iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-12 ~ Dec. 2022

Abstract: Introduction: Locally advanced head and neck carcinomas constitute a substantial proportion of cancer patients in Bangladesh. The common practice is to treat the condition by conventional fractionation (2 gray/fraction, total dose 66 gray). Hypo-fractionated radiotherapy (2.75 gray/fraction, total 55 gray) might be able to produce a similar response in a shorter time. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to determine tumor response and toxicities in hypo-fractionated radiotherapy. Methods: This Quasi-Experimental study was conducted at the Department of Oncology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh......

Keywords: Chemotherapy, Carcinoma, Radiotherapy, Fractionated, Hypo-Fractionated

[1]. Cancer [Internet]. Who.int. [cited 2022 Dec 4]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer
[2]. Cancer Bangladesh 2020 Country profile [Internet]. Who.int. [cited 2022 Dec 4]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/cancer-bgd-2020
[3]. Symonds, P., Deehan, C., Mills, J. and Meredith, C. (eds.). (2012). Walter and Miller's textbook of radiotherapy. 7th ed. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchhill Livingstone.
[4]. Cancer today [Internet]. Iarc.fr. [cited 2022 Dec 4]. Available from: http://gco.iarc.fr/today/home
[5]. Kurumatani N, Kirita T, Zheng Y, Sugimura M, Yonemasu K. Time trends in the mortality rates for tobacco-and alcohol-related cancers within the oral cavity and pharynx in Japan, 1950-94. Journal of epidemiology. 1999;9(1):46-52.

Abstract: Introduction: Ultrasonographic (US) color Doppler twinkling (or twinkle) artifact is a phenomenon that may aid in the detection of nephrolithiasis. Commonly seen in the Doppler circuitry of the US machine, this artifact is probably caused by a type of intrinsic noise known as clock jitter at color Doppler imaging when insolating certain rough reflective surfaces. It appears as a distinct point of alternating colors that may or may not have a comet tail. Aim of the study: The study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic usage of twinkling artifact in color Doppler ultrasonogram for detection of kidney stones.....

Key Word: Artifact, Urinary, Stones, Color-Doppler, Ultrasonogram.

[1]. Chelfouh N, Greiner N, Higueret D, Characterization of urinary calculi: in vitro study of "twinkling artifact" revealed by color-flow sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 1998; 171:1055-1060.
[2]. Kielar AZ, Shabana W, Vakili M, Rubin J. Prospective evaluation of Doppler sonography to detect the twinkling artifact versus unenhanced computed tomography for identifying urinary tract calculi. J Ultrasound Med. 2012; 31(10): 1619-25.
[3]. Ustymowhich AJ. Kreja, and Mariak Z, Twinkling artifact in color Doppler Imaging of the orbit, J Ultrasound med 2002; 21: 559-563.
[4]. Ulusan S, KocZ, Tokmark N: Accuracy of sonography for detecting renal stone: comparison with CT. J Clin Ultrasound 2007;35(5):256-261.
[5]. Weizuo L: The clinical significance of Towinkling Artifact on Color Doppler Sonography in the Diagnosis of Renal stones. Shandong University. 2010; CLC; 445-451.

Abstract: Vogt Koyanagi syndrome is bilateral granulomatous panuveitis with or without extra ocular manifestation1. It is autoimmune reaction against melanocyte containing tissues mediated by cellular immune responses4. A 46 year old female came to ophthalmology OPD with chief complaint of gross diminution of vision in both eyes left>right since 1 month sudden in onset rapidly progressive in nature. On detailed ophthalmological and neurological and dermatological examination patient was started on pulse therapy of IV steroids which showed improvement in vision followed by tapering of oral steroids with initiation of non steroidal immunosuppressive agents..

Key Word: Vogt koyanagi harada syndrome, steroids.

[1]. Yanoff Myron and Duker Jay. Yanoff & Duker: Ophthalmology, 3rd Ed. Mosby, 2008
[2]. ↑ Jump up to:2.0 2.1 2.2 Agarwal, Anita. Gass's Atlas of Macular Diseases, 5th Ed. China, Saunders; 2012:998-1002
[3]. ↑ Jump up to:3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Nussenblatt Robert and Whitcup Scott. Uveitis: Fundamentals and Clinical Practice, 4th Ed. Mosby El Sevier;
2010:303-318
[4]. Read RW, Holland GN, Rao NA, et al. Revised diagnostic criteria for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease: report of an international committee on nomenclature. Am J Ophthalmol 2001;131:647–652
[5]. Attia S, Khochtali S, Kahloun R, Zaouali S, Khairallah M. Vogt – Koyanagi – Harada disease. Expert Rev. Ophthalmol. 2012; 7(6):565-585

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Superior oblique palsy is the most common isolated palsy of an extraocular muscle.In this case report we present a case of a male patient with idiopathic isolated unilateral superior oblique palsy. CLINICAL DESCRIPTION: A 55 yr old male presented with complaints of blurring of vision at far and near with painless,non-progressive intermittent vertical diplopia while looking downwards. There was no history of trauma,no other cranial nerve abnormalities. No medical illness in the past. On ophthalmic examination, the best corrected visual acuity in both eyes were 6/6.ocular position.....

Key Word: Superior oblique palsy,SO Palsy,Vertical Diplopia,Trochlear nerve,occludable glasses.

[1]. Mollan SP,Edwards JH,Price A,Abbott J,Burdon MA.Aetiology and outcomes of adult superior oblique palsies:a modern series.Eye(Lond).2009;23(3):640-644
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[5]. Bielschowsky A.Lectures on motor anomalies of the eyes :II.Paralysis of individual eye muscles.Arch Ophthalmol.1935;13:33-59.

