iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2023

Abstract: Background : Postoperative pain after craniotomy is an important clinical concern because it might lead to a number of adverse consequences. Opioids have been the mainstay of analgesic medications, but considering the side effects of opioids, several studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of local anesthetics, especially the scalp block, on postoperative pain. However, the strength of evidence supporting this practice for postoperative pain after craniotomy was unclear and the best occasion of scalp block was also not identified. Methods: The study was conducted in the department of Anaesthesiology at Cardiothoracic and neurosciences center, Gauhati Medical College & Hospital during the period of July, 2022 to June, 2023. After obtaining institutional ethics committee......

[1]. Jayaram K, Srilata M, Kulkarni D, Ramachandran G. Regional Anesthesia To Scalp For Craniotomy: Innovation With Innervation. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2016;28:32–7.
[2]. Guilfoyle MR, Helmy A, Duane D, Hutchinson PJ. Regional Scalp Block For Postcraniotomy Analgesia: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Anesth Analg. 2013;116:1093–102.
[3]. Carella M, Tran G, Bonhomme VL, Franssen C. Influence Of Levobupivacaine Regional Scalp Block On Hemodynamic Stability, Intra-And Postoperative Opioid Consumption In Supratentorial Craniotomies: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Analg. 2021;132:500–11.
[4]. Theerth KA, Sriganesh K, Reddy KR, Chakrabarti D, Rao GS. Analgesia Nociception Index-Guided Intraoperative Fentanyl Consumption And Postoperative Analgesia In Patients Receiving Scalp Block Versus Incision-Site Infiltration For Craniotomy. Minerva Anestesiol. 2018;84:1361–8.
[5]. Kulikov A, Tere V, Sergi PG, Pugliese F, Lubnin A, Bilotta F. Preoperative Versus Postoperative Scalp Block Combined With Incision Line Infiltration For Pain Control After Supratentorial Craniotomy. Clin J Pain. 2021;37:194–8.

Abstract: Oral soft tissue defects are a frequently encountered problem in dental praxis. Tooth loss, tooth root or implant recessions, infections, or trauma/accidents require soft tissue reconstruction. Over the course of decades, numerous techniques and research have been conducted in and around soft tissues to achieve functional and aesthetically satisfying solutions for the patient. An overview of the rationale for peri-implant soft tissue augmentation procedures in the oral cavity and different methods for correcting aesthetic and pathologic discrepancies associated with definitively restored implant crowns and other defects have been developed. Combining the gained knowledge from these studies may offer valuable cues on how to choose the best approach and means to curb daily challenges in dentistry......

Key Word: soft tissue augmentation, dental implant, ridge augmentation, esthetic dentistry

[1]. Jan Wolff, Elisabet Farre-Guasch, George K. Sandor, Et Al. Soft Tissue Augmentation Techniques And Materials Used In Oral Cavity: An Overview. Implant Dentistry / 2016;25(3):427-434
[2]. Lauren E. Anderson, Marita R. Inglehart, Karim El-Kholy, Et Al. Implant Aasociated Soft Tissue Defects In The Anterior Maxilla: A Randomized Control Trial Comparing Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft And Acellular Dermal Matrix Allograft. Implant Dentistry, 2014;23(4):416-425
[3]. Patrick Palacci, Hessam Nowzari. Soft Tissue Enhancements Around Dental Implants Periodontology 2000, 2008;47:113-132
[4]. Jimmy Vellis, Ahmad Kutkut, Mohanad Al-Sabbagh. Comparison Of Xenogeneic Collagen Matrix Vs. Free Gingival Grafts To Increase The Zone Of Keratinised Mucosa Around Functioning Implants. Implant Dentistry, 2018;28(1):20-27
[5]. Sculean Et Al. Soft-Tissue Management As Part Of The Surgical Treatment Of Periimplantitis: A Narrative Review. Implant Dentistry, 2019;28(2):210-216

Abstract: Introduction: At the beginning of the fixed orthodontic appliances system all the teeth were banded. Following the introduction of acid etching of enamel, orthodontic brackets are now bonded routinely with resin adhesives to incisors, canines, and premolars as part of a fixed orthodontic appliances system. But molar bands remained as routine practice. The comparison of molar bands and bondable buccal tubes upon periodontal status during orthodontic treatment are currently being investigated more intensely. Aim of the study: To compare molar bands with bondable buccal tubes upon the periodontal status of orthodontic patients......

