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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Quantitative Modeling of the Architecture and Connectivity Properties of Reservoirs in 'Royal' Field, Niger-Delta |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | B.T Ojo || M.T Olowokere || M.I Oladapo |
 |
: | 10.9790/0990-0602020110  |
Abstract: A fit for purpose geologic model was constructed for reservoirs in 'Royal' field in order to carry out dynamic modelling and predict the future performance of the reservoirs. The sand continuity in the reservoirs were interrupted by the presence of shale streaks as signified by the Gamma Ray Log signatures and splitting effects on the peaks of the picked horizons. The modelled petrophysical parameters (porosity, water saturation and permeability) gave a better understanding of the reservoir properties. Reservoir B has an average effective porosity of 20% and a water saturation ranging from 10%-22%. Reservoir C has an average effective porosity of 22% and water saturation ranging from 17%-34%. It was also observed from the Rock Physics cross plot that the reservoirs cementing properties were low possibly due to the significantly low clay content. Two major faults were identified across the seismic section. From the results, possible location for future wells was suggested due to the observable increase in hydrocarbon content from Well D, South-Westwards towards well C on the four-way closure identified on the structural maps.
Keywords: Cementing Properties, Dynamic Modelling, Fluid Availability, Lithological Composition, Rock Physics.
[1]. Abe S.J, Olowokere MT. (2013). Reservoir characterization and formation evaluation of some parts of Niger delta using 3D seismic and well log data. Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences. 2013;2(4):304-307.
[2]. Ailin, J., Dongbo H, (2012). Advances and the challenges of reservoir characterization; a review of the current state-of-the-art earth sciences.
[3]. Alistair R. Brown (2004). Interpretation of Three-Dimensional Seismic Data (6th Ed.). The American Association of Petroleum Geologists and the Society of Exploration Geophysicists Tulsa, Oklahoma, U.S.A.
[4]. Amigun J.O., Olisa B. and Fadeyi O.O. (2012).Petrophysical analysis of well logs for reservoir evaluation: A case Study of "Laja‟ Oil Field, Niger Delta. Journal of Petroleum and Gas Exploration Research (ISSN 2276-6510) Vol. 2(10) pp. 181-187. http://www.interesjournals.org/JPGER
[5]. Doust H, Omatsola E (1990) Niger Delta, Divergent/passive margin basins. American Association of Petroleum Geologists 239-248.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | PositiveImpactonthequality of Groundwater In Chennai CoastalAquiferDueToTheCloudBurstDuringDecember2015 |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Sridhar, S.G.D. || Balasubramanian, M |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0602021119 |
Abstract: The over dependence of groundwater for drinking requirements is a unique feature in Tamilnadu due to the increasing population, and the increasing demand in agricultural and industrial sectors as well, causing coastal groundwater at many places to be contaminated.Duringeach season,fiftyfive groundwater samples were collectedfor three consecutive seasonsto taking to165 samples, during post monsoon in January 2015, pre monsoon in June 2015 and after floods post monsoon in January2016.The groundwater parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, Ca+, Mg+, Na+, K+, Cl-, HCO3-, SO4 and NO3 were determined for all three seasons. Comparing BIS (2012), Na, Ca, Mg, and K; Cl, HCO3,SO4 and NO3 concentrations were above permissible limit in most of the samples, indicating contamination in groundwater............
Keywords: Groundwater quality,Spatialdistribution,TDS classification, SARdiagram,Molar ratios
[1]. APHA, (1998).Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater (19thed.). Washington, DC: American public Health Association.
[2]. Balasubramanian, M, Sridhar, S. G. D, Sakthivel, A. M. and Mohammed Rafiq, M. (2016).Contamination of Groundwater and General Health effects of chemical parameters, Thiruvallur District, North Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.EnviroGeoChimicaActa (2016) V3(1), pp.20-31. ISSN 2348 -7259.
[3]. Balasubramanian, M, Sridhar, S. G. D, Sakthivel, A. M.(2017). Hydrogeochemical process of groundwater and identification of saline water intrusion, North Chennai, Thiruvallur District, Tamilnadu, India. Journal of App. Geochemistry, V19 (3), pp. 339-347.