Abstract: Growing skeletal class III patients always possess various challenges for orthodontists and if the patient has both maxillary deficiency and mandibular prognathism, then there is confusion whether to use protraction headgear or chin-cup therapy. We have modified the design of the protraction headgear in an easy and simple manner by applying additional force on chin-cup component. The aim of the clinical innovation is to address both maxillary deficiency and mandibular prognathism skeletal problems and to take benefits of both the appliances together i.e. protraction headgear and chin-cup..

Key Word: Protraction Headgear, Growing Class III patient, Chip cup

[1]. Takada K, Petdachai S, Sakuda M. Changes in dentofacial morphology in skeletal Class III children treated by a modified maxillary protraction headgear and a chin cup: a longitudinal cephalometric appraisal. The European Journal of Orthodontics 1993;15:211–21.
[2]. Graber LW. Chin cup therapy for mandibular prognathism. American Journal of Orthodontics 1977;72:23–41.
[3]. Nanda R. Biomechanical and clinical considerations of a modified protraction headgear. American Journal of Orthodontics 1980;78:125–39..

Abstract: Background: Acute appendicitis is the commonest surgical emergency. It can be diagnosed by clinical examination alone but ultrasound and CT scan have also been employed to get a definitive diagnosis in unclear cases. We have evaluated the role of Modified Alvarado score in the diagnosis of this disease with the aim to increase the sensitivity of the clinical diagnosis and decrease the use of expensive and time-consuming tests. Materials and methods: 50 cases of acute appendicitis were evaluated on the basis of Modified Alvarado score in this prospective study over the period......

Key Word: appendicitis, appendicectomy, Modified Alvarado score

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Abstract: Background: Neuromyelitis optica or Devics disease is a rare inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of CNS affectingspinal cord and optic nerve with prevalence of 1-10 / 100,000 individuals worldwide. It has varied manifestations like loss of vision in one or both eyes with optic neuritis developing within days to weeks with subsequent transverse myelitis, grouped as spectrum disorder (NMOSD) . Case Presentation: A 24yr old obese female with diminution of vision with pain in LE, headache since 10 days followed by numbness of bilateral upper and lower limbs, difficulty in walking and getting up from squatting position for 3 days. On ocular examination.......

Key Word: Neuromyelitis optica, optic neuritis, AQP4 antibody

[1]. Tambunan L, Ritarwan K, Surbakti KP. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report of EffectiveCombination Immunosuppressant, Corticosteroids, and Therapeutic Plasma Exchange. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019 Oct 14;7(20):3433-3436. doi: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.439. PMID: 32002068; PMCID: PMC6980818
[2]. Yaregal S, Bekele N, Gebrewold Y, Tadesse A. Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Case Report. Int Med Case Rep J. 2021 Sep 21;14:643-648. doi: 10.2147/IMCRJ.S334362. PMID: 34584464; PMCID: PMC8464318.
[3]. Badri N, Teleb M, Syed S, Wardi M, Porres-Aguilar M, Cruz-Flores S: Seronegative Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report of a Hispanic Male. Case Rep Neurol 2016;8:102-107. doi: 10.1159/000446105
[4]. Subedi Y, Joshi U, Bhandari SS, Pokharel A, Pokharel A. Neuromyelitis Optica in a Nepalese Man. Case Rep Neurol Med.

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both.....

[1]. Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BE. Prevalence of and risk factors for dry eye syndrome. Arch Ophthalmol. 2000;118:1264–8.
[2]. Pai S, Pai SR, Ashwin. A, A. NK, Kini RD. A comparative study of changes in tear film function in normal and type ii diabetic subjects in south Indian population. Int J Biomed Adv Res [Internet]. 2011 Oct 9 [cited 2014Mar 21];2(7). Available from: http://ijbar.ssjournals.com/index.php/journal/article/view/55
[3]. Yoon K-C, Im S-K, Seo M-S. Changes of tear film and ocular surface in diabetes mellitus. Korean J Ophthalmol KJO. 2004;18:168–74.
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Abstract: Background: There is rising incidence of chronic kidney disease which poses major problem for both health care and economy in future years.Despite the improvement in quality of dialysis over the past decade, mortality in the ESRD population is high and has been increasing.A 4‐year prospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital to determine the factors influencing survival among patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: A total of 396 patients with end stage renal disease who were started on maintenance hemodialysis twice or thrice.......

Key Word: Hemodialysis, mortality, survival

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Abstract: L'agénésie complète du pancréas dorsal (ADP) est une malformation congénitale rare caractérisée par l'absence du corps et de queue du pancréas.Cette anomalie congénitale résulte d'une défaillance embryologique du bourgeonnement pancréatique dorsal chez le foetus en développement.Seulement une centaine de cas ont été signalés dans la littérature mondiale. Nous rapportons un cas supplémentaire d'une patiente présentant une agénésie complète du pancréas dorsal révélée par des douleurs abdominales chroniques depuis l'enfance et une pancréatite aiguë récurrente. Ainsi, le diagnostic de l'agénésie complète du pancréas dorsal a été porté par scanner, et IRM..

Key Word: Agénésie du pancréas dorsal, Douleur abdominale, Pancréatite aigüe

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Abstract: Introduction: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgically correctable cause of abdominal pain. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis is mainly clinical; however, a decision to operate based on clinical suspicion alone can lead to removal of a normal appendix in 15-30% cases. A delay in the diagnosis and management can lead to complications such as appendicular rupture, abscess and peritonitis. Materials and Methods: During the period of study from 1st June 2021 to 31st May 2022, 102 patients with presumptive diagnosis of acute appendicitis admitted in Department of Surgery, GMCH were taken up for the purpose of the study. Appropriate.......

Key Word: Acute appendicitis, Alvarado scoring, Ultrasonography

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