IOSR-JAP   Volume-16 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan. – Feb. 2024

ABSTRACT: This work was carried out in Niakhene, which is located in the Tivaoune department. An experimental site and a reference were selected. The improved mass balance model was used as the model and the obtained results allowed for the observation of different estimated results. For the T1 erosion rates varied varied from 12.00 t. ha.an-1 to 70.30 t. ha.an-1, with an average erosion rate of 43.96 t. ha.an-1. Deposition rates varied between 3.00 t. ha.an-1 to 198.03 t. ha.an-1 with an average deposition rate of 72.55 t. ha.an-1. It is noted that five points are eroded, such as points T1S10 T1S30, especially.....

Keywords: soil erosion, 137Cs, mass balance model, Highlands, Niakhène.

[1]. Fao. 2015. Global Soil Partnership. Rome, Italy: Food And Agriculture Organization Of The United Nations. Available At: Http://Www.Fao.Org/Global-Soil-Partnership/Pillars-Action/Erosion/En/ (Accessed 7 April 2023).
[2]. Lal, R. 2015. Restoring Soil Quality To Mitigate Soil Degradation. Sustainability, 7(5), 5875-5895.
[3]. Teng, Y., Wang, X., And Chen, J. 2016. A Review Of Soil Erosion Potential Of China Based On Rusle Model. Catena, 141, 73-86.
[4]. Walling, D.E. 2006. The Use Of Fallout Radionuclides As Tracers In Soil Erosion Investigations. Geomorphology, 79(3-4), 217-239.
[5]. Walling, D.E. 2006. The Use Of Fallout Radionuclides As Tracers In Soil Erosion Investigations. Geomorphology, 79(3-4), 217-239.

ABSTRACT: Graphite was always known to be special as it is the sole Allotrope of Carbon that bears the property of electrical conductivity. Today, with the help of a few common apparatuses we will conduct a experiment to measure how this electrical conductivity varies with the concentration of graphite in a pencil.

[1]. Woolf, L. D., And Holger H. Streckert. "Graphite Pencil Line For Exploring Resistance." The Physics Teacher, Vol. 34, No. 7, American Association Of Physics Teachers, Oct. 1996, Pp. 440–41. Https://Doi.Org/10.1119/1.2344515.
Graphite Resistors. Www.Troelsgravesen.Dk/Graphite.Htm.
[2]. "Experiment On Pencil Resister Effect On Circuit Output." Ukessays. Ukessays.Com, November 2018. Web. 14 August 2023. <Https://Www.Ukessays.Com/Essays/Physics/Experiment-Pencil-Resister-Effect-Circuit-9654.Php?Vref=1>.
[3]. Clastify. Ib Physics Ia Example: How Does The Proportion Of Graphite In A Pencil Affect Its Electrical Conductivity? | Clastify. Www.Clastify.Com/Ia/Physics/6336a1a2d77add00134d85ab.
[4]. David, Iulia Gabriela, Et Al. "Pencil Graphite Electrodes: A Versatile Tool In Electroanalysis." Journal Of Analytical Methods In Chemistry, Vol. 2017, Hindawi Publishing Corporation, Jan. 2017, Pp. 1–22. Https://Doi.Org/10.1155/2017/1905968.
[5]. Of Pencils And Diamonds – Everything About Graphite. Www.Sglcarbon.Com/En/Everything-About-Graphite.

ABSTRACT: The problem in the analysis of DC electrical circuits using Kirchoff I's law and Kirchoff II's law is obtained by the System of Linear Equations. In addition to using the elimination substitution method, the System of Linear Equations can also be solved using the help of matrices. Some numerical methods that can solve DC electrical circuit problems are the Gauss Elimination Method, Cramer Method, Gauss-Jordan Elimination Method, and Matrix Inversion Method. Cayley Hamilton's......