[4]. BIS, (2012). Specifications for drinking water, New Delhi: Bureau of Indian Standards.
[5]. Brindha, K, Rajesh, R, Murugan, R. and Elango, L. (2011). Fluoride contamination in groundwater in parts of Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, India, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, V172, pp. 481-492.
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Sequence Stratigraphic Study of "B-24 Well" Northern Depobelt, Niger Delta, Southeastern Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ukpong, A. J. || Anyanwu, T. C. || Osung W. E. || Omoko E.N. |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0602022028 |
Abstract: Sequence Stratigraphic Study of B-24 well (interval 3396m -2008m) in the Northern Depobelt of the Niger Delta basin, southeastern Nigeria was carried out using biostratigraphic data and well logs. Standard methods for foraminiferal sample preparation which involved sample disaggregation and washing through a 63 micron mesh sieve, drying and picking of the foraminifera and other biota were used for biostratigraphic analysis. This was integrated with well logs data and used to subdivide the well section into sediment packages bounded by significant chronostratigraphic surfaces. The results revealed three (3) Maximum Flooding Surfaces (MFSs) identified at 2,900m, 2,768m, and 2,528m and dated 38.0Ma, 36.8Ma and 35.9Ma respectively and three (3) Sequence Boundaries (SBs)...........
Keywords: Maximum Flooding Surfaces, Sequence Boundary, Systems Tracts, Eocene, Oligocene, Northern Depobelt, Niger Delta.
[1]. Adegoke, A.K. (2012). Sequence Stratigraphy of Some Middle to Late Miocene Sediments, Coastal Swamp Depobelts, Western Offshore Niger Delta. International Journal of Science and Technology. (2) 1:18-28.
[2]. Armentrout, J.M., Feam, B., Rodgers, K., Root, S., Lyle, W.D., Hedrick, D.C., Bloch, R.B., Snedden, J.W. and Nwankwo, B. (1999). High resolution sequence biostratigraphy of a lowstandprograding deltaic wedge: Oso field (Late Miocene), Nigeria. In: Jones, R.W., and Simmons, M.D., (eds.) Biostratigraphy in production and development geology. Geological society, London, SpecialBulletin. 152: 259-290.
[3]. Armstrong, H. and Brasier, M. (2005).Microfossils. (2nd ed). Blackwell Publishing Malden, USA. 274- 275.
[4]. Avbovbo, A. A. (1978). Tertiary lithostratigraphy of Niger Delta. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Tulsa, Oklahoma. 96-200.
[5]. Blow, W. H. (1969). Late Middle Eocene to Recent Planktonic Foraminiferal Biostratigraphy,‖ Proc. First International Conf. Planktonic Microfossils. 199 – 422..
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Concentration of Heavy Metal in Surface Water and Groundwater Adyar River Basin, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | A. Ramachandran || R.R. Krishnamurthy || M. Jayaprakash || Balasubramanian, M |
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: | 10.9790/0990-0602022935 |
Abstract: A study was investigates the concentration of trace elements in the surface water and groundwater of Adyar River Basin. For this study 50 water samples were collected from in and around of the lake and along the river. These samples were subjected for elements like Fe, Mn, Ni, Cu, Co, Cr, Pb, and Zn by using AAS. The water parameters reach as pH (6.8 - 7.9), EC (932 - 2909), TDS (496 - 1761). The result reveals that the concentration of these metals in the study area was compared with (WHO 2011). The order of dominance is as follows: Fe>Mn>Co for Groundwater and Mn>Cu>Zn for Surface water. The abundance of the metals in order of Cu>Cr>Pb>Zn and Co>Pb>Ni>Fe post-monsoon seasons. Cluster analysis identified four clusters among the studied heavy metals. Cluster 1 consisted of Pb, Cu, and cluster 3 included Cr, Fe; also each of the elements Zn, Co and Ni was located in groups with single member. The same results were obtained by factor analysis. Statistical investigations revealed that anthropogenic factors and notably lead and zinc are the major problems due geochemical pollution sources are influencing water quality in the studied area..
Keywords: Heavy metal, Chennai, Adyar River, Factor, Cluster analysis.
