Volume-7 ~ Issue-2 ~Mar. – Apr. 2021

Abstract: Background: Fruits are relatively easy to authenticate morphologically when intact and fresh. However, the act of processing them into juice gives rise to the possibility of substitution with cheaper products. For this reason, processed food products authentication is primarily significant for consumers, industries, and regulatory agencies. Effective, reliable, and rapid food authentication methods are valuable tools for identification of natural fruit pulp in reconstituted fruit juices to ensure juice quality and safety hence mitigate adulteration and fraud. Molecular-based methods have recently acquired immense priority for their ability to pick food material source at any stage along the food supply chain. This study focused on evaluation of two DNA isolation protocols from processed plant products specifically reconstituted juices. The robustness and sensitivity of the protocol for genomic DNA recovery from processed juices determines DNA quality and purity. This is because the degradation and chemical additives........

Key Word: rbcL, psbA, CTAB, SDS

Abstract: Ginkgo biloba L. (Gymnosperm) is a medicinal and nutrient-rich plant due to its high level of flavonoid content.Various bioinformatics resources were used in this study for characterization of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) from Ginkgo biloba L. as key enzymes in involved pathway of plant flavonoids, the anthocyanin and other important secondary metabolites in plants.The full-length cDNA of PAL gene sequence (GbPAL) was isolated from G. bilobacontained a 2172bp open reading frame(ORF) encoding a 724 amino acid protein.As well as, multiple alignment analysis and phylogenetic analysis revealed that GbPAL has high identity with other plant PALs.In addition, each subunit is composed of an MIO domain, a core domain and an inserted shielding domain. The highly conserved Ala-Ser-Gly triad, which acts as an active site for cyclization and dehydration for MIO group formation, was......

Key Word: Ginkgo biloba L., Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL),GbPAL, flavonoid, anthocyanin biosynthesis, predicted structure protein

Abstract: Background: AIDS is highly infectious and leads to mortality and morbidity rates that are high because of opportunitistic infection due to immune-suppression. Materials and Methods: A study population of 130 participants from Machakos County was selected after signed informed consent and followed in a cohort study for a three year period. The participants received health talks on beneficial adherence to ARVs, food intake that allowed biodiversity of 13 plus food species, bioavailability of micronutrients, essential vitamins and use of fortified foods alongside balanced diets and household food supply. Emphasis was made on: receiving 13 plus biodiversity of foods intake, sufficient supply of essential vitamins A, C, D, E, K and others like B Complex especially Biotin and folic Acid, prayers and professional Counseling on adherence to ARVs......

Key Word: Micronutrients, Biochemical, Balance, Biotin