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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Application of Free Structural Model to Hydrocarbon Production Optimization in X Field, Niger Delta |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Nwankwo, C.N || Anyanwu, J |
Abstract: This study attempts to optimize hydrocarbon production of an oil Field in Niger Delta through an uncertainty free hydrocarbon reservoir modelling. Four well logs and seismic data of 5500 to 5900 inline and 1480 to 1720Xline range were used to build a structural model and reduce uncertainties from the delineated reservoirs. All the four wells have reservoirs of interest as delineated from well logs based on sand formation resistivity values and porosity information. From the logs interpretation hydrocarbon prolific sand of each well was correlated as reservoirs D and F. The depth and the lateral extent of the reservoirs were secured by tying the well 2 to inline of the seismic.............
Key words: Seismic interpretation, Faults model, Pillar gridding, reservoir, structure, hydrocarbon.
[1]. Ainsworth R.B (2006). Sequence stratigraphic-based analysis of reservoir connectivity: influence of sealing faults – a case study from a marginal marine depositional setting. Petroleum Geoscience, 12(2): 127-141. DOI: 1144/1354-079305-661.
[2]. Ajakaiye, D.E and Bally, A.W. (2002): Some structural styles on reflection profiles from offshore Niger Delta. Serach and recovery article No. 10031 AAPG continuing Education course note series No. 41.
[3]. Alao P.A, Olabode S.O, Opeloye S.A (2013): Integration of seismic and petrophysic to characterize reservoirs in "ALA" oil field, Niger Delta. Scientific WorldJournal, v. 2013, 1-15, DOI: 10.1155/2013/421720.eCollection 2013.
[4]. Allen J.R.L(1965). Late Quaternary Niger Delta, and adjacent areas-sedimentary environment and lithofacies: AAPG Bulletin, 49, 547-600
[5]. Biddle K.B and Wielchowsky C.C (1994). Hydrocarbon Traps, Exxon Exploration Company; Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Organic and Trace Element Geochemistry of the Ameki Formation, South Eastern Nigeria: Implications and Hydrocarbon Generating Potential |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Nzekwe, I. E. || Okoro, A. U. |
Abstract: The source generative potential of the Ameki Formation in Umuahia, area, southeast Nigeria, was investigated using organic geochemical and trace element geochemistry. Results obtained from organic geochemical analysis reveal an overall organic richness with total organic carbon contents ranging from 0.28 to 4.35wt%TOC. The amount of generated hydrocarbon through cracking of the kerogen, S2, recorded from the rock-eval pyrolysis ranges from 0.14 to 3.57wt%. This suggests low hydrocarbon generative potential. The organic matter consists predominantly of inert Type IV kerogen and insignificant gas prone Type III kerogen..............
Key words: Ameki Formation, kerogen, paleo-redox conditions, rock eval pyrolysis, trace elements.
[1]. Adegoke, O. S., 1969. Eocene stratigraphy of southern Nigeria. Colloquesur l' Eocene, III. Bureau de Recherches Geologiques et Minieres. 69, 22-48.
[2]. Akaegbobi, I. M. 2000. Application of geochemical techniques in kerogen classification and source rock evaluation of the Agbada Shale, Eastern Niger Delta. Journal of Mining and Geology. 36, 175-189.
[3]. Akinyemi, S. A., Adebayo, O. F., Ojo, O. A., Fadipe, O. A. and Gitari, W. M. 2013. Minerology and geochemical appraisal of paleo-redox indicators in Maastrichtian outcrop shales of Mamu Formation, Anambra Basin, Nigeria. Journal of natural Sciences Research. 3, No. 10.
[4]. Algeo, T. J. and Maynard, B. J., 2004. Trace-element behavior and redox facies in core shales of Upper Pennsylvanian Kansas-type Cyclothems. Chemical Geology. 206, 289-318.
[5]. Arua, I. 1986. Paleo-environment of Eocene deposits in the Afikpo Syncline, southern Nigeria. Journal of African Earth Sciences 5, 279-284.A.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | The Assessment and Management of Amandit Sub-watershed Sustainability, South Kalimantan |
| Country | : | Indonesia |
| Authors | : | Ferry Juniansyah || Imam Hanafi || Kliwon Hidayat |
Abstract: The aim of the research is to evaluate the contribution of environmental, economical, social, institutional and technological dimension in the sustainability of Amandit sub-watershed area in South Kalimantan. The sustainability aspect was assed using Multi-dimensional Scaling (MDS) methods using RapSubDAS-AMANDIT approach. Result of the study shows that in the upstream area, the sustainability of environmental dimension can be classified as moderate. (57.37), the sustainability of economic dimension as moderate (57.19), the sustainability of social dimension as poor (45.79), the sustainability of technological dimension as poor (26.67), and the sustainability of institution dimensions as poor (35.43)...............