[1]. Abdul Jameel, J. Sirajudeen and R. Abdul vahith (2012). Studies on heavy metal pollution of ground water sources between Tamilnadu and Pondicherry, India Advances in Applied Science Research, 2012, 3 (1): pp. 424-429
[2]. Abbas Ali Zamani, Mohammad Reza Yaftian1 and Abdolhossein Parizanganeh (2012). Multivariate statistical assessment of heavy metal pollution sources of groundwater around a lead and zinc plant Journal of Environmental Health Sciences & Engineering , pp.9:29
[3]. Ahmad JU, Goni MA. Heavy metal contamination in water, soil, Vol. 166(1-4):347-57. doi: 10.1007/s10661-009-1006-6
[4]. Ahmad, J.U. and Goni, M.A. (2010) Heavy Metal Contamination in Water, Soil, and Vegetables of the Industrial Areas in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, Vol. 166, 347-357.
[5]. Coraline Bichet1, Renaud Scheifler, Michael Coeurdassier, Romain Julliard, Gabriele Sorci1, Claire Loiseau Urbanization, Trace Metal Pollution, and Malaria Prevalence in the House Sparrow Volume 8 | Issue 1 |DOI:10.7598/cst2014.551, 3(2), pp.812-818
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Paleoenvironmental Analysis of Well "K27" In the Niger Delta, South-Eastern Nigeria |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Ukpong Aniediobong J. || Ikediasor Kennedy C. |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0602023647 |
Abstract: A palaeo-environmental analysis was carried out on well "K27", using ditch cuttings and well log data from the Greater Ughelli depobelt of the Niger delta. This paper attempts to reconstruct the depositional environment of sediments penetrated by well "k27". Palaeoenvironmental analysis and interpretation of well "27" was achieved using an integrated approach that included foraminifera assemblages, lithologic and wireline log data. This integrated data was used to infer the various palaeodepositional environments and also determine the paleobathymetry. After careful analysis, deductions showed that the lithology is dominated by alternating shales and sands belonging to the Agbada formation of the Niger delta. Results suggest sediments were deposited in a non-marine (fluvial) to shallow marine paleoenvironment (shallow inner – middle neritic) further analysis of well "k27" suggested that paleoenvironments included distributary channel fills, regressive to trangressive shore face delta and delta front..
Keywords: Paleoenvironmental, Niger Delta, Foraminifera, Paleobathymetry, Well logs
[1]. Adegoke, A. K. (2012). Sequence stratigraphy of some middle to late Miocene sediments, coastal swamp depobelts, Western offshore Niger Delta: International journal of science and technology, 2 (1): 18-27.
[2]. Boboye, O. A. andAdeleye, A. M. (2009).High Resolution Biostratigraphy of early Pliocene – late Miocene calcareous Nannoplankton and foraminiferal, deep offshore, Niger Delta, Nigeria.European journal of scientific research. 34 (3): 308-325.
[3]. Boersma, A. (1978). Foraminifera in Haq, B.U. and Boersma, A. (1978). Introduction to Marine Micropaleontology, Elsevier North Holland Inc. P. 69.
[4]. Bolli, H. M. and Saunders J. B. (1985). Oligocene to Holocene low latitude planktic foraminifera, plankton stratigraphy, Bolli, H. M., Saunders, J. B. ad Perch – Nielsen, eds. Cambridge Earth science series, Cambridge University press, 165-262.
[5]. Brasier, M.D., (1979). Microfossils. Univ. Hull Press;Kingtons-upon-Hull, UK, 193.pp..
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Exploring Surface- And Groundwater Interactions in East Delta Aquifer Using Conventional and Non-Conventional Techniques |
| Country | : | Egypt |
| Authors | : | Al-Gamal, S. A || El-Sayed, S. A. || Atta, E. A. |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0602024858 |
Abstract: Source of groundwater recharge to the Pleistocene aquifer in East Nile Delta, Egypt, is difficult to confirm, especially as the chemistry of groundwater is highly variable. To better define the recharge and hydraulic connection between the Pleistocene aquifer and surrounding water bodies, groundwater levels are measured for the available wells tapping the aquifer. In addition, sixteen groundwater and four surface water samples have been collected and analyzed for major ions, boron and strontium. Stable isotopic data was taken from already published works. The Pleistocene aquifer is semi-confined and the groundwater is shallow and moves north-eastwards. The r(Na+/Cl-), r(Ca2+/Cl-), r(Mg2+/Ca2+), r(Na+/K+), r(Cl-/HCO3-) and r(SO42-/Cl-) ionic ratios and water isotopic ratios (δD and δ18O) were used to define the interaction between the aquifer and surface water bodies. Four end members representing four poles (sources) of water..........
