IOSR-JAVS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-12 ~ DEC-2018

ABSTRACT: Biodiversity study in cotton ecosystem is very important to understand species composition of agriculturally important arthropods which mediate or regulate a variety of functions essential for plant growth and productivity, soil resource structure and ecosystem health. In order to study biodiversity of soil surface arthropods in Bt and non-Bt cotton ecosystems an attempt was made from July 2016 to February 2017 in three seasons in farmers Bt and non-Bt cotton fields. The results indicated that arthropods were recorded from 8 insect orders besides spiders and millepods. A total of 138 individuals in Bt cotton, 309 individuals in non-Bt cotton field were recorded by using pitfall traps. Arthropods collected from twenty one species in Bt and twenty five species in non-Bt cotton...........

Key Words: Biodiversity, Bt Cotton, non-Bt cotton, abundance of soil arthropods, diversity indices.

[1]. Conner, A.J., R. Glare, and J.P. Nap.2003. The release of genetically modified crops into the environment. Part-II overview of ecological risk assessment. Plant J. 33: 19 – 46
[2]. Dutton – A., H Klein Romeies, and Bigler. 2002. Uptake of Bt-toxin by herbivores feeding on transgenic maize and consequence for predator Chrysoperla Carnea. Ecol. Entomol 27 : 441 - 447.
[3]. Fitt. G.P., Marses, C.L. and Liewellyn, D.J. (1994) Field evaluation and potential ecological impact of transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in Australia, Bio Control Sci. Technol. 4 : 535 - 548.
[4]. Forrester N.W., M Cahill. I J Bird, and J.K. Layland 1993. Management of Dyrethroid and endosulfan resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Huber) in Australia. Bull Entomol. Res. 1: 132 pp
[5]. Huang, F., Higgins R.A. and Buschman, L.L(1999) Transgenic Bt-plants: Successes, Challenges and strategies. ACPC conference. Pestology : Special Issue Feb. 1999: 2-29 304-350

ABSTRACT: The forms and status of Phosphorus in soils derived from varied parent materials in Cross River State were examined. The study involved soil sampling at 0-15cm depth from five locations representative of soils formed from coastal plain sand (CPS), shale (SH), basement complex rocks (BCR) sandstone (SS) and basaltic rocks (BAR). The soils were analyzed for the various forms of P and routine soil properties using standard procedures. The results obtained indicated that total P varied widely due to the nature of parent materials and ranged from mean value of 76.8mg/kg in sandstone to mean value of 290.9mg/kg in shale with the order of relationship being SH > BAR > BCR > CPS >SS. Organic–P varied widely ranging from mean value of 22. 8 mg/kg in sandstone to 99.7mg/kg.........

Keywords: Phosphorus forms, Soils, Parent materials, Cross River State, Nigeria

[1]. Agbede, O. O. 2009. Understanding Soil and Plant Nutrition. Salman Press and company Nig. Ltd. Keffi, Nasarawa State Nigeria. Pp 260.
[2]. Agbenin, O. J. 2003. Extractable Iron and Aluminium Effects On Phosphate Sorption 5n Savanna
[3]. Alfisol. Soil Science Society of America Journal 67: 587 – 595.
[4]. Brady, N.C. and Weil, R.R (2008). The Nature and Propertie of Soils (12th ed). Prentice Hall Inc. New Jersey, USA, 992p
[5]. Bray, R. H. and Kurtz, L. T. (1945). Determination of total, organic and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science. 59 : 39 – 45.

ABSTRACT: The study was conducted at experimental field of Agricultural Research Corporation (Nertiti Station), Western Jebel Marra Locality (WJML) Central Darfur State, Sudan. The aim objective was to determine the effect of weeds reduction and seed rates on growth and other yield attributes of Crotalaria saltiana plant. A split plot design was used with four replications. The main plot included weed reduction (Weeded) and no weeding (un-weeded). Weeding was done via hand mowing. Three seed rates were also applied as sub-plot: 10, 20 and 30kg/ha. Data were analyzed by MSTAT-C. The results indicated that weeded ×20 kg/ha seed rates treatment was significantly........

Keywords: Biomass, Weeds Mowing, Tillers, Leaves.