Keywords: Molar bands, Bondable buccal tubes, Orthodontic patients, Periodontal status

[1]. Buonocore MG. A Simple Method Of Increasing The Adhesion Of Acrylic Filling Materials To Enamel Surfaces. J Dent Res. 1955;34: 849–853.
[2]. Zachrisson BU. A Post-Treatment Evaluation Of Direct Bonding In Orthodontics. Am J Orthod.1977; 71:173–189
[3]. Mizrahi E. Orthodontic Bands And Directly Bonded Brackets: A Review Of Clinical Failure Rates. J Dent. 1983; 11:231–236.
[4]. Millett DT, Gordon PH. A 5-Year Clinical Review Of Bond Failure With A Non-Mix Adhesive (Right-On). Eur J Orthod. 1994; 16:203– 211.
[5]. Sallum E J Et Al. 2004 Clinical And Microbiologic Changes After Removal Of Orthodontic Appliances. American Journal Of Orthodontics And Dentofacial Orthopedics 126: 363 – 366

Abstract: Amyloidosis is a condition characterised by extracellular deposition of fibrillar proteins arranged in beta-pleated sheets, the formation of which is irreversible, thus impairing the proper functioning of various tissues. There are several types of amyloidosis, depending on the specific protein involved: Amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, Serum amyloid A protein (AA) amyloidosis, hereditary amyloidosis, senile amyloidosis and haemodialysis amyloidosis. AL amyloidosis is secondary to the synthesis of a light or exceptionally heavy chain of isolated monoclonal immunoglobulins....

Keywords: AL amyloidosis, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Macroglossia, Kappa light chain, Myeloma

[1]. Merlini G, Bellotti V (2003) Molecular Mechanisms Of Amyloidosis. N Engl J Med 349 (6):583–596.
[2]. Lachmann HJ, Hawkins PN (2006) Systemic Amyloidosis. Curr Opin Pharmacol 6(2):214–220.
[3]. Wechalekar AD, Gillmore JD, Hawkins PN (2016) Systemic Amyloidosis. Lancet 387 (10038):2641–2654.
[4]. Kastritis E, Dimopoulos MA (2016) Recent Advances In The Management Of AL Amyloidosis. Br J Haematol 172(2):170–186.
[5]. Kaplan B, Ramirez-Alvarado M, Sikkink L, Golderman S, Dispenzieri A, Livneh A, Gallo G (2009) Free Light Chains In Plasma Of Patients With Light Chain Amyloidosis And Non-Amyloid Light Chain Deposition Disease. High Proportion And Heterogeneity Of Disulfide-Linked Monoclonal Free Light Chains As Pathogenic Features Of Amyloid Disease. Br J Haematol 144 (5):705–715

Abstract: Background: This study aimed to evaluate patient satisfaction of implant-supported fixed prostheses using the All-on-4 concept for mandibular rehabilitation in comparison to conventional complete denture.
Materials and methods: Six edentulous patients will be selected from pervious study already have implants inserted in their mandibular ridges according to the All- on -4 concept. Three months after osseointegration, patients received fixed prosthesis (FP). Patient satisfaction was measured 3 months after wearing each of the following prostheses: complete denture CD (control) , and FP.....

Keywords: all-on -4 ,fixed prosthesis, implant , satisfaction

[1]. Menassa M, De Grandmont P, Audy N, Durand R, Rompré P, Emami E. Patients' Expectations, Satisfaction, And Quality Of Life With Immediate Loading Protocol. Clinical Oral Implants Research. 2014;27(1):83-9.
[2]. Faria PEP, Masalskas B, Heyden A, Rasmusson L, Salata LA. Immediate Loading Of Implants In The Edentulous Mandible: A Multicentre Study. Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery. 2016;20(4):385-90.
[3]. Moraschini V, Velloso G, Luz D, Cavalcante DM, Barboza Edsp. Fixed Rehabilitation Of Edentulous Mandibles Using 2 To 4 Implants. Implant Dentistry. 2016;25(3):435-44.
[4]. Attard NJ, Zarb GA. Long-Term Treatment Outcomes In Edentulous Patients With Implant-Fixed Prostheses: The Toronto Study. The Journal Of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2005;93(1):94.
[5]. Malo P, De Araujo Nobre M, Lopes A. The Use Of Computer-Guided Flapless Implant Surgery And Four Implants Placed In Immediate Function To Support A Fixed Denture: Preliminary Results After A Mean Follow-Up Period Of Thirteen Months. The Journal Of Prosthetic Dentistry. 2007;97(6):S26-S34

