IOSR-JAP   Volume-12 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan. – Feb. 2020

ABSTRACT: The study objective is to evaluation of the image quality on ultrasound images is comprehensive task due to the relatively low image quality compared to other imaging techniques. It's desirable to objectively determine the quality of ultrasound images since quantification of the quality removes the subjective evaluation which can lead to varying results. The scanner will also be more user friendly if the user is given feedback on the quality of the current image. This paper has investigated in the objective evaluation of image quality in phantom images. It has been emphasized on the parameter spatial variance which is incorporated in the image analysis system developed during the project assignment. The special....

Key words: Ultra sound , image quality , Multi Length Adjustable (MLAs), phantom image

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ABSTRACT: A summary of Wu's Spacetime Field Equation and some related subjects are reviewed, including Wu's Pairs, Wu's Spacetime, Wu's Spacetime Theory, Wu's Spacetime Shrinkage Theory, Time & Length, Principle of Correspondence, Distribution of Wu's Unit Length, Amount of Wu's Unit Quantities Measured At Reference Point, Field Equation, Wu's Spacetime Field Equation, Einstein's Spacetime and Einstein's Field Equation. A detailed comparison between Wu's Spacetime Equation and Einstein's Field Equation are discussed. Because the same term GC0-4 appears in both equations, Einstein's Field Equation and Wu's Spacetime Field Equation observed on earth look like equivalent. However, there is no gravitational force in Einstein's Spacetime Field Equation. Acceleration is derived from the curvature of space-time continuum, which reflects the virtual distribution of matter and energy in the universe. On the other hand, in Wu's Spacetime Field Equation, matter does exist, as is the gravitational force. And the acceleration is indeed caused by the gravitational force.

[Keywords]: Wu's Pairs, Yangton and Yington, Wu's Spacetime, Wu's Spacetime Theory, Wu's Spacetime Shrinkage Theory, Principle of Correspondence, Gravitational Field, Field Equation, Spacetime, Wu's Spacetime Field Equation, Einstein's Field Equation. Graviton Radiation, Cosmological Redshift, Gravitational Redshift.

[1]. Edward T. H. Wu, "Yangton and Yington–A Hypothetical Theory of Everything", Science Journal of Physics, Volume 2015, Article ID sjp-242, 6 Pages, 2015, doi: 10.7237/sjp/242.
[2]. Edward T. H. Wu. "Time, Space, Gravity and Spacetime Based on Yangton & Yington Theory, and Spacetime Shrinkage Versus Universe Expansion". American Journal of Modern Physics. Vol. 5, No. 4, 2016, pp. 58-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20160504.13.
[3]. Edward T. H. Wu" Five Principles of the Universe and the Correlations of Wu's Pairs and Force of Creation to String Theory and Unified Field Theory." IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP), vol. 10, no. 4, 2018, pp. 17-21.
[4]. Edward T. H. Wu. "Time, Space, Gravity and Spacetime Based on Yangton & Yington Theory, and Spacetime Shrinkage Versus Universe Expansion". American Journal of Modern Physics. Vol. 5, No. 4, 2016, pp. 58-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20160504.13.
[5]. Edward T. H. Wu "Hubble's Law Derived from Wu's Spacetime Shrinkage Theory and Wu's Spacetime Reverse Expansion Theory versus Universe Expansion Theory." IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP), vol. 11, no. 1, 2019, pp. 03-07.

ABSTRACT: According to Yangton and Yington Theory, a moving corresponding identical object and event has velocity related to Wu's Unit Length by V ∞ lyy-1/2. In addition, lyy increases when gravitational force becomes bigger based on Wu's Spacetime Shrinkage Theory. Therefore, a moving corresponding identical object and event, its velocity decreases with the increase of gravitational force. Furthermore, like the light refraction on the surface of a transparent substance, the decreasing speed of the object and event can make its traveling path bent towards the massive mass. As a result, instead of the cured Spacetime proposed by Einstein's general relativity, deflection of light and Perihelion Precession of Mercury can be interpreted by Yangton and Yington Theory.

[Keywords]: Wu's Pairs, Yangton and Yington, Wu's Spacetime, Wu's Spacetime Theory, Wu's Spacetime Shrinkage Theory, Principle of Correspondence, General Relativity, Einstein's Spacetime, Cosmological Redshift, Gravitational Redshift, Expansion of Universe, Deflection of Light, Perihelion Precession of Mercury

[1]. Edward T. H. Wu, "Yangton and Yington–A Hypothetical Theory of Everything", Science Journal of Physics, Volume 2015, Article ID sjp-242, 6 Pages, 2015, doi: 10.7237/sjp/242.
[2]. Edward T. H. Wu. "Time, Space, Gravity and Spacetime Based on Yangton & Yington Theory, and Spacetime Shrinkage Versus Universe Expansion". American Journal of Modern Physics. Vol. 5, No. 4, 2016, pp. 58-64. doi: 10.11648/j.ajmp.20160504.13.
[3]. Edward T. H. Wu" Five Principles of the Universe and the Correlations of Wu's Pairs and Force of Creation to String Theory and Unified Field Theory." IOSR Journal of Applied Physics (IOSR-JAP), vol. 10, no. 4, 2018, pp. 17-21.
[4]. Peebles, P. J. E. and Ratra, Bharat (2003). "The cosmological constant and dark energy". Reviews of Modern Physics 75 (2): 559-606. arXiv: astro-ph/0207347. Bibcode: 2003 RvMP.75.559 P. doi: 10.1103/RevModPhys.75.559.
[5]. Hubble, E. (1929). "A relation between distance and radial velocity among extra-galactic nebulae". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.15(3): 168 -73. Bibcode: 1929PNAS...15..168H. doi:10.1073/pnas.15.3.168. PMC 522427. PMID 16577160..

