IOSR-JAP   Volume-14 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep. – Oct. 2022

ABSTRACT: This article reviews on Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides nanomaterials and their Applications. Recent advances in two dimensional metal dichalcogenides have subjected its attention to a variety of fields such as optoelectronics, nanoelectronics, sensors, energy storage etc.These materials are finding numerous applications for next generation electronics and electronic devices.There are many methods for sample preparation such as the mechanical,liquid exfoliation and CVD techniques.In this review,the properties,preparation methods and applications of TMDnanomaterials are discussed.

Keywords: Two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, Mechanical properties, Electronic and optical properties, synthesis techniques, Energy storage, Electronic devices, Supercapacitors

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ABSTRACT: Background: Contamination of radiological substances in environment is one of the most important factors and harmful for living beings if the activity is high enough with long half-life.'Gamma Spectrometry Setup' is comparatively better for detection and analysis of gamma radiations in any type of specimens. Initiating the data acquisition setup, it's essential to calibrate the entire setup for accuracy measurement. Materials and Methods:The main purpose of the research work is to characterize the data acquisition setup using137Cs and 60Co point sources. 137Cs emits γ-rays of 661.66 keV and 60Coemits two different γ-rays; 1173.2 KeV & 1332.5 KeV. Setup standardization is an essential part of any research works. Results:The HPGe detector used with the setup is also good enough for γ-energy detection. Detector efficiency calibration is another major task needed for activity calculation, using gamma energy lines detected in a sample detector efficiency can be calculated....

Keywords: HPGe, MCA, Radiation, Shielding, Gamma, Efficiency, Calibration

[1]. Abedin, M. J., Zamil, A. A. S., Jolly, Y. N., Akter, S., Rahman, M. O., Islam, M. S., & Arafin, S. A. K. (2021). Characterization of 226 Ra Point Source and Analysis Its Daughter Radionuclides. 81(1), 75–81
[2]. Abu, M., & Ali, M. (2020). Distribution of natural radioactivity in soil and date palm-pits using high purity germanium radiation detectors and LB-alpha / beta gas- fl ow counter in Saudi Arabia. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 52(6), 1282–1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2019.12.009
[3]. Azmal, M., Bhuiyan, H., Kowser, A., Islam, S. S., Levels, N. R., & District, S. (2019). Natural Radioactivity Levels and Radiological Risk Assessment of Surface Water Natural Radioactivity Levels and Radiological Risk Assessment of Surface Water of Wetland Tanguar Haor , Sunamganj District , Bangladesh. July. https://doi.org/10.18576/jrna/040206
[4]. Abedin, M. J., Zamil, A. A. S., Jolly, Y. N., Akter, S., Rahman, M. O., Islam, M. S., & Arafin, S. A. K. (2021). Characterization of 226 Ra Point Source and Analysis Its Daughter Radionuclides. 81(1), 75–81.
[5]. Abu, M., & Ali, M. (2020). Distribution of natural radioactivity in soil and date palm-pits using high purity germanium radiation detectors and LB-alpha / beta gas- fl ow counter in Saudi Arabia. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 52(6), 1282–1288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2019.12.009.

ABSTRACT: In this work, we report the synthesis and characterization of Lanthanum doped pure Lead titanate La(x) Pb(1-x)TiO3 by (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4) samples were synthesized using chemical route and were characterized for structural studies using X-ray diffraction studies, FTIR, TGA and TEM. The LaPbTiO3 samples were further studied for structural properties at different calcination temperature. The XRD spectrum analysis infers the samples to be crystalline in nature as well as single phased. The XRD spectral study of as synthesized samples further reveals their crystallization into the tetragonal structure with pmm4 space group. The intense reflection peaks witness the crystallinity and narrow full-width at half maximum indicates the higher average particle size. The average particle size.....

Keywords: Wet Chemical Route, PbTiO3, LaPbTiO3Structural Properties XRD, FTIR, TEM.

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ABSTRACT: Background: A three-qubit entangled quantum teleportation protocol via GHZ-like state channel with a description of its combined state, measurement of Alice's projection and Bob's unitary transformation in two stages, calculation of the total probability of success and its fidelity. Materials and Methods: Teleportation protocols over GHZ-like three-qubit entanglement state channels have been widely proposed. Likewise, the use of GHZ-like state channels in the implementation of quantum communication protocols. From many quantum teleportation protocols over a three-qubit GHZ-like state channel that has been proposed. It is observed that to transmit an arbitrary n-qubit unentangled state need n-channels of GHZ-like states.....