[1]. Abla, M. I., and Hussien, M. H. Adar (2015): The growth of Blefpharis linarifolia in response to sowing method and weeding in rain-fed areas of Sudan. ARPN Journal of science and technology.
[2]. Ashton, F.M., and T.J. Monaco (1991): Weed science, principle and practice. 3rd Ed: John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY.
[3]. Braun, M. (1991): Common weeds of central Sudan/ weikersheim: Margraf, 1991 ISBN 3-8236-1201-8
[4]. DRCO (2011): Danish Refugee Council Organization. Resource assessment of cereals crops in Western Jebel Marra Locality, Central Darfur State, Sudan: Final report.
[5]. FAO, (1980): Food and Agriculture Organization. An introduction to African Pasture land production. In: stage. L.R.N. (ED): Rome Italy..

ABSTRACT: Ground water is becoming a major concern with respect to surface mining. Two major concerns are ground‐water quality and ground‐water quantity, but only the quantity aspects are addressed in this paper. Mining exerts pressure on environment at many stages such as exploration, extraction, processing, and post closure operations. Increase in production and opening of new mines do generate pressure on environment. The key environmental problems arising out of mining activities are land degradation, surface water and groundwater, degradation of forest and loss of biodiversity, soil contamination, deterioration of natural drainage system, air pollution, noise and vibrations. The principle aim of this research is to evaluate the value of integration of remote sensing and GIS techniques in monitoring the impact of mining activity on groundwater resources in around the Pallakkapalayam Limestone Mine lease areas of Komarapalayam, Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu..

Keywords: Groundwater, degradation, mining, remote sensing and GIS

[1]. ARGENT, R. M. (2004). An overview of model integration for environmental applications -components, frameworks, and semantics. Environmental Modeling & Software, 19, 219-234.
[2]. ASUQUO F.E.,Global journal of Pure and Applied Science. 1999. vol 5, pp 595-600
[3]. BACKER, L. C., & TOSTA, N. (2011). Unregulated drinking water initiative for environmental surveillance and public health. Journal of Environmental Health, 73(7), 31-32.
[4]. DAWOUD M A, DARWISH M M, EL-KADY M M (2005). GIS-based groundwater management model for western Nile delta. Water Resour Manage, 19(5): 585–604.
[5]. DESAI, A., GREENBAUM, R. T., & KIM, Y. (2009). Incorporating policy criteria in spatial analysis. American Review of Public Administration, 39(1), 23-42. doi: 10.1177/0275074007311387..

ABSTRACT: In this study, the stimulative effect of different doses of essential oil from eucalyptus plant was investigated. In the study, the effects of Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh) oil on the seed germination and vegetative development of tomato (Riogrande F1, H-2274 cv.), pepper (Üç Burun cv., Demre Sivrisi cv.) and eggplant (Aydın Siyahı cv., Topan cv.) plantlets were investigated. For this purpose, four different concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 μl/petri) of oil were applied to seeds placed in petri dishes. After germination percentages and germination rates were determined, average plant weight (mm), shoot length (mm), root length (mm), shoot and root weights (g) of the plantlets obtained at the end of the study were measured. As a result of the statistical analysis.........

Keywords: Eggplant, Essential oil, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pepper, Tomato

[1]. Anonymous (2018) www. fidebirlik org.tr
[2]. Ashraf, M., & Foolad, M. R. (2005). Pre‐sowing seed treatment—A shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and non‐saline conditions. Advances in Agronomy, 88, 223-271.
[3]. Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., & Idaomar, M. (2008). Biological effects of essential oils–a review. Food and chemical toxicology, 46(2), 446-475.
[4]. Balkaya, A., Kandemir, D., &Sarıbaş, Ş. (2015). Türkiye sebze fidesi üretimindeki son gelişmeler. TÜRKTOB Türkiye Tohumcular Birliği Dergisi, 4(13), 4-8.
[5]. Başer, K. H. C., Kürkçüoğlu, M., &Aytac, Z. (1998). Composition of the essential oil of Salvia euphratica Montbretet Aucher ex Bentham var. euphratica from Turkey. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 13(1), 63-64.

ABSTRACT: The study aimed to find out the effect of the amount of raw material, labor, output price, labor wage, raw material price, and price of other inputs on the value added amount in sago processing. Konawe District was selected purposively as study location due to its status as the main sago producing district in the province of Southeast Sulawesi. There were 26 sago processor groups existing in the district, and all of them were taken as respondents. Data and information were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using production structure and multiple regression analysis. Study results show that as a whole, variables of production capacity, the amount of raw material, labor, output price, labor wage, raw material price, and price of other input have significant effect on the value added. Partially, production capacity, the amount of raw material, output price, raw material price, and price of other input each have significant effect on the value added.