ABSTRACT: The temperature of a silicon solar cell subjected to incident solar radiation is determined through solving a heat balance equation. The temperature dependent cell parameters as Voc(T), Isc(T), Io(T),andEg(T) are evaluated at each local day time "t". The performance and efficiency of the cell at different local day times and operating conditions as shading and cooling are revealed. Computations to reveal such functional dependences for a certain solar cell are performed as an illustrative example.

Keyword: Solar Energy- Silicon Solar Cell –Solar Cell Temperature- Solar Cell Performance- Solar Cell Efficiency - Heat Transfer Model.

[1]. FurkanDincer, Mehmet EminMeral "Critical Factors that Affecting Efficiency of Solar Cells" , Smart Grid and Renewable Energy,2010,1,47-50.
[2]. DavudMostafaTobnaghi,RahimMadatov, daryushnaderi "The effect of Temperature on Electrical parameters of Solar Cells", International Journal of Advance Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, 2013,2,6404-6407
[3]. Barbara Swatowska, PiortPanek" The impact of shading on solar cell electrical parameters",OpticaApplicata , 2017, No.2
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[5]. Ekpenyong, E.E, Anyasi, F.I "Effect of shading on photovoltaic cell" , IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering ,2013,8,Issue 2,1-6.

ABSTRACT: Feeding value of cassava root meal supplemented with and without activated charcoal was investigated using sixty-four (64) grower pigs (Large White x Landrace). The pigs were allotted to 8 treatments with 8 pigs per treatment and each treatment replicated twice. Four diets were compounded such that cassava root meal (CRM) replaced maize at 0, 25, 50 and 75% levels. Another four diets containing the same levels of CRM were compounded with activated charcoal supplementation at 40g/kg diet.Results showed thatincreasing level of CRM resulted in varying degrees of inflammatory infiltration and wide lumen in architectural background with attendant degenerative changes in the lobules and some measure of fibrotic portal tracts in the liver. However, activated charcoal was able......

Keyword: Cassava root meal, activated charcoal, histology, grower pigs.

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ABSTRACT: In this paper, simple and inexpensive method for preparation of different concentrations of polystyrene doped with iron by sol-gel method. Fe2O3/PS nanoparticles with different concentration (0.5%,1% and2%) were characterized by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Ultraviolet and Visible regions (UV-Vis) are studied in ranged (200-800)nm and Electrical properties at temperature range from (303-403)K.

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ABSTRACT: Constructive/destructive interference Exponential form Longitudinal waves Shockwave Sound resonance

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ABSTRACT: In the frames of simple Drude model, there are analytically treated the general features of electron transport in 2D metals. It is demonstrated that depending on the Fermi level position such materials can reveal a non-standard current–voltage characteristic opening wide perspectives of creating the novel functional 2D materials for superfast nanoelectronics..

Keyword: 2D metal; Electron transport; Drude model; Electron-energy-surface

[1]. Li D, Gao J, Cheng P, He J, Yin Y, Hu Y, Chen L, Cheng Y, Zhao J. 2D boron sheets: Structure, growth, and electronic and thermal transport properties. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019; 1904349:1–32.
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ABSTRACT: In the presence of a temperature gradient T const x   , an external electric constant field 0 E , an external magnetic constant field 0 H , an increasing wave is excited in semiconductors with two types of charge
carriers and certain deep traps. The frequency values and the increment of the rising wave are determined. It is proved that this unstable wave is excited at a classically strong  H  c  0  magnetic field. The electric field
with increasing wave has a certain value. Analytical formulas are obtained for the oscillation frequency and for the growth increment of the excited wave

Keywords: frequency, energy source , temperature gradient , impurity semiconductors, an external magnetic field, an external electric field.

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ABSTRACT: Overwhelming popularity and availability of inexpensive memory cards, high resolution yet cheap phone cameras and digital cameras has culminated in large amount of personal data occupying our storage spaces on devices and/or the web. The personal data have their own stories that cannot be captured by the low-level features. Content based image retrieval techniques are not adequate to bridge the so-called semantic gap between the content and the semantic interpretation of that information by a particular user. We present the study and implementation of a novel model which automatically identifies a particular individual's photo clusters on the basis of photo profile information and the arrangement of a graphical structure networking the various photos.

Keywords: Cluttered, Circles, Communities, Generative, Hierarchical, Membership, Metric, Nested, Photos, Profile, Similarity, Synthetic, Unsupervised,.

[1]. Maninderjit Kaur and Sushil Kumar Garg, Survey on Clustering Techniques in Data Mining for Software Engineering , International Journal of Advanced and Innovative Research(2278-7844) 3 (2014).
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