Keywords: fidelity, projection measurement, quantum teleportation.

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ABSTRACT: Soft mode and Dielectric constants in CaxSr1-xTiO3 (CST) single crystals have been theoretical investigated in para-electric phase for various composition and temperature. In our calculations, double time temperature-dependent Green's function technique along with a modified Hamiltonian for the crystals is used which includes anharmonicity up to the fourth order due to the interactions of the soft mode. Fourier transformation and Dyson's equation treatment is used in arriving the result. Temperature and composition dependent dielectric constants and soft mode of CaxSr1-xTiO3 (CST) have been estimated.....

Keywords: Soft mode frequency ,Dielectric constant, Single crystal,Perovskites, anharmonicity, Retarted Green's function, Hamiltonian,Fourier transform, Dyson's equation.

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ABSTRACT: A theoretical investigation of the photoelectric effect through dust charge fluctuation on low frequency electrostatic dust acoustic (DA) mode has been done using fluid model of plasmawith negatively charged dust grain. Here we consider collisional effects between charged and neutral particles of plasma, lighter particles streaming along the external electric field. Dispersion relation of DA mode has been derived and instability of DA mode is numerically analyzed using the values of appropriate plasma parameters. It has been found that the instability of DA mode is increased significantly due to photoelectric effect compared to the streaming and collisional effects.

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ABSTRACT: Ferrites are a newly discovered class of material being utilized for many important applications. lithium ferrites are soft magnetic material with low coercivity. We successfully prepared lithium ferrites by using nanocrystalline powers by Sol gel method. In our study Crystalline nanoparticles of Lithium ferrites (LixFe1-x Fe2 O4) (where x= 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were synthesized by Sol Gel Method using ferric chloride and lithium nitrate with NaOH as a reactant. Structural characteristics of samples were determined by X-Ray diffraction and FESEM. Particle size found between 9.64 nm to 24.71 nm by using Debye Scherrer method. Dielectric properties were investigated using impedance analyzer. The relative dielectric constant of ferrites a function of frequency (1kHz-30MHz) was investigated at room temperature, parameter decreases as frequency increases.

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ABSTRACT: In a 4- dimensional continuum with asymmetrical affine connection.......

Key Word: Unitary vector, Transporter, Torsion Tensor, Gravitation, Electromagnetic field Tensor

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ABSTRACT: To adopt the correlation of structural and property,a novel series of borate glass system has a stochiometric composition of [(78 – x) 𝐵2𝑂3 – x 𝑃𝑏𝑂 – 20 𝑁𝑎2𝑂 – 2 𝑆𝑚2𝑂3] where x = 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mol.%was successfully synthesized by Melt-Quenching method. The samples were scrutinized by a set of techniques such as XRD, density, FTIR, DSC, and UV-visible measurements. The density was measured to shed light on macrostructural of the samples. FTIR spectra proved the existence of 𝐵𝑂4 to 𝐵𝑂3 conversion. FTIR spectra answered about a longstanding important question is the role of PbO at low loadings. Actually, at (x = 0 – 20), the boron coordination.......

Key Word: 𝑆𝑚3+ and 𝑃𝑏2+ ions, borate glass, nonlinearity analysis, thermal stability, optoelectronic applications.

[1]. Kavaz, E., Ghanim, E. H., &Abouhaswa, A. S. (2020). Optical, structural and nuclear radiation security properties of newly fabricated V2O5-SrO-PbO glass system. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 538, 120045.
[2]. Abouhaswa, A. S., Rammah, Y. S., Ibrahim, S. E., & El-Hamalawy, A. A. (2018). Structural, optical, and electrical characterization of borate glasses doped with SnO2. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 494, 59-65.
[3]. Kumar, A. S., Narendrudu, T., Suresh, S., Rao, M. S., Ram, G. C., & Rao, D. K. (2016). Role of titanium ions on the physical and structural properties of calcium zinc bismuth phosphate glass ceramics. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 434, 62-70.
[4]. Mhareb, M. H. A. (2020). Physical, optical and shielding features of Li2O–B2O3–MgO–Er2O3 glasses co-doped of Sm2O3. Applied physics A, 126(1), 1-8.
[5]. Zagrai, M., Suciu, R. C., Rada, S., Pică, M. E., &Pruneanu, S. (2021). Structural and optical properties of Eu3+ ions in lead glass for photonic applications. Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 569, 120988..