Keywords: Indonesia, processing, sago, Sulawesi, value addition

[1]. FAO, The role of agriculture in the development of LDCs and their integration in the world economy. Paper prepared for the Third United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries, Brussels, 14-20 May, 2001. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/y0491e/y0491e00.htm#TopOfPage
[2]. H. Saediman, Prioritizing commodities in Southeast Sulawesi Province of Indonesia using AHP based Borda Count Method. Asian Social Science, 11(15), 2015, 171-179.
[3]. R. Roy, M. Shivamurthy, and R.B. Radhakrishn, Impact of value addition training on participants of farmers training institutes. World Appl. Sci. J., 22(10), 2013, 1401-1411
[4]. D. Alonso, Farmers' involvement in value-added produce: the case of Alabama growers, British Food Journal, 113(2), 2011, 187-204.
[5]. FAO, The state of food security and nutrition in the world. Building resilience for peace and food security (Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 2017). Retrieved from www.fao.org/state-of-food-security-nutrition

ABSTRACT: The development of tidal swamp areas for the transmigration program which was originally thought to save a number of potential problems, it turned out that with a variety of local wisdom of its inhabitants in developing agriculture, it had made this part of the center a new economic growth center and as a food production center especially for Indonesia. Farmers who have been doing farming with a monoculture system then developed into polyculture farming between food crops and plantations. The high cost of living causes farmers to seek even higher income. This research was conducted using a survey method with primary data collection at tidal locations namely Tungkal Ilir District, Saleh Mulya District, and Telang Sari District. Primary data collection in three villages, and........

Keywords: Diversification, Tidal Lowland, Rice-Based Farming.

[1]. Becker, G.S. The Economic Approach to Human Behavior. The University of Chicago Press. Chicago (1965).
[2]. Block, S., & Webb, P. The dynamics of livelihood diversification in post-famine Ethiopia. Food Policy, 26(4), 333–350. doi:10.1016/S0306-9192(01)00015-X.
[3]. Carla Barbieri and Edward Mahoney. Why is diversification an attractive farm adjustment strategy? Insights from Texas farmers and ranchers. Journal of Rural Studies 25 (2009) 58–66.
[4]. Debertin, D. L. Agriculture Production Economics. Mac Millan Publishing Company. New York (1989).
[5]. Delke Susanti Kawau, Caroline B.D Pakasi, Mex L. Sondakh, Leonardus R.Rengkung. Kajian Pendapatan Usahatani Kelapa Dengan Diversifikasi Horizontal Pada Gapoktan Petani Jaya Di Desa Poigar 1 Keca-Matan Sinonsayang Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Ase – Volume 11 Nomor 3, September 2015: 41 – 52.

ABSTRACT: Coenurosis is a zoonotic disease of sheep and goats caused by Coenurus cerebralis, the larval form of Taenia multiceps. In addition to the neurological symptoms like the rotation of the animals around themselves, ataxia, bruxism, and incoordination, the diseased animals also suffer from atrophied brains, and osteomalacia and thinning of the skull bones. Most cases end with death in a couple of weeks. In this study, the relationship of a coenurosis case encountered in a Boer x Hair Goat crossbreed goat with certain hematological, biochemical, and clinicopathological findings were investigated. In the clinical inspections, the diseased animal displayed inanimation, lack of apatite, incoordination..........

Keywords: Boer x Hair Goat, coenurus cerebralis, blood parameters

[1]. Güçlü, F., Uslu, U., and Özdemir, Ö. Bilateral Bone Perforation Caused by Coenurus cerebralis in a Sheep: Case Report Türkiye Parazitol Derg. 2006; 30 (4), 282-284.
[2]. Nourani, H., and Kheirabadi, K. Cerebral coenurosis in a goat: pathological findings and literature review. Comparative Clinical Pathology. 2009; 18 (1), 85-87.
[3]. Yilmaz, R., Özyildiz, Z., and Yumuşak, N. Pathomorphological Findings of Coenurus cerebralis in Sheep. Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg. 2014; 3 (2), 73-77.
[4]. Bussell, K., Kinder, A., and Scott, P. Posterior paralysis in a lamb caused by a Coeneurus cerebralis cyst in the lumbar spinal cord. Veterinary Record. 1997; 140, 560.
[5]. Ozkan, C., Yildirim, S., and Kaya, A. Clinical coenurosis (Coenurus cerebralis) and associated pathological findings in a calf. Pak Vet J. 2011; 31 (3), 263-266...