Key words: Sustainable development, watershed management, Kalimantan, environmental conservation
[1]. R.J. Reimold, Watershed management: practice, policies and coordination (McGraw-Hill Book Company Europe, 1998).
[2]. A. Bleau, and L.J. Leon. Watershed-based segmentation and region merging. Computer Vision and Image Understanding 77(3), 2000, 317-370.
[3]. P. Roni and Ed Quimby, Monitoring stream and watershed restoration (CABI, 2005).
[4]. V.P. Singh and D.K. Frevert, Watershed models (CRC Press, 2005).
[5]. P.A. Story and D.R. Forsyth, Watershed conservation and preservation: Environmental engagement as helping behavior, Journal of Environmental Psychology 28(4), 2008, 305-317
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Analytical Study of Archaeological Bricks from Coptic Period, Dayr AL-Naqlun (The Monastery of the Angel Ghubriyal), Fayoum, Egypt |
| Country | : | Egypt |
| Authors | : | Abdel Rahim. Nagwa. S |
Abstract: The present paper describes the analytical study performed on three different sets of mud bricks from Dayr Al- Naqlun (The Monastery Of The Angel Ghubriyal) (Fayoum, Egypt) which dates back to the third century AD. The Bricks were made up according to a distinguished local school of Brick making which is known in Egypt from pre dynastic period. The materials used for the manufacture of the Bricks were revealed using Xray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy...............
Key words:Egypt, Dayr Al- Naqlun, Coptic period, Bricks, mineralogical analysis, SEM-EDS, processing techniques
[1]. Avrami, E, Guillaud, H , Hardy, M,. Terra Literature Review An Overview of Research in Earthen Architecture Conservation, Los
Angeles, J. Paul Getty Trust, 2008,p,1.
[2]. Murray ,H, Applied Clay Mineralogy Occurrences, Processing and Application of Kaolins, Bentonites, PalygorskiteSepiolite,
and Common Clays, Developments in Clay Science, 2, USA Elsevier, 2007, p21.
[3]. Murray, H.H. Common clay. Chapter in Industrial Minerals and Rocks, 6th Edition. Carr, D.D., Ed. Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration, Littleton, CO, (1994) pp. 247–248
[4]. Moore, D.M. And Reynolds, R.C. Jr,X-Ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals, 2nd Edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford and New York, . (1997),p, 378.
[5]. Velde, B , Meunier , A,.( 2008), The Origin of Clay Minerals in Soils and Weathered Rocks Library of Congress , Springer ,Berlin
Heidelberg, p. 69
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | On Relative Precedence of Coherent and Random Noise Attenuation |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Anil Kumar Semwal || Naresh Agarwal |
Abstract: Noise attenuation has always been a challenging affair for acquisition or processing geophysicist. The quality of final product and ease for application of next main phases of processing such as deconvolution, velocity analysis, residual statics computation, stacking and migration grossly depends on the way and amount, the noise is eliminated while keeping the signal preserved. This study is aimed at analyzing and recommending the relative precedence of attenuation steps for coherent and random noises. It is inferred, using field data examples that source related coherent noise be treated first for attenuation and the random noise next in the realm of seismic data processing steps..............
Key words: Coherent noise, random noise, spectrum, stack, velocity analysis
[1] Yilmaz Ozdogan, Seismic Data Analysis, (SEG, 2011) 283-284, 289-290.
[2] Cannales, L., 1984, Random noise reduction: 54th Annual International Meeting, SEG, Expanded Abstracts, 525-527.
[3] Embree, P., Burg, J. P. and Backus, M. M., 1963, Wide-band velocity filtering - the pie-slice process: Geophysics, 28, 948-974.
[4] Soubaras, R., 1994, Signal-preserving random noise attenuation by the f-x projection: Expanded Abstracts of the 64th Annual SEG Meeting, 1576-1579.
