutrient release from cocoa pod ash, poultry manure and NPK 20:10:10 fertilizer and their nutrient combinations. Incubation study. Nigerian J. Soil Sci. 18:114–123.
[4] Brady, N.C. and Weil, R.R. (2002). The nature and properties of soils. New Jersey, Pearson Education. Inc. 839p.
[5] Bramryd T, Fransman B (1995) Silvicultural use of wood ashes— effects on the nutrient and heavy metal balance in a pine (Pinus sylvestris, L) forest soil. J.Water Air Soil Poll 85:1039–1044.

Abstract: In this article, the inverse problem for the singular Sturm-Liouville operator is studied. A set of values of eigenfunctions in some internal point and spectrum are given as a data. Uniqueness theorems are also obtained.

[1] G. Borg, Eine Umkehrang der Sturm-Liouvilleschen Eigenwertaufgabe, Acta Math. 78 (1946), 1-96.
[2] V.A. Ambarzumyan, Über eine frage der eigenwerttheorie, Z. physics. 53 (1929) 690-695.
[3] I.M. Gelfand and B.M. Levitan, On the determination of a differential equation from its spectral function, Izv. Akad. Nauk SSR. Ser. Mat. 15 (1951), 309-360 (in Russian); English transl. in Amer. Math. Soc. Transl. Ser. 2 (1) (1955), 253-304.
[4] F. Gesztesy and B. Simon, Inverse spectral analysis with partial information on the potential II, The case of discrete spectrum, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 352(6) (2000), 2765-2787.
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Abstract: Cellulose was isolated from a well pre-treated mill of sugarcane bagasse using a mixture of NaOH/KOH. The sugarcane bagasse cellulose was dissolved in an aqueous mixture of NaOH/urea precooled to -8 oC in a salt-ice bath. The cellulose solution was reacted with phthalic, maleic and acetic anhydrides in the presence of sodium acetate for 6 h giving the esterification products. The pure cellulose and the modified materials were characterized using FTIR and thermogravimetric analyses. A comparison of the FTIR spectra of the native cellulose and the modified moieties reveal that the appearance of new peaks at 1716, 1719 and 1720 cm-1 in the spectra of the modified materials..........

Keywords: Acid anhydrides, Cellulose, Cellulose dissolution, Modification, Thermal analysis

[1] J. cai, L. Zhang, J. Zhou, H. Qi, H. Chen, T. Kondo, X. Chen and B. Chu, Multifilament Fibers Based on Dissolution of cellulose in NaOH/Urea Aqueous Solution: Structure and Properties," Adv. Mater., 19, pp. 821-825, 2007.
[2] H. Chen, Biotechnology of Lingocellulose: Theory & Practice, Beinjing: SpringerScience, 2014, pp. 25-71.
[3] N. V. Kenyazera, N. Konshin, N. A. Chemeris and M. M. Chemeris, "Synthesis of Cellulose Esters with Aliphatic Hydroxy acids from Aspen Wood," Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, vol. 81, no. 6, pp. 1087 - 1089, 2008.
[4] J. G. Frick Jr and H. J. J. Robert, "Crosslinking cotton cellulose with Aldehydes," Journal of Applied polymer Science, vol. 27, pp. 983 - 988, 1982.
[5] J. X. Sun, X. F. Sun, H. Zhaoa and R. C. Sun, "Isolation and Characterization of cellulose from sugarcane bagasse," Polymer Degradation and stability, vol. 84, pp. 331-339, 2004.

Abstract: A synthetic protocol has been developed for the arylation of N-alkylated tertiary amide and secondary amide as Heck precursors by the implementation of the palladium-catalyzed intramolecular Heck reaction strategies and by this methodology pyridocoumarin derivative have been synthesized.

Keywords: 7- Amino coumarin. Biaryl coupling, Heck reaction, Intramolecular cyclization, Palladium catalysts, Pyridocoumarin.

[1] Hassan, J.; Sevignon, M.; Gozzi, C.; Schulz, E.; Lemaire, M. Chem. Rev. 2002, 102, 1359
[2] Tsuji, J. Palladium Reagents and Catalysts; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 2004, 176;
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[4] Echavarren, A. M.; Go´mez-Lor, B.; Gonza´lez, J.; de Frutos, O´ . Synlett , 2003, 585.
[5] Dyker, G. Chem. Ber. 1997, 130, 1567;
[6] Miura, M.; Nomura, M. Topics in Current Chemistry 2002, 219, 212;

Abstract: The reaction of o-Phenylenediamine with Anthranilic acid yield compound 2-(1H-Benzimidazole-2-yl)aniline the compound (1) was condensed with hydrazine hydrate in presence of ethylene glycol at 50 C to get compound 2-(2-hydrazinylphenyl)-1H-benzimidazole Further it to then reacted with corresponding aromatic aldehyde to get 2-{2-[(2E)-2-benzylidenehydrazinyl]phenyl}-1H-benzimidazole. The compound were synthesized in good yield and their structure were confirmed by IR, GCMS and NMR mass spectral data and elemental analysis. And tested for antibacterial activities...........

Keywords: 2 Aminobenzimidazole, o-Phenylenediamine, Anthranilic acid and biological activity.

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