Keywords: East Delta, Egypt, Pleistocene aquifer, potentiometric surface, ionic ratios, stable isotopes mixing phenomena
[1] ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials), 2002. In: Water and environmental technology. Annual book of ASTM standards, Sec. 11, Vols. 11.01, and 11.02, West Conshohocken, U.S.A.
[2] Awad, M. A. and Abdel-Baki, A. A., 1993. Water quality and environmental tritium for the groundwater of the Quaternary aquifer in Mostorad station, northward Cairo, Egypt. Bull 22 (2-F). Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, pp 173–191.
[3] Awad, M. A., Sadek, M. A. and Salem, W. M., 1999. Use of mass balance and statistical correlation for geochemical and isotopic investigation of the groundwater in the Quaternary aquifer of the Nile Delta, Egypt. Arab Journal of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, 32 (1), pp. 43-58.
[4] Shata, A. A, and El-Fayoumy, I. F., 1970. Remarks on the hydrogeology of the Nile Delta. Proc. Sym. Hydrology of Delta, UNESCO Vol. II: 385-396.
[5] CONOCO, 1987. Geological map of Egypt, Scale 1:500,000, Nile Delta, SheetNo. NH-36. Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation 1987...
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Lk+Petrographic and Physic-Mechanical Characteristics of Quartzite from the Wolframite Mine in Zumba, Northcentral Nigeria: Implication for Their Use as Construction Materials |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | S. E. Ali || T. A. Ako |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0602025976 |
Abstract: Quartzite from the wolframite mine in Zumba, North -Central Nigeria was investigated using petrography and physico-mechanical tests. The aim was to deduce its suitability for use as construction material. Field evidence shows that the quartzite is intrusive to schist and granite and about 138, 300m3 of quartzite has been excavated from pits in the study area and dumped as waste material. Petrographic examination of thin sections of the quartzite under a petrological microscope reveals two textural varieties. These are the fine to medium and coarse grained varieties and quartz is the most abundant mineral in both varieties. Results of physical tests done on the samples show average porosity of 0.35% with a range of 1 – 0.5% while average water absorption is 0.23% with and range of 0.1 – 0.5%. Average specific gravity of the samples is 2.75 with a range of 2.7 – 2.8 whereas average bulk density is 2.82g/cm3 with and range of 2.60 – 2.67g/m3..........
Keywords: petrographic, quartzite, physical and mechanical properties, construction materials, Zumba
[1] Abdullah, H. and Singh, S. (2010). Laboratory Evaluation of Five Quartzites. Indian Geotechnical Conference, IGS Mumbai Chapter and IIT Bombay, p. 263 - 266.
[2] Abel. O. T., Olatayo. L. A. and Oladimeji, L. A. (2014). Physical and Mechanical Properties of Rocks from the Archean-Proterozoic Terrain of Ado-Ekiti, SW Nigeria: Implications on its Groundwater Potential. International Journal of Advancement in Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Science, Vol. 1, Issue 7, Pp. 54 – 67.
[3] Ademeso, O. A., Adekoya, J. A. and Olaleye, B. M. ( 2012).The Inter-relationship of Bulk Density and Porosity of Some Crystalline Basement Complex Rocks: A Case Study of Some Rock Types In Southwestern Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Engineering, Vol. 2(4) pp: 555-562
[4] Ajibade, A. C., Anyanwu, N. P.C., Okoro, A. U. and Nwajide, C. S. (2008). The Geology of Minna Area ( Explanation of 1:250,000 Sheet 42,Minna). Nigerian Geological Survey Agency, bulletin No. 43, 112Pp.
[5] Ahmad, M., Ansari, M. K., Singh, R. And Sharma, L. K. (2016). Mineralogical Control on the Water Absorption of Few Igneous and Metamorphic Rocks. Sixth Indian Rock Annual Conference, IIT Bombay., Pp. 520 – 531...