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to examine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) application with reduced doses of N-P-K fertilizers on growth and yield of several promising lines of red rice grown in aerobic rice systems on raised-beds. The field experiment, carried out on farmers' land in Beleke Village, West Lombok, Indonesia, from May to September 2018, was designed according to Split Plot design with 3 blocks and two treatment factors, i.e. red rice genotypes (G) as the main plot factor (G1= MG4; G2= MG10; G3= AM4; G4= AM10), and application of AMF (M) as the sub-plot factor (M0= full recommended doses of NPK fertilizers without AMF; M1= AMF application with only.........

Keywords: Red rice; aerobic rice system; arbuscular mycorrhiza

[1]. Bouman BAM. 2001. Water-efficient management strategies in rice production. International Rice Research Notes, 26(2): 17-22.
[2]. Bouman, B.A.M., E. Humphreys, T.P. Tuong, and R. Barker, 2007a. Rice and water. Adv. Agronomy, 92: 187-237.
[3]. Bouman, B.A.M., R.M. Lampayan, and T.P. Tuong, 2007b. Water Management in Irrigated Rice: Coping with Water Scarcity.
IRRI: Los Bannos, The Philippines.
[4]. Buresh, R.J., S.K. De Datta, M.I. Samson, S. Phongpan, P. Snitwongse, A.M. Fagi and R. Tejasarwana, 1991. Dinitrogen and
Nitrous Oxide Flux from Urea Basally Applied to Puddled Rice Soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 55: 268-273.
[5]. Dhillion, S.S. and L. Ampornpan, 1992. The influence of inorganic nutrient fertilization on the growth, nutrient composition and
vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization of pretransplant rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 13: 85-
91.

ABSTRACT: Fadama III is an extension of Fadama I & II projects which were successfully executed in Taraba State. It was, however, reported by the World Bank that manpower performance was low and there was inadequate adherence to institutional provisions under Fadama II. Hence the need to look into the extent of training received by staff and the Economic Interest Groups (EIGs) in the administration of Fadama III in the state. The specific objective of the study was to determine the extent of training received by Fadama III staff in the state among others. A total of 120 Fadama User Groups, (FUG) officials and 57 Fadama III staff bringing the sample size to 177 were used as respondents for the study. Multistage and simple random sampling techniques were used. Data were collected using.........

Keywords: Extent, examine, training, Fadama III,

[1]. Agwu, A.E & Abah, H.O (2009). Attitude of farmers towards cost sharing in the second National Fadama Development Project. Journal of Agricultural extension 13(2). Internet address: http://www.ajol.info/__/42452. Retrieved on 27th April, 2012.
[2]. Arokoyo, T. (1996). Agricultural technology development and dissemination. A case study of Ghana and Nigeria experiences. An explanatory survey report prepared for the ISRA/CTA workshop on effective utilization of Agricultural research results in Western and Central Africa, Dakar.
[3]. Curriculum Vitae Tips (CVTIPS, 2012). Work experience and job search. Retrieved on 24th October 2012 from www.cvtips.com/job-search/workexperience.
[4]. Danjuma I. A., Oruonye, E.D. & Ahmed, Y.M (2016). The Socio-Economic Impact of Fadama III Project in Taraba. State: A Case Study of Jalingo Local Government Area, International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research (IJOEAR). 2(2):35-41.
[5]. Doo, A.L (2007). Assessment of monitoring and evaluation units of the agricultural development programme in the middlebelt of Nigeria. A M. Sc thesis, Department of Agricultural Extension University of Nigeria, Nsukka..

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to determine the effects of acetic acid, different buffers and their pH levels on Striga germination, early seedling growth and toxicity effect on Striga hermothica.Further the effects of pH on germination inducing activity and was determined. Results displayed that all acetic acid concentrations applied to Striga seed during conditioning significantly inhibited germination as compared to the control. Acetic acid at the lowest concentration (0.57μM) had an inhibitory effect as compared to the control. Furthermore, acetic acid at the highest concentration (5.7×107 μM) completely inhibited germination (100 %) as compared to the control. However..........

