Volume-18 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2025

Abstract: Researchers today exhibit great enthusiasm for utilizing agro-waste and mineral-based adsorbents to eliminate heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions as well as industrial effluents. Adsorbents, which are solid materials, play a crucial role in eliminating impurities such as heavy metals from water—substances hazardous to both human state as well as the environment. The environment is a precious gift from God to all living beings, and safeguarding the earth's natural resources through careful planning and management is essential for the well-being of present and future generations.......

Keywords: Agricultural waste, minerals, Adsorbents, wastewater treatment.

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Abstract: Bivalirudin is a peptide medication derived from natural peptide, Hirudin. One unknown peptide impurity was observed in stability studies sample provided by pharmaceutical company Piramal Pharma Ltd at RRT 0.44. It was purified using open column chromatography and preparative HPLC to 98.03% for chemical characterization. High Resolution Mass Spectrometry based Amino Acid Sequencing was carried out to get amino acid sequence. It has provided sequence of total 18 amino acids as Arginine –Proline – Glycine – Glycine – Glycine – Glycine – Asparagine – Glycine – Aspartic acid – Phenylalanine – Glutamic acid – Glutamic acid – Isoleucin – Proline – Glutamic acid – Glutamic acid – Tyrosine – Leucine........

Keywords: Bivalirudin, COSY, DEPT, HSQC, HMBC.

[1]. Carlos A. Valdes, Sharaf OM, Bleiweis MS, Jacobs JP, Mumtaz M, Sharaf RM, Jeng EI and Peek GJ (2023), Heparin-based versus bivalirudin-based anticoagulation in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A systematic review, Front. Med, 10:1137134
[2]. Vyatkina K., (2022) Validation of De Novo Peptide Sequences with Bottom-Up Tag Convolution, Proteomes 2022, 10, 1, https:// doi.org/10.3390/proteomes10010001
[3]. Jing Li, Sanbao Chen, Sicong Ma, Mingque Yang, Zizhao Qi, Kun Na, Miaohan Qiu, Yi Li, and Yaling Han, (2022), Safety and Efficacy of Bivalirudin versus Unfractionated Heparin Monotherapy in Patients with CAD and DM Undergoing PCI: A Retrospective Observational Study, Cardiovascular Therapeutics, Volume 2022, Article ID 5352087, 10 pages
[4]. Kostromina M.A., Tukhovskaya E.A., Shaykhutdinova E.R., Slashcheva G.A., Ismailova A.M., Palikov V.A., Palikova Y.A., Dyachenko I.A., Kravchenko I.N., Sadovnikova E.S., (2021), Screening of the Promising Direct Thrombin Inhibitors from Haematophagous Organisms. Part I: Recombinant Analogues and Their Antithrombotic Activity In Vitro, Biomedicines 2022, 10, 11
[5]. Alessandra Basso, (2019), Development of a novel combined IEX-RP chromatographic process for the purification of bivalirudin, CHROMATOGRAPHY TODAY, August / September 2019

Abstract: Phenolic plant metabolites are bioactive compounds with significant antioxidant and therapeutic potential, making them valuable for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications. Bridelia ferruginea, a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine, is a promising source of these compounds. However, their extraction efficiency depends critically on the methodology and solvent-to-solid ratio employed. This study systematically compared conventional maceration (MAC) and ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) for recovering polyphenols and flavonoids from B. ferruginea stem bark, while evaluating the influence of solvent-to-solid ratios (1/60, 1/80, 1/120 g/mL).........

Keywords: Bridelia ferruginea, ultrasonic-assisted extraction, maceration, phenolic compounds, solid-liquid ratio.

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