[5] Wiggins, R. A., 1966, W-K Filter design: Geophysical Prospecting, 14, 427-440.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Investigation of the Low Velocity Layer using Shallow Seismic Refraction Survey in Magadi Basin, Kenya |
| Country | : | Kenya |
| Authors | : | K'Orowe M. O || Mulumbu B. E || Githiri J. G. |
Abstract: Shallow seismic refraction survey of the low velocity layer (LVL) is vital part of seismic data acquisition, processing and interpretation as it influences seismic reflection travel time. In the southern part of Kenya, a total of 90 forward and reverse-shooting shallow seismic refraction survey stations was carried out and analyzed with the aim of unraveling the geophysical characteristics of the weathered layer in "Block 14T" of Magadi Basin. Results from the generated Isopachs and Isovels show a dominant 2-weathered layer model in the area of study with a consolidated/bedrock zone observed from the velocity of the third layer. Velocity and thickness contour maps generated geostatistically show that both the velocity and thickness of LVL decreases towards the south with the least thickness observed in the south west and most thickness is observed in the East and around Lake Magadi. High velocities are observed in the northern part of the study region and low velocities are observed in the southern regions................
Key words:Magadi Basin, seismic refraction, Intercept time, Isopach, Isovel
[1] Amonieah J. and Alaminokuma G.I., (2012). Near-surface structural model for enhanced seismic data acquisition and processing in North-Central Niger Delta. American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 3 (5): 252-262.
[2] Lawton C. D., (1989). Computation of refraction static using first-break travel time differences. Geophysics, 54 (10): 1289-1296
[3] Kolawole F., Okror C. and Olaleye O.P., (2012). Downhloe Refraction Survey in Niger Delta Basin: A 3- layer Model. APRN Journal of Earth Sciences. 1 (2): 67-79.
[4] Anomohanran O., (2014). Downhole seismic refraction survey of weathered layer characterization in Escravos, Nigeria. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 11 (3): 371-380.
[5] S. Saha, A. Mandal, B. Borah and M. Gupta, "Characteristics of Low Velocity Layer in Upper Assam Basin near Naga Thrust: A brief Study", 9th Biennial International Conference and Exposition on Petroleum Geophysics, Hyderabad, 2012, pp. 249-253.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | SPS to Seismic Data Mapping: An AWK Script for Merging Field Geometry with Seismic Data |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Anil Kumar Semwal |
Abstract: SPS (Shell Processing Support) files contain vital acquisition information and are standard input for merging field geometry with seismic data. These files are interrelated and must conform one another and the data as well for some of the prime fields. But on many occasions, it does not hold and requires user's massive efforts to rectify this correspondence. The best way to circumvent this problem is to automate the procedure through coding a script. With this concept, an AWK script is coded, which replenishes processing geophysicist's inventory with data mapped SPS files which can straight away be input for updating trace headers of seismic data.............
Key words: AWK, Field geometry, SPS files, Seismic datas
[1]. SEG Technical Standards Committee on Ancillary Data Formats, 1995, Shell Processing Support Format For Land 3D Surveys: Geophysics, 60, No.2, 596-610.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Lignite Resources of Rajasthan with Special focus on Bikaner District along with t heir Application |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr. Anil Kumar Yadav |
Abstract: The state of Rajasthan is endowed with large lignite deposits in the country after Tamilnadu& Gujarat. In the
three districts of the state viz. Bikaner, Nagaur and Barmer, geological reserves of more than one billion tonnes
have been confirmed so far by exploratory drilling. Beside, deep seated reserves of lignite suitable for
underground lignite gasification also exists in the state. The state is also having lignite blocks suitable for
development of Coal Bed Methane projects.
The primary energy source and the foundation of Indian industry and the economy is coal. About 99% of the
coal in India c omes from Gondwana, and the remaining 1% is from the Tertiary period. The majority of India's
Gondwana coal reserves are found in the eastern and south......
Keywords; Geological reserves, Drilling, Lignite Gasification, Calorific value, Coal, Global warming etc.
[1]. Galetakis, M., Vasiliou, A.: Selective mining of multiple-layer lignite deposits. A fuzzy approach. Expert Systems with Applications 37(6), 4266–4275 (2010)
[2]. Galetakis, M., Roumpos, C., Alevizos, G., Vamvuka, D.: Production scheduling of a lignite mine under quality and reserves uncertainty. Reliability Engineering and System Safety 96, 1611–1618 (2011)
[3]. Kapageridis, I., Kolovos, C.: Modelling and Resource Estimation of a Thin-Layered Lignite Deposit. In: 34th International Symposium on the Application of Computers and Operations Research in the Minerals Industries (APCOM), Vancouver, pp. 95–103 (2009)
[4]. Karamalikis, N.: Computer software for the evaluation of lignite deposits. Mineral Wealth 76, 39–50 (1992) (in Greek)
[5]. Kavouridis, C., Leontidis, M., Roumpos, C., Liakoura, K.: Effect of dilution on lignite reserves estimation - Application in the Ptolemais multi-seam deposits. Braunkohle 52(1), 37–45 (2000).