Volume-19 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2026

Abstract: A highly efficient, eco-friendly, and simple one-pot three-component synthesis of fused [1,2,4] triazoloquinazolinone derivatives has been developed utilizing sulphanilic acid (4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid) as an inexpensive, non-toxic, and readily available solid acid catalyst. The reaction involves the multicomponent condensation of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, substituted aromatic aldehydes, and dimedone (or 1,3-cyclohexanedione) under ethanol reflux conditions. Optimized reaction parameters (10 mol% sulphanilic acid in EtOH at 78°C) afforded the target heterocycles in high to excellent yields (88-96%) within significantly shortened reaction times.....

Keywords: Sulphanilic acid, Multicomponent reaction, One-pot synthesis, [1,2,4] Triazoloquinazolinones, Green chemistry, Solid acid catalyst

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Abstract: Abstract Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites are increasingly recognized as sustainable alternatives to synthetic fiber-reinforced polymer composites. This study aimed to evaluate the mechanical, physical and morphological characteristics of chemically-treated coconut fruit fiber (CFF) reinforced vinyl ester composites. The coconut fibers were subjected to the sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and zinc chloride (ZnCl ) treatments before being used to manufacture composites. The composites of different fiber contents were tested for tensile strength, flexural....

Keywords: Coconut fruit fiber; Vinyl ester composite; Zinc chloride treatment; Sodium hydroxide treatment; Mechanical properties; Water absorption

[1]. Shahid, M. U., Shahid, M. N., Ahmad, Z., Abdullah, H. M., & Azad, M. M. (2026). Circular Valorization Of Agricultural,
Industrial, And Post-Consumer Waste Into Fiber-Reinforced Composites For Environmental Sustainability. Environmental
Research, 299, 124287. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Envres.2026.124287
[2]. Ajayi, N., Rusnakova, S., Ajayi, A., Ogunleye, R., Agu, O. S., & Amenaghawon, A. (2025). A Comprehensive Review Of Natural
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites As Emerging Materials For Sustainable Applications. Applied Materials Today, 43, 102666.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Apmt.2025.102666
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Reinforcement In Polymer Composites. International Journal For Research In Applied Science And Engineering Technology,
12(11), 1666-1679.
Https://Doi.Org/10.22214/Ijraset.2024.65423
[4]. Gobind, & Singh, T. (2026). A Comprehensive Review On Sustainable Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite. International Journal
Of Scientific Research In Science, Engineering And Technology, 13(2), 352–360. Https://Doi.Org/10.32628/IJSRSET2613206
[5]. Dubey, S. C., Patil, S., Mishra, V., & Sharma, A. (2026). Agricultural Waste Fiber/Filler Composites: A Review On Physical,
Mechanical And Wear Behaviour. Discover Applied Sciences, 8, 10. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S42452-025-07911-4

Abstract: The successful deployment of green hydrogen systems requires rigorous information acquisition before large-scale capital commitment, analogous to the reconnaissance strategies employed by many animal species prior to resource-intensive actions. This perspective paper examines the state of the art of hybrid renewable energy systems for green hydrogen production through the lens of bio-inspired information-gathering processes. We map natural behaviors—scouting, environmental sampling, risk assessment, and adaptive decision-making—onto the technical pipeline...

Keywords: green hydrogen; hybrid renewable systems; multi-objective optimization; bio-inspired algorithms; Hippopotamus Optimization; NSGA-III; northern Sinaloa; Mexico; information gathering; Pareto front

[1]. Terlouw, T., Bauer, C., McKenna, R., & Mazzotti, M. (2022). Large-scale hydrogen production via water electrolysis: a techno-economic and environmental assessment. Energy & Environmental Science, 15, 3583–3602. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EE01023B
[2]. Hassan, Q., Algburi, S., Sameen, A. Z., Salman, H. M., & Jaszczur, M. (2024). Towards clean energy independence: Assessing MENA region hybrid PV-wind solutions for green hydrogen generation and storage and 24/7 power production. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 66, 104158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2024.104158
[3]. Terlouw et al. (2022), op. cit.; also Ahmadi, S., Sadeghi, D., Marzband, M., Abusorrah, A., & Sedraoui, K. (2022). A thorough economic evaluation by implementing solar/wind energies for hydrogen production: A case study. Sustainability, 14(3), 1177.
[4]. Hussam, W. K., Barhoumi, E. M., Abdul-Niby, M., & Sheard, G. J. (2024). Techno-economic analysis and optimization of hydrogen production from renewable hybrid energy systems: Shagaya renewable power plant-Kuwait. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 58, 56–68.
[5]. Amiri, M. H., Mehrabi Hashjin, N., Montazeri, M., Mirjalili, S., & Khodadadi, N. (2024). Hippopotamus optimization algorithm: a novel nature-inspired optimization algorithm. Scientific Reports, 14, 5032. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-54910-3