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Determination of Appropriate Earthling Electrode Medium for Catholic Protection of Underground Pipes Using Electric Resistivity Method |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Irunkwor, T. C || Ngerebara, O. D || Onyebueke, D. E |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0602027785 |
Abstract: Metallic pipes used in conveying gas and crude oil are prone to corrosion with some reactive mineral elements in the soil. The soil corrosivity and the effect of soil (mineral) resistivity and conductivity on metallic pipe is evaluated to determine the appropriate medium of earthing electrode for cathodic protection of the underground gas and crude oil pipeline for Pan Ocean Oil Corporation Gas Processing plant at Ovade-Ogharefe. The geophysical survey data was acquired using ABEM SAS 300 TERRAMETER and the resistivity investigations carried out include the Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) using the Schlumberger electrode array and the Wenner electrode configuration for the Constant Separation Traversing (CST). Consequently, six Vertical Electrical Soundings (VES) and two constant Separation Traversing (CST) were carried out in the area. The VES were made with an AB/2 ratio of 100m at intervals, thus............
Keywords: Soil Corrosivity, Metallic Pipes, Cathodic Protection, Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES), Constant Separation Traversing (CST)
[1] Ababio, O. Y. (2001), New Certificate Chemistry (3rd Edition), Nigeria: Africana First Publishers Limited.
[2] Becks, A. E. (1981), Physical Principles of Exploration Methods. Ontario Publishers, Canada. Pp. 234.
[3] Campbell, W. H. (1978), Introduction of the Auroral Zone Electric Currents within the Alaska Pipeline. Journal of Pure and Applied Geophysics, 6(116):143-1173.
[4] Campbell, W. H. (1980), Observation of Electric Currents in the Alaska Oil Pipeline Resulting from Auroral Electroject Current Sources. Geophysical Journal Research Astronomy Soceity; 8(62):437-449.
[5] Ekine A. S and Emujakporue G. O. (2010), ""Investigation of corrosion of buried oil pipeline by the Electrical Geophysical Methods,‟‟ Journal of applied environmental management, 14(1):63-65...
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| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Use of Seismic Inversion Attributes In Field Development Planning |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Justin Obilo || Sofolabo Adekunle |
|
: | 10.9790/0990-0602028692 |
Abstract: The development of any field is an important stage in exploration and production projects. Conventionally most Field Development Planning (FDP's) are performed without the use of seismic inversion products. This paper demonstrates the advantages of integrating seismic inversion products into FDP and its added values in the process with some case studies. The lithology and fluid volumes were computed using the acoustic impedance (AI) and Poisson's ratio (PR), these parameters are seismic inversion products. The volume obtained shows oil, gas or water probabilities, which are crucial in well placement program and optimal well planning (FDP's common goals)............
Keywords: Seismic inversion, Attributes, Fluid Content, Lithology, Discrimination, Acoustic impedance, Poisson ratio, Delineation.
[1] Aki, K and P. G. Richards, (1980). Quantitative Seismology: W.H Freeman and CompanyGoodway.W., T. Chen and J. Downton, (1997). Improved AVO fluid detection and lithology discrimination using Lame petrophysical parameters: 67th Annual International Meeting, SEG Expanded Abstracts, 183-186.
[2] Larsen, J., Margrave, G. and H. Lu, (1999). AVO analysis by simultaneous P-P and P-S weighted stacking applied to 3-C-3D seismic data. SEG Annual Meeting Abstract, 721-724.
[3] A-zdemie, H., Ronen, S., Olofsson, B., Goodway, W. and P Young, (2001).Simultaneous multicomponent AVO inversion. SEG Annual Meeting Extended Abstract, San Antonio, extended abstract session 4
[4] A-zdemir, H., Hansen, J.W. and E. Robinson (2003). Seismic Estimation of Rock Parameters A case study. European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers (EAGE). Stavanger, Norway. Extended Abstract D40.
[5] Pedersen S.I., Randen, T., Sonneland, L. and A. Steen (2002).Automatic 3D Fault interpretation by Artificial Ants.European Association of Geoscientists and Engineers (EAGE). Florence, Italy. Extended Abstract, 27-30...