Abstract: Airbags have been responsible for saving numerous lives since their inception; however, their deployment can also result in significant injuries. Within the context of this report, we present a case study involving a 12-year-old who experienced a motor vehicle accident (MVA) and subsequently developed intravitreous hemorrhage, macular hole, submacular hemorrhage, and choroid rupture . Following the administration of a corticosteroid bolus at a dosage of 10mg/kg/day, the patient exhibited a significant improvement in visual acuity, progressing from a 1/10 to 6/10 within a week in both eyes. Throughout the monitoring period, no complications were observed.

....

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) represents a significant global public health concern. The extrapulmonary manifestations of TB can pose challenges in terms of accurate diagnosis. Thoracic cold abscess is a rare and unusual form of TB. Its radioclinical aspects are nonspecific, which makes the diagnosis challenging. In endemic areas, any painless progressive abscess should suggest a tuberculosis infection. Although the Xpert MTB/Rif test has significantly improved diagnostic accuracy, a positive......

Keywords: Tuberculosis; Thoracic cold abscess; Xpert MTB/Rif.

[1]. El Hassane Kabiri, Essotina Ayouba Alassane, Maruis Kemini Kamdem Et Al. Abcès Froid Tuberculeux De La Paroi Thoracique : Une Expérience Clinique Et Chirurgicale. Rapport De 16 Cas (Série De Cas) Annales De Médecine Et De Chirurgie, Volume 51, Mars 2020, Pages 54-58.
[2]. WHO Report 2021.
[3]. Hanane Benjelloun, Sanaa Morad, Nahid Zaghba, Abdelaziz Bakhatar, Najiba Yassine, Abdelkrim Bahlaoui. Les Abcès Froids Pariétaux Thoraciques Chez Les Sujets Immunocompétents. Pan Africanmedical Journal. 2015; 20:161
Doi:10.11604/Pamj.2015.20.161.5773.
[4]. Mahouachi R, Zendah I, Taktak S, Chtourou A, Ben Chaabane R, Gharbi R. Tuberculose De La Paroi Thoracique. Rev Pneumol Clin 2006 ; 62 : 56-8.
[5]. Trombati N, Afif H, Farouki Z, Bahlaoui A, Aichane A, Bouayad Z. La Tuberculose Pariétale Thoracique En Dehors De L'immunodépression Par Le Virus De L'immunodéficience Humaine. Rev Mal Respir 2001 ; 18 : 301-4.

Abstract: As per NCPR, India houses 1/3 rd. of the total oral cancer cases worldwide. In India, oral cancer accounts for 30% of total cancer burden. [1] The etiopathology of oral carcinoma has always been an enigma to the pathologists. Several etiological factor in the name of carcinogen, co-carcinogen, promoters have found their association in etiogenesis of oral carcinoma......

[1]. 1. Report Of National Cancer Registry Programme (2012-2016):National Cancer Registry Programme ICMR BANGALORE (INDIA) 2020
[2]. Zixuan Li, Gang Chen, Panpan Wang, Minglei Sun, Junfang Zhao, Ang Li, 3and Qiang Sun, Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021; 11: 780067.
[3]. Published Online 2021 Dec 9. Doi: 10.3389/Fcimb.2021.780067
[4]. Zhang L, Liu Y, Zheng HJ And Zhang CP (2020) The Oral Microbiota May Have Influence On Oral Cancer.Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 9:476.Doi: 10.3389/Fcimb.2019.00476
[5]. Zhao, H., Chu, M., Huang, Z. Et Al. Variations In Oral Microbiota Associated With Oral Cancer. Sci Rep 7, 11773 (2017). Https://Doi.Org/10.1038/S41598-017-11779-9

Abstract: Background: Aim to report a case series of three cases of exotropia. Two patients had outward deviation in left eye and one patient had in right eye. Normally visual axis of the two eyes is parallel to each other in the primary positions of gaze. A misalignment of the visual axes of the two eyes is called strabismus or squint. It can be classified as pseudo strabismus, latent and manifest squint. Heterotropia again classified as concomitant and incomitant squint. Here we report three cases of exotropia with three different variations. Informed as well as pre operative consent was taken. We explained here a successful surgical method of strabismus surgery and its associated complications. Detail history with careful preoperative work up and examination was done. Cases and observations......