Key Word: Electric circuits; System of linear equations; Cayley Hamilton's theorem

[1] K. D. Arista, K. Suma, And W. Suastra, "The Effect Of Phenomenon-Based Learning Assisted By E-Learning On Students' Critical Thinking Ability And Learning Motivation,"Undiksha Journal Of Physics Education, Flight. 12, No. 1, Pp. 123–133, 2022
[2] N. Faujiah, M. Wahyudi, And Bahtiar, "Application Of The Group Investigation Type Cooperative Learning Model To Improve The Activities And Learning Outcomes Of Classjournal Of Physics And Physics Education, Vol. 5, No. 2, Pp. 62–68, 2020, [Online].Available:Http://Jurnalkonstan.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Jurnal
[3] I. Setiono And D. Y. Tadeus, "The Relationship Between Applied Physics Subjects In Their Contribution To Skills Subjects For Students In The Electrical Engineering Diploma Iii Program At The Diponegoro University Vocational School,"Echo Technology Journal, Flight. 20, No. 1, 2018.
[4] F. Hasyim And A. Ramadhan, "Adequacy Of Mathematical Ability For Prospective Physics Teachers,"Journal Of Physics Education Innovation And Integration, Vol. 1, No. 2, 2018, [Online]. Available:Https://Www.Researchgate.Net/Publication/328328618
[5] Harefa,Monograph On The Use Of Meaningful Instructional Design Learning Models In Physics Learning. Solok: Cv Mandiri Scholars, 2021..

ABSTRACT: The helium ion is one of the ions included in the hydrogenic atom because it has only one electron in its outermost orbital, so the problem in the helium ion can be solved using the Schrodinger equation approach at spherical coordinates. This study was conducted to examine the solution of helium ions in the representation of positional space using the.....

Key Word: Laguerre; Polynomial; Schrodinger; Radial Section; Helium Ion

[1] F. M. Sholihah, Suparmi, And V. I. Variani, "Harmonic Oscillator Energy Analysis Using Path Integral Hypergeometry And Operator Methods," Indones. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 6, No. 2, P. 7, 2013.
[2] A. Purwanto, Quantum Physics. Gava Media Publisher, 2016.
[3] B. Supriadi, F. K. A. Anggraeni, N. Faridah, And E. M. Jannah, Quantum Physics. Jember University Publishing Upt, 2022.
[4] R. A. Sani And M. Kadri, Quantum Physics. Pt Bumi Aksara, 2018.
[5] P. Chowdhury, A. K. Pati, And J. L. Chen, "Wave And Particle Properties Can Be Spatially Separated In A Quantum Entity," Photonics Res., Vol. 9, No. 7, P. 1379, 2021, Doi: Https://Doi.Org/10.1364/Prj.425101..

ABSTRACT: The study investigates heavy metal concentration in soil samples from Senegal's Niakhene site using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis. It addresses the global challenge of soil pollution due to Nickel (Ni), Arsenic (As), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Lead (Pb), and Cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg). These metals originating from various sources, pose threats to ecosystems and human health. XRF, a non-destructive method precisely evaluated heavy metal presence and distribution Nikel (Ni), Arsenic (As), and Zinc (Zn) displayed varying concentration.....

Keywords: X-ray fluorescence, soil samples, Heavy Metals

[1]. Smith, S. L., & Macdonald, B. C. (2018). Metal Contamination Of Food Crops : Mechanisms Of Uptake And Translocation. Environmental Monitoring And Assessment, 190(12), 645. Doi: 10.1007/S10661-018-7100-2.
[2]. Alloway, B. J. (2013). Heavy Metals In Soils : Trace Metals And Metalloids In Soils And Their Bioavailability (3rd Ed.). Springer Science & Business Media.
[3]. Jones, A. B., & Smith, C. D. (2017). Xrf Analysis Of Soil Samples. Journal Of Environmental Analysis, 5(3), 112. Doi: 10.4172/2380-2391.1000177.
[4]. Kabata-Pendias, A., & Pendias, H. (2001). Trace Elements In Soils And Plants (3rd Ed.). Crc Press.
[5]. Li, Z., Ma, Z., Van Der Kuijp, T. J., Yuan, Z., & Huang, L. (2014). A Review Of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution From Mines In China : Pollution And Health Risk Assessment. Science Of The Total Environment, 468-469, 843-853. Doi: 10.1016/J.Scitotenv.2013.08.090..