Keywords: Acetic acid, Buffer, Germination, pH, Striga

[1]. Diaz P. 2002. Vinegar of Organic Weed Killers. http:// www.epa.gov/pesticide/food/organics.htm. Accessed 27 February 2011.
[2]. Evans, G. J. Bellinder, R. R. and Hahn, R. R. 2011. Integration of Vinegar for In-Row Weed Control in Transplanted Bell Pepper and Broccoli. Weed Technology: July-September. 25(3): 459-465.
[3]. Webber, C.L. and Shrefler J.W. 2006. Vinegar as a burn-down herbicide: Acetic acid concentrations, application volumes, and adjuvants. 2005 Vegetable Weed Control Studies, Oklahoma State University, Division of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture. Stillwater, OK. MP-162, pp. 29-30.
[4]. Spancer D.F. and G.G. Ksander. 1997. Dilute Acetic Acid Exposure Enhances Electrolyte Leakage by Hydrillaverticillata and Potamogetonpectinatus Tuber. Journal Aqual Plant Manage. 35: 25-30.
[5]. Sauerborn, J., D. Müller-Stöver, and J. Hershenhorn. 2007. The role of biological control in managing parasitic weeds. Crop Protection 26(3), 246–254.

ABSTRACT: This study was carried out to examine the impact of Gliricidia sepium- based hedgerow inter-cropping system on density and diversity of weed species, a quadrant of 0.5m × 0.5m was thrown on the plot at random, the weeds under the quadrant was identified and counted (i.e. density), this procedure was carried out four times at each of the two locations, the resulting samples were oven dried at temperature of 60˚C to get constant moisture content level, thereafter the biomass of each samples was known,student T-test was be used to compare the significant difference between densities of weed species at the agroforestry plot and bush fallow plot, and Shannon wienner diversity index was used to determine the species diversity in the two plots, a total numbers of thirty eight individuals belonging to 7 families was identified in the total of 1m2 of Bushfallow plot surveyed,having diversity index is.........

Keywords: Biomass, Density, Gliricidiasepium, Hedgerow intercropping, Shannon Wiener

[1]. Tusher, S (2015). Land: Meaning and Importance and Other Details. Economics discussion.
[2]. FAO (2004): State of the World Forest. FAO Rome. 74 pp
[3]. O'Gara Fergal (2010), striking the balance: Conservation Farming and Gracing Systems for the Semi-arid Tropics of Northern Territory: 2nd edition, Northern Territory Agricultural Associated incorporated, Australia, 22pp.

[4]. Nair, P.K.R., (1993): An Introduction to Agroforestry. The Netherlands. Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp 499.
[5]. Batshi, D., R., Kohli, R., K., Jose, S., Singh P., H. (2008) Allelopathic Tree Crop Interactions Under Agroforestry Systems, Ecological Basis OfAgroforestry.V 3 (37-50).

ABSTRACT: The essential oils from the aerial parts of Artemisia herba alba and A. Judica growing wild in Tabuk region at North of Saudi and Saint Catherine analyzed by GC-MS analysis. The goal was to study the effect of different environmental conditions on the content of total phenolics and on the chemical composition of essential oils of two species of Artemisia, as adaptability indicator to prove that the plants may react with environmental stresses by the production of these compounds, which is reflected on the potency of its allelopathic effect as a competitive strategy of these species. The present research indicated that the total phenolic contents and chemical composition of essential oils of both species of Artemisia are influenced by the difference in the environmental conditions.........

Keywords: Allelophathic effect, Artemisia herb alba, Artemisia judica. phenolic content, volatile oils,

[1]. A. K. Pandey and N.N. Tripathi, Aromatic plants of Gorakhpur forest division: Their antimycotic property and medicinal value, Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res., 7, 2011, 142–1471.
[2]. A. Emami, S. Zamani Taghizadeh Rabe, A. Ahi and M. Mahmoudi, The inhibitory effect of Artemisia Annua extracts on gastric cancer cells via apoptosis induction. Shahrekord Univ., Med Sci J., 11, 2010, 1–11.

[3]. A.H. Gilani and K.H. Janbaz, Protective effect of Artemisia scoparia extract against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity General Pharmacology, 1993.

[4]. M.H. Dashti, A. Morshedi, M.Dehghan and M.A. Bagherinasab, The Effect of Artemisia sieberi Besser on Inflammatory and Neurogenic Pain in Mice. J Med Plant., 10, 2011, 48–57.
[5]. K.S. Kim, S. Lee, Y.S. Lee, S.H. Jung, Y.Park and Shin, et al. Antioxidant activities of the extract from the herbs of Artemisia apiacea. J Ethnopharmacol. , 85, 2003, 69- 72...