Keywords: abnormal head posture (AHP), anesthesia, amblyopic, binocular single vision (BSV) ,exotropia, gaze, strabismus, surgery.

[1]. Comprehensive Ophthalmology. Text Book Of A K Khurana Fourth Edition. Chapter 13 Strabismus And Nystagmus. Page No. 321.
[2]. Intermittent Exotropia : A Major Review By Dr Rahul Bhola MD . January 19, 2006. Eye Rounds.Org. The University Of Iowa Ophthalmology And Visual Science.
[3]. Archer SM, Sondhi N Et Al: Strabismus In Infancy. Ophthalmology 1989; 96: 133
[4]. Nixon RB Et Al : Incidence Of Strabismus In Neonates. Am J Ophthalmology 1985 :100; 798
[5]. Archer SM Et Al: Strabismus And Eye Movement Disorders. In Isenberg SJ (Ed). The Eye In Infancy 1994 Mosby, Pg 255

Abstract: Summary : Sclero stin is a relatively new bone biomarker a small protein that is synthesized in osteocytes. Sclerostin exerts its effects by binding to membrane receptors found on the plasmalemma of osteoblasts. Sclerostin has antianabolic effects on bone formation. Thus , it inhibits bone formation by regulating osteoblast function. Sclerostin production is inhibited by parathyroid hormone and by certain cytokines, including prostaglandin E2. Its production is stimulated by calcitonin. The main objective of our study wa.....

Key words :sclerostin , bone mineral disorders, ch ronic kidney disease, predialysis patients, hemodialysis treatment.

[1]. A. Bouquegneau, P. Evenepoel, F. Paquot, O. Malaise, E. Cavalier, P. Delanaye Sclerostin Within The Chronic Kidney Disease
Spectrum C lin Chim Acta, 502 (2020), Pp. 84 90
[2]. J. Cunningham, G.A. Block, G.M. Chertow, Et Al. Etelcalcetide Is Effective At All Levels Of Severity Of Secondary
Hyperparathyroidism In Hemodialysis Patients Kidney Int Rep, 4 (7) (2019), Pp. 987 994
[3]. Kanbay, M., Siriopol , D., Saglam, M., Kurt, Y.G., Gok, M., Cetinkaya, H., Karaman, M., Unal, H.U., Oguz, Y., Sari, S., Eyileten, T.,
Goldsmith, D., Vural, A., Veisa, G., Covic, A., Yilmaz, M.I., Serum Sclerostin And Adverse Outcomes In Nondialyzed Chronic
Kidney Disease Pat ients. 2014. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 99, E1854 1861
[4]. Luciano Artur Lopes Pereiraabc Catarina Mengab Manuel Augusto Gonçalves Amoedod Maria Teresa De Sousa Costa Pinto
Ferreira Mendese Marco Alexandre Mateus Prazeres Marquesfjoão Miguel Machado Dória Fraz ãoabc André Luiz Loureiro
Weigertgh Etelcalcetide Controls Secondary Hyperparathyroidism And Raises Sclerostin Levels In Hemodialysis Patients
Previously Uncontrolled With Cinacalcet Nefrología 2021
[5]. Pelletier, S., Dubourg, L., Carlier, M. C., Hadj Aissa, A., Fouque, D. The Relation Between Renal Function And Serum Sclerostin
In Adult Patients With Ckd. 2013. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 8, 819 823

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ankle fractures that involve the weight-bearing distal tibial articular surface are known as pilon fractures, that are often an open fracture. The use of the Ilizarov external fixator in treating pilon fractures is beneficial in preserving the endosteal and periosteal blood supply. MATERIAL AND METHODS:present study was conducted on 25 patients who attended the Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College, Srinagar (Bone and Joint Surgery) from 2020 to 2022, all fractures were classified and management done by using illizarovs ring fixator. Study was done to assess the results of ilizarov ring fixator in tibial pilon fractures.......

Keywords: Pilon fractures, ilizarov ring fixation, tibial fractures.