ABSTRACT :In attempts to understand the fundamentals of string theory, it has become clear that we need a better understanding of conformal theories as these are the building blocks of string vacuum. This approach is most powerful when applied to superconformal models with N = 2 worldsheet supersymmetry. They are related to the superpotential with the corresponding central charge c, dimension of chiral field, and the ring of the corresponding minimal model. This means that we can study the properties of Calabi-Yau manifold as the tensor product of the minimal discrete models from the point of view of LG theory.

Key Word: Calabi-Yau; Superpotential; Supersymmetry

[1]. C. Vafa, Nicholas P. Warner. Catastrophes And The Classification Of Conformal Theories. Phys. Lett., B218 1: 51–58, 1989.
[2]. A.M. Polyakov. Quantum Geometry Of Bosonic Strings. Phys. Lett., B103 3: 207-210, 1981.
[3]. Brian R. Greene, C. Vafa, Nicholas P. Warner. Calabi-Yau Manifolds And Renormalization Group Flows. Nucl. Phys., B324 1: 371–390, 1989.
[4]. Michihiro Naka, Masatoshi Nozaki. Singular Calabi-Yau Manifolds And Ade Classification Of Cfts. Nucl. Phys., B599: 334–360, 2001.

ABSTRACT In this paper we try to find the approximate solution of Exponential Forced Sine Gordon equation by the Modified Homotopy perturbation method. We formulate our equation by using the modified homotopy perturbation method so as to construct our homotopy equations, which can be solved by a normal integration. Then the summations of these solutions give us the final solution of our equation. We found our graphs solutions by using Mathematica computer programs which give us a positive and negative soliton solution.

Keywords: Exponential Forced Sine Gordon equation, Modified homotopy Perturbation,

[1]. Ablowitz, M.J. And Et Al. (1996) "On The Numerical Solution Of The Sine-Gordon Equation" Journal Computer Physcis; 126:299–314.
[2]. Ablowitz, M.J. And Herbst B.M.(2006)" Homotopy-Perturbation Method And Axisymmetric Flow Over A Stretching Sheet".International Journal Of Nonlinear Science ;7:399–406.
[3]. Amey, Dj. And Et Al.(2017)" Revisiting The In Homogeneously Driven Sine Gordon Equation, Journal Of Wave Motion;73: 76- 85.
[4]. Chowdhury, M.S And Hashim, I. (2007) "Solutions Of A Class Of Singular Second- Order Ivps By Homotopy-Perturbation Method". Phys Lett. A ; 47: 439–365.
[5]. Chowdhury, M.S. And Hashim .I (2009) "Application Of Homotopy Perturbation Method To Klein Gordon And Sine Gordon Equation". Journal Chaos, Solitons Fractals; 39 : 1928–1935..

ABSTRACT: This research is based on previous research which has never used semiconductor materials from two different groups, only analyzing the effect of arrangement on transmission values without reflection values, the method used is very mathematical so it eliminates the physical meaning of electrons. So this research aims to find the transmission and reflection values in alloy semiconductor materials from groups IV-VI and II-VI using the Schrodinger equation. The materials that have been selected are arranged according to their partners to avoid band gap spikes so that the final arrangement used is PbSe – ZnTe – PbTe – ZnS..........

Keywords: Transmission; Reflection; Four Barrier, Semiconductor; Schrodinger.

[1]. Orefice A, Giovanelli R, Ditto D. The Dynamics Of Wave-Particle Duality. Journal Of Applied Mathematics And Physics. 2018;6(9): 1840-1859.
[2]. Chang Dc. Review On The Physical Basis Of Wave–Particle Duality: Conceptual Connection Between Quantum Mechanics And The Maxwell Theory. Modern Physics Letters B. 2021;35(13): 1-34.
[3]. Zhang L., Wu Ry, Bai Gd, Wu Ht, Ma Q, Chen Xq, Cui Tj. Transmission‐Reflection‐Integrated Multifunctional Coding Metasurface For Full‐Space Controls Of Electromagnetic Waves. Advanced Functional Materials. 2018;28(33): 1802205.
[4]. Perez G, Maréchal A, Chicot G, Lefranc P, Jeannin Po, Eon D, Rouger N. Diamond Semiconductor Performances In Power Electronics Applications. Diamond And Related Materials. 2020;110: 1-43.
[5]. Park Jh, Kim Dy, Schubert Ef, Cho J, Kim Jk. Fundamental Limitations Of Wide-Bandgap Semiconductors For Light-Emitting Diodes. Acs Energy Letters. 2018;3(3): 655-662.

ABSTRACT: Research has been conducted on the analysis of the effectiveness of the walls of the ATRO Bali diagnostic laboratory as a barrier to radiation exposure rates both primary and secondary radiation in preventing and minimizing radiation hazards, for radiation workers, staff, and the community inside and outside the laboratory. The radiation safety program in the use of X-ray aircraft has been regulated in Perka Bapeten No. 8 of 2011 concerning quality.........

Keywords: Radiation, Wall effectiveness, Radiation protection.

[1]. Z, Akhmadi.: Effects Of Ionizing And Non-Ionizing Radiation On Humans. Bul. Al. 5 (203), 99–112 (2004)
[2]. Agustiar: X-Ray Aircraft Room Design With A Capacity Of 125 Kv And 200ma Siti Aminah Bumi Ayu Hospital, Central Java. 6, (2009)
[3]. Bapeten Ri Nuclear Energy Supervisory Agency Of The Republic Of Indonesia: Regulation Of The Head Of Bapeten On Radiation Safety In The Use Of Diagnostic And Interventional Radiology X-Ray Aircraft. (2011)
[4]. Stephenson, S.K.: Introduction To Health Physics. (1969)
[5]. Akhadi, M.: Basics Of Radiation Protection. (2000)

ABSTRACT: Satellites are an essential part of the modern world of information and technology. A large part of our data transfer relies on these satellites. With the world moving towards space travel, any improvements to satellites positioning and longevity could be key. In addition, the last minute movements that the tether, a part of the satellite that will be explained later in the paper, can be used to manoeuvre the satellite out of the way of meteors and other satellites, thus protecting them from damage. The space debris travels at very high speeds of approximately 25,000.........

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ABSTRACT: Glass sample of zinc lithium tungsten antimony borophosphate: (45-x) P2O5:10ZnO:10Li2O:10WO3:10Sb2O3:15B2O3:xTm2O3. (where x=1,1.5 and 2 mol%) have been prepared by melt-quenching technique. The amorphous nature of the prepared glass samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. DTA curve was analysed to evaluate the glass transition temperature (Tg), onset crystallization temperature (Tc),melting temperature(Tm) and hence study the thermal properties. Optical absorption and fluorescence spectra were recorded at room temperature for all glass samples. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ωλ (λ=2, 4 and 6) are evaluated from the intensities of various absorption bands of optical absorption spectra. Using these intensity parameters various radiative properties like spontaneous emission probability, branching ratio, radiative life time and stimulated emission cross–section of various emission lines have been evaluated

Keywords: ZLTABP Glasses, Optical Properties, Judd-Ofelt Theory, Rare earth ions.

[1]. Ding, Dashuang, Gao,J.,Zhang,S.,Duo, L.(2020). The photoluminescence properties of Pr3+-Yb3+ co-doped gallo-germanate glasses and glass ceramics as energy converter.J.Lumin.226,117512.
[2]. Vighnesh,K.R.,Ramya, B.,Nimitha, S.,Wagh, A.,Sayyed,M.I.,Sakar, E.,Yakout, H.A. and Dahshan, A.(2020). Structural, optical, thermal, mechanical, morphological and radiation shielding parameters of Pr3+doped ZAIFB glass systems, Optical materials 99,109512.
[3]. Damodaraiah, S.,Prasad, V. R.,Lakshmi, R.P.V.and Ratnakaram, Y.C.(2019). Luminescence behaviour and phonon sideband analysis of europium doped Bi2O3 based phosphate glasses for red emitting device applications, Opt. Mat. 92, 352-358.
[4]. Kaur, R., Khanna,A.(2020).Photoluminescence and thermal properties of trivalent ion-doped lanthanum tellurite anti- glass composite samples, J. Lum., 225, 117375.
[5]. Meena, S.L.(2022).Spectral and Raman Analysis of Eu3+Doped in Zinc Lithium Cadmium Magnesium Borophosphate Glasses, IOSR Journal of Applied Physics,14,39-44.