[1]. Destot E.Traumatismes Du Pied Etrayons × Malleoles ,Astragale, Calcaneum, Avant-Pied. Paris: Masson; 1911. P. 1–10.
[2]. Bonar SK,Marsh Jltibial Plafond Fractures: Changing Principles Of Treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2:297-305, 1994.
[3]. Helfet DL, Koval K, Pappas J, Etal:Intraarticular Pilon Fracture Of The Tibia. Clin Orthop 298:221-229, 1994.
[4]. Marsh JL, Bonar S, Nepola JV, Decoster TA, Hurwitz SR. Use Of An Articulated External Fixator For Fracture Soft The Tibial Plafond. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1995;77 A:1498-509.
[5]. Barbieri R,Schenk RS,Aurori KC,Et Al.Hybrid External Fixation In The Treatment Of Tibial Pilon Fractures. Presented At The 11th Annual Meeting Of The Orthopaedic Trauma Association. Tampa (FL), September, 1995.

Abstract: Background: The diagnosis of osteoporosis relies on the quantitative assessment of BMD, which is currently considered the best predictor of osteoporotic fractures. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the current standard method to assess bone mineral density (BMD). However, access to this method may be limited. In the other hand, x-ray is inexpensive, easy to perform and widely available method. Although common, osteoporosis can be clinically silent, and without prevention and screening, the costs of osteoporotic fracture–related morbidity and mortality will burden healthcare systems especially in developing countries. Objective: To assess the diagnosis of osteoporosis of plain lumber vertebral.......

Keywords: Radiography, Bone Mineral Density (BMD), Osteoporosis.

[1]. Ensrud KE, Thompson DE, Cauley JA, Nevitt MC, Kado DM, Hochberg MC, Santora AC, Black DM. Prevalent vertebral deformities predict mortality and hospitalization in older women with low bone mass. Fracture Intervention Trial Research Group. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000; 48:241–249.
[2]. Cooper C. The crippling consequences of fractures and their impact on quality of life. Am J Med. 1997; 103:12S–17S; discussion 17S-19S.
[3]. Kanis JA. Diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk. Lancet. 2002; 359:1929–1936.
[4]. Eastell R. Treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med. 1998; 338:736–746.
[5]. Assessment of fracture risk and its application to screening for postmenopausal osteoporosis. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 1994; 843:1–129.

Abstract: Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is considered one of the important factors that increases the cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of metabolic syndrome in patients with coronary artery disease and to compare the frequency of severe coronary artery disease in patients with and without metabolic syndrome.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with angiographic severity of coronary artery dicence (CAD). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study carried out in the Department of Cardiology, CMCH from October 2018......

Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease; Metabolic Syndrome (Mets); Correlation; Acute Myocardial Infarction; Coronary Angiography; Gensini Score

[1]. Gaziano, T. A. And Gaziano, J. M. (2008). Epidemiology Of Cardiovascular Disease. In: Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Et Al. Harrison Principals Of Internal Medicine. 17th Ed; Mc-Graw Hills, P. 1377-78.
[2]. Enas, E. A, Mohan, V., Deepa, M., Farooq, S., Pazhoor, S. And Chennikkara, H. (2007). The Metabolic Syndrome And Dyslipidemia Among Asian Indians: A Population With High Rates Of Diabetes And Premature Coronary Artery Disease. J Cardiometab Syndr, 2: P. 267- 75.
[3]. Veghari, G. H., Sedaghat, M., Banihashem, S., Moharloei, P., Angizeh, A., Tazik, E., Et Al. (2015). The Prevalence Of Metabolic Syndrome In The North Of Iran. An Epidemiologic Comparative Study. J Cardiovasc Disease Res, 6(4): P. 172-175.
[4]. Neeb, Z. P., Edwards, J. M., Alloosh, M., Long, X., Mokelke, E. A. And Sturek, M. (2010). Metabolic Syndrome And Coronary Artery Disease In Ossabaw Compared With Yucatan Swine. Comp Med, 60(4): P. 300-315.
[5]. Yavuz, B., Kabakci, G., Aksoy, H., Tulumen, E., Deveci, O. S., Aytemir, K., Et Al. (2008). Determining The Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome Score And Angiographic Severity Of Coronary Artery Disease. Int J Clinpract, 62: P. 717–722